Phonetics and Phonology Exam Review: Questions and Answers for Speech Language Pathology, Exams of Advanced Education

Phonetics and Phonology Exam Review: Questions and Answers for Speech-
Language Pathology, Exams of Advanced Education




diacritic - ANSWERa sign placed above or below a character or letter to
indicate that it has a different phonetic value, is stressed, or for some other
reason

-an auditory hint



vowel initial - ANSWERVC

Vowel-consonant

Ex: "of"



open syllable - ANSWERCV

Consonant-vowel

Ex: "bee" "be" "toe"



closed syllable - ANSWERCVC

Consonant-vowel-consonant

Ex: "cat" "dog" "boat"



open syllable with initial cluster - ANSWERCC(C)V

Vowel, consonant cluster (CC), optional consonant, vowel

,"Skɑɪ" "strɑ"



vowel initial with final cluster - ANSWERVCC(C)

Vowel, consonant cluster (CC), optional consonant

"æsk" "æsks"



closed syllable with initial cluster, final cluster, or both -
ANSWERC(C)(C)VC(C)(C)

Have to have either an initial or final cluster

Consonant, vowel, consonant cluster or consonant cluster, vowel, consonant

"Strɪŋ" "striŋs" "bɑks"



linguistic notation - ANSWERC - consonant

V - vowel

() - optional, C or V may or may not be present

# - morphological boundary (i.e. beginning or end of a word "of words")

∅ - omission

____ - place where sound change occurs

{} - group of phonemes



C (linguistic notation) - ANSWERconsonant



V (linguistic notation) - ANSWERvowel



( ) (linguistic notation) - ANSWERoptional, C or V may or may not be present

, # (linguistic notation) - ANSWERmorphological boundary (i.e. beginning or
end of a word "of words")



∅ (linguistic notation) - ANSWERomission



____ (linguistic notation) - ANSWERplace where sound change occurs



{} (linguistic notation) - ANSWERgroup of phonemes



sources of communication differences - ANSWER1. Dialect

2. Style

3. Register



register - ANSWER-The effects of topic on communication

-The classification possible on a scale ranging from technical to nontechnical

-Effects seen mainly in vocabulary

-Slang vs. jargon



style - ANSWER-The collective effects of situation on communication

-Scaled on a continuum from formal to informal

-Effects seen in: Vocabulary selection, Grammar, Pronunciation, Prosody



(non)rhotic dialect - ANSWERrhotic dialects use r-coloring where non-rhotic
dialects instill "r-dropping" or do not use r-coloring