PHTLS WRITTEN EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE 2026-27!!

PHTLS WRITTEN EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!




Trauma diamond of death - (ANSWER)1. hypothermia

2. acidosis

3. coagulopathy

4. hypocalcemia



types of burn shock - (ANSWER)-fluid loss across damaged skin

-volume shifts within the body



Jackson's Theory of Thermal Wounds - (ANSWER)-zone of coagulation

-zone of stasis

-zone of hyperemia



zone of coagulation - (ANSWER)Area in a burn nearest the heat source that suffers the most damage as
evidenced by clotted blood and thrombosed blood vessels



zone of stasis - (ANSWER)Area surrounding zone of coagulation characterized by decreased blood flow



zone of hyperemia - (ANSWER)Peripheral area around burn that has an increased blood flow



superficial (first degree) burns - (ANSWER)-damages the epidermis

-red & painful



partial thickness (second degree) burns - (ANSWER)-dermal layer burned

-blistered present or popped

-most painful



full thickness (third degree) burn - (ANSWER)-reaches into subQ tissue, including nerves

, PHTLS WRITTEN EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
2026-27!!




-leathery appearance



subdermal (fourth degree) burns - (ANSWER)-charring present

-deep tissues exposed & burned



palmar method - (ANSWER)The surface area of the patient's palm, including fingers = 1% body surface
area burned



rule of 9s - (ANSWER)Head and neck = 9%

Arms= 9% each

Legs= 18% each

Front trunk = 18%

Back trunk = 18%

Genitals: 1%

Palms: 1%



s/s of airway involvement in burns - (ANSWER)-hoarseness

-cough

-singed nasal/facial hair

-facial burns

-carbon in sputum

-burn that occurred in an enclosed space



parkland formula - (ANSWER)4ml x kg x TBSA %



rule of ten fluid resuscitation - (ANSWER)rounded % burned x 10 = ml/hr