Features of science
‘Scientific method’ – a systematic process to obtain objective information
and to test theories.
A scientific theory is one that is supported by evidence.
Key features of science:
OBJECTIVITY = views based on observable phenomena that can be verified by
measurements and not personal opinion or prejudices. It is based on empiricism.
• EMPIRICISM = providing evidence by gaining information through direct observation rather
than by reasoned argument or unfounded belief.
• REPLICABILITY = the ability for procedures and findings to be reproduced or repeated.
• RATIONAL = based on reason and logic.
• SYSTEMATIC = gathers information systematically and unbiased
The scientific process:
1) Identify a problem
2) Develop a hypothesis
3) Devise a study
4) Analyse and evaluate the results to see if they support the hypothesis
5) Modify and repeat the process depending on your evaluation
6) Develop a theory
PARADIGMS
A paradigm = a shared set of assumptions and views about a
view or approach.
• The accepted paradigm tends to dominate the science and
limit and determine the types of
questions that scientists ask.
• If a new theory comes forward and is accepted by the
scientific community, it becomes the
new paradigm.
‘Scientific method’ – a systematic process to obtain objective information
and to test theories.
A scientific theory is one that is supported by evidence.
Key features of science:
OBJECTIVITY = views based on observable phenomena that can be verified by
measurements and not personal opinion or prejudices. It is based on empiricism.
• EMPIRICISM = providing evidence by gaining information through direct observation rather
than by reasoned argument or unfounded belief.
• REPLICABILITY = the ability for procedures and findings to be reproduced or repeated.
• RATIONAL = based on reason and logic.
• SYSTEMATIC = gathers information systematically and unbiased
The scientific process:
1) Identify a problem
2) Develop a hypothesis
3) Devise a study
4) Analyse and evaluate the results to see if they support the hypothesis
5) Modify and repeat the process depending on your evaluation
6) Develop a theory
PARADIGMS
A paradigm = a shared set of assumptions and views about a
view or approach.
• The accepted paradigm tends to dominate the science and
limit and determine the types of
questions that scientists ask.
• If a new theory comes forward and is accepted by the
scientific community, it becomes the
new paradigm.
