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Emergent literacy ✔Correct Answer-what children do to learn how to read and write, what a child
knows about reading and writing before learning, continues early and keeps going. Authentic
experiences exposes children to language and it is critical in his stage
Cues ✔Correct Answer-readers use these to construct meaning
Semantic cues ✔Correct Answer-"meaning cues". Help readers understand what language means
(symbols, sounds, pictures, word phrases, etc)
Syntactic cues ✔Correct Answer-This helps readers understand structure. Structure cues that help
readers understand how words are organized into patterns.
Graphophonic Cues ✔Correct Answer-Letter and sound cues that help readers identify individual
letters or patterns or clusters of letters such as root and whole words.
Conventions of print ✔Correct Answer-print cues that enable readers to follow print
Pragmatic cues ✔Correct Answer-Social and cultural functions of language for different purposes.
Different language based on who we are speaking to.
Strategies for applying cues ✔Correct Answer-Sampling; reading or listening
Predicting; making an educated guess
Confirming; using text into to confirm predictions
self-correcting; using text info to correct an initial prediction that was proven incorrect
Why is an assessment collected? ✔Correct Answer-To determine how well students are
progressing with respect to specific aspect of learning
to help students tale ownership of learning
to demonstrate the effectiveness of your job
Formative assessment ✔Correct Answer-ongoing and provides immediate feedback to improve
both teaching and learning. Authentic based on literacy activities children are engaged in. Informs
teachers and learners, identify skills that need review, monitor student progress, guide teacher
instruction, demonstrate effectiveness of instruction.
What are some types of formative assessments? ✔Correct Answer-Teacher observations,
anecdotal records, conferences and conference notes, checklists, running records and retellings
summative assessment examples ✔Correct Answer-end-of-book tests, end-of-unit tests,
standardized tests, district assessments
Combination of assessment tools ✔Correct Answer-improve fairness and effectiveness of
classroom literacy assessment, and develop a deep understanding of learners
Independent reading level ✔Correct Answer-accuracy rate is 95-100%. The students reading is
fluent and they can comprehend what they read.
, instructional reading level ✔Correct Answer-read and understand books at their instructional level
with support from teacher and use of instructional strategies, recognize most words and reading
won't always be fluent. Children comprehend what they read.
Observations ✔Correct Answer-Ability to make patterns and relationships without judgement,
describe what can be seen.
CAP ✔Correct Answer-Concepts of print
Onset ✔Correct Answer-Consonant before the vowel
Rime ✔Correct Answer-Patterns following onset, beginning with first vowel
Consonant digraph ✔Correct Answer-When two consonants come together to make a brand new
sound (ch)
Running record ✔Correct Answer-formative assessment used to determine appropriate level of
text difficulty and to record what the child does when reading continuous text. Contains most helpful
insights on strategies a child is using to reconstruct meaning and what needs to be taught/learned
next.
Miscues ✔Correct Answer-Deviations from the text
Questions for semantic cues ✔Correct Answer-does it make sense?
questions of syntactic cues ✔Correct Answer-does it sound right? does child attempt sound right?
Cues for graphophonic cues ✔Correct Answer-does it look right? Does the Childs attempt visually
resemble, in any way, the word in the text?
Approximations ✔Correct Answer-an educated guess based on what the child knows
Graphemes ✔Correct Answer-written/printed representation of sound
Phoneme ✔Correct Answer-smallest unit of sounds
Vowel blending ✔Correct Answer-2 vowels that appear together and represent a blending of the
sounds often associated with each letter (pour/toy)
vowel digraph ✔Correct Answer-consists of two vowels that together represent one sound- like
the oa in boat that makes the long o sound.
Vowel diphthong ✔Correct Answer-two vowels that produce two sounds that glide into one
another (blouse, towel)
Reading process ✔Correct Answer-Refers to in-the-head actions that all readers use in order to
understand the text in front of them (the thinking the readers are engaged in)
Reading product ✔Correct Answer-Students are taught skills and strategies when they are learning
to read something, they are more able to understand how those skills/strategies again