NSG 252 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
Definition of Nursing (ANA) - Answers Nursing protects, promotes health, prevents illness, and
advocates for individuals and communities.
Art of Nursing - Answers Compassion, caring, patient-centered approach.
Science of Nursing - Answers Research, evidence-based practice, clinical knowledge.
What defines a profession - Answers Prolonged education, specialized knowledge, autonomy,
licensure, ethical code.
Process approach to profession - Answers Profession develops continuously over time.
Power approach to profession - Answers Level of influence and independence.
Trait approach to profession - Answers Specialized knowledge, licensure, ethics, commitment to
service.
Sources of power in nursing - Answers Expert, referent, legitimate, reward, coercive, collective.
How nurses gain power - Answers Education, experience, unity, political action, professional
organizations.
Florence Nightingale - Answers Founder of modern nursing, improved sanitation and hospital
conditions.
Clara Barton - Answers Founder of the American Red Cross.
Mary Mahoney - Answers First African American professional nurse.
Lillian Wald - Answers Founder of public health nursing.
Isabel Hampton Robb - Answers Nursing education standards and licensing advocacy.
Annie Goodrich - Answers University-level nursing education.
Loretta Ford - Answers Co-founder of the Nurse Practitioner role.
Patricia Benner - Answers Developed the Novice to Expert theory.
Affordable Care Act (ACA) 2010 - Answers Expanded access to health insurance and improved
quality of care.
Value-Based Purchasing - Answers Hospital payment based on patient outcomes and
satisfaction.
Hospital Acquired Conditions (HACs) - Answers Preventable hospital complications not
reimbursed by Medicare.
, Preventative Care - Answers Disease prevention and health promotion.
Primary Care - Answers Basic or general health services.
Secondary Care - Answers Specialized care by referral.
Tertiary Care - Answers Highly specialized hospital care.
Restorative Care - Answers Rehabilitation and recovery services.
Continuing Care - Answers Long-term and hospice care.
Telehealth - Answers Healthcare delivered remotely through technology.
E-Health - Answers Online access to health information and services.
Six Dimensions of Quality Care - Answers Safety, effectiveness, patient-centeredness,
timeliness, efficiency, equity.
Risk Management - Answers Identifying and reducing patient safety risks.
Sentinel Event - Answers Unexpected event causing death or serious injury.
Never Event - Answers Serious preventable medical error that is not reimbursed.
Root Cause Analysis - Answers Investigation into why an error occurred.
Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) - Answers Quality improvement cycle.
QSEN Competencies - Answers Safety, teamwork, evidence-based practice, quality
improvement, informatics.
Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC) - Answers Allows multi-state nursing practice.
Clinical Judgment - Answers Outcome of critical thinking and decision-making.
Critical Thinking - Answers Systematic, logical, reflective thinking for safe decisions.
Nursing Process - Answers Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
(ADPIE).
Assessment - Answers Gathering subjective and objective patient data.
Subjective Data - Answers What the patient reports.
Objective Data - Answers Measurable and observable data.
Nursing Diagnosis - Answers Clinical judgment of a human response to health condition.
NANDA Format - Answers Problem related to etiology as evidenced by signs/symptoms.
Definition of Nursing (ANA) - Answers Nursing protects, promotes health, prevents illness, and
advocates for individuals and communities.
Art of Nursing - Answers Compassion, caring, patient-centered approach.
Science of Nursing - Answers Research, evidence-based practice, clinical knowledge.
What defines a profession - Answers Prolonged education, specialized knowledge, autonomy,
licensure, ethical code.
Process approach to profession - Answers Profession develops continuously over time.
Power approach to profession - Answers Level of influence and independence.
Trait approach to profession - Answers Specialized knowledge, licensure, ethics, commitment to
service.
Sources of power in nursing - Answers Expert, referent, legitimate, reward, coercive, collective.
How nurses gain power - Answers Education, experience, unity, political action, professional
organizations.
Florence Nightingale - Answers Founder of modern nursing, improved sanitation and hospital
conditions.
Clara Barton - Answers Founder of the American Red Cross.
Mary Mahoney - Answers First African American professional nurse.
Lillian Wald - Answers Founder of public health nursing.
Isabel Hampton Robb - Answers Nursing education standards and licensing advocacy.
Annie Goodrich - Answers University-level nursing education.
Loretta Ford - Answers Co-founder of the Nurse Practitioner role.
Patricia Benner - Answers Developed the Novice to Expert theory.
Affordable Care Act (ACA) 2010 - Answers Expanded access to health insurance and improved
quality of care.
Value-Based Purchasing - Answers Hospital payment based on patient outcomes and
satisfaction.
Hospital Acquired Conditions (HACs) - Answers Preventable hospital complications not
reimbursed by Medicare.
, Preventative Care - Answers Disease prevention and health promotion.
Primary Care - Answers Basic or general health services.
Secondary Care - Answers Specialized care by referral.
Tertiary Care - Answers Highly specialized hospital care.
Restorative Care - Answers Rehabilitation and recovery services.
Continuing Care - Answers Long-term and hospice care.
Telehealth - Answers Healthcare delivered remotely through technology.
E-Health - Answers Online access to health information and services.
Six Dimensions of Quality Care - Answers Safety, effectiveness, patient-centeredness,
timeliness, efficiency, equity.
Risk Management - Answers Identifying and reducing patient safety risks.
Sentinel Event - Answers Unexpected event causing death or serious injury.
Never Event - Answers Serious preventable medical error that is not reimbursed.
Root Cause Analysis - Answers Investigation into why an error occurred.
Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) - Answers Quality improvement cycle.
QSEN Competencies - Answers Safety, teamwork, evidence-based practice, quality
improvement, informatics.
Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC) - Answers Allows multi-state nursing practice.
Clinical Judgment - Answers Outcome of critical thinking and decision-making.
Critical Thinking - Answers Systematic, logical, reflective thinking for safe decisions.
Nursing Process - Answers Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
(ADPIE).
Assessment - Answers Gathering subjective and objective patient data.
Subjective Data - Answers What the patient reports.
Objective Data - Answers Measurable and observable data.
Nursing Diagnosis - Answers Clinical judgment of a human response to health condition.
NANDA Format - Answers Problem related to etiology as evidenced by signs/symptoms.
