Test Bank For Pharmacology: A
Patient-Centered Nursing
Process Approach 12th Edition
by Linda E. McCuistion,
Verified Complete Chapters||
Newest Edition
1. Which of the following is the primary purpose of a loading dose?
a. To prevent side effects
b. To maintain steady blood levels
c. To achieve therapeutic levels quickly
d. To reduce the frequency of dosing
Rationale: A loading dose is a higher initial dose given to rapidly
achieve therapeutic plasma concentrations.
2. The nurse teaches a patient to take an extended-release tablet
with:
a. Food only
b. A full glass of water
c. Grapefruit juice
d. On an empty stomach always
, Rationale: Extended-release tablets should be taken with a full
glass of water to ensure proper dissolution and absorption.
3. A patient receiving digoxin should be monitored for which
therapeutic effect?
a. Increased urine output
b. Decreased heart rate and improved cardiac output
c. Decreased blood pressure
d. Reduced edema
Rationale: Digoxin increases myocardial contractility and slows
conduction, improving cardiac output.
4. Which patient is at greatest risk for digoxin toxicity?
a. Young adult
b. Elderly with renal impairment
c. Healthy middle-aged adult
d. Adolescent
Rationale: Digoxin is excreted primarily by the kidneys; elderly
patients with reduced renal function are more susceptible to
toxicity.
5. The nurse understands that peak drug levels indicate:
a. Minimum therapeutic effect
b. Highest plasma concentration
c. Time of drug excretion
d. Drug half-life
Rationale: Peak levels measure the maximum concentration of
the drug in plasma to avoid toxicity.
6. Which is the most appropriate nursing action for a patient
receiving aminoglycosides?
, a. Monitor blood glucose
b. Check renal function and hearing
c. Assess liver enzymes
d. Monitor platelet count
Rationale: Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic and ototoxic; renal
function and hearing should be closely monitored.
7. A patient taking warfarin should avoid:
a. Vitamin K-rich foods
b. Protein shakes
c. Citrus fruits
d. Dairy products
Rationale: Vitamin K can antagonize warfarin, reducing its
anticoagulant effect.
8. Which is the most important nursing consideration for
administering IV potassium?
a. Rapid push over 1–2 minutes
b. Dilute and infuse slowly
c. Give undiluted
d. Administer subcutaneously
Rationale: IV potassium must be diluted and infused slowly to
prevent cardiac arrest or venous irritation.
9. A patient is prescribed a beta-blocker for hypertension. Which
assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
a. Mild dizziness
b. Heart rate 42 bpm
c. Slight fatigue
d. Occasional headache
, Rationale: Beta-blockers reduce heart rate; bradycardia (<50
bpm) can be dangerous and requires intervention.
10. The nurse instructs a patient taking albuterol to:
a. Take the drug orally
b. Avoid exercise
c. Rinse mouth after inhalation
d. Take with milk
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth reduces the risk of fungal infections
(thrush) from inhaled medications.
11. Which drug is classified as a loop diuretic?
a. Hydrochlorothiazide
b. Spironolactone
c. Furosemide
d. Mannitol
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic, acting on the loop of
Henle to promote sodium, potassium, and water excretion.
12. A patient taking NSAIDs long-term should be monitored for:
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Gastrointestinal bleeding
c. Hypoglycemia
d. Bradycardia
Rationale: NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandins that protect the gastric
mucosa, increasing the risk of GI bleeding.
13. A patient is taking a statin. The nurse should assess for:
a. Liver dysfunction and muscle pain
b. Elevated liver enzymes and muscle pain (myopathy)
c. Hypertension
Patient-Centered Nursing
Process Approach 12th Edition
by Linda E. McCuistion,
Verified Complete Chapters||
Newest Edition
1. Which of the following is the primary purpose of a loading dose?
a. To prevent side effects
b. To maintain steady blood levels
c. To achieve therapeutic levels quickly
d. To reduce the frequency of dosing
Rationale: A loading dose is a higher initial dose given to rapidly
achieve therapeutic plasma concentrations.
2. The nurse teaches a patient to take an extended-release tablet
with:
a. Food only
b. A full glass of water
c. Grapefruit juice
d. On an empty stomach always
, Rationale: Extended-release tablets should be taken with a full
glass of water to ensure proper dissolution and absorption.
3. A patient receiving digoxin should be monitored for which
therapeutic effect?
a. Increased urine output
b. Decreased heart rate and improved cardiac output
c. Decreased blood pressure
d. Reduced edema
Rationale: Digoxin increases myocardial contractility and slows
conduction, improving cardiac output.
4. Which patient is at greatest risk for digoxin toxicity?
a. Young adult
b. Elderly with renal impairment
c. Healthy middle-aged adult
d. Adolescent
Rationale: Digoxin is excreted primarily by the kidneys; elderly
patients with reduced renal function are more susceptible to
toxicity.
5. The nurse understands that peak drug levels indicate:
a. Minimum therapeutic effect
b. Highest plasma concentration
c. Time of drug excretion
d. Drug half-life
Rationale: Peak levels measure the maximum concentration of
the drug in plasma to avoid toxicity.
6. Which is the most appropriate nursing action for a patient
receiving aminoglycosides?
, a. Monitor blood glucose
b. Check renal function and hearing
c. Assess liver enzymes
d. Monitor platelet count
Rationale: Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic and ototoxic; renal
function and hearing should be closely monitored.
7. A patient taking warfarin should avoid:
a. Vitamin K-rich foods
b. Protein shakes
c. Citrus fruits
d. Dairy products
Rationale: Vitamin K can antagonize warfarin, reducing its
anticoagulant effect.
8. Which is the most important nursing consideration for
administering IV potassium?
a. Rapid push over 1–2 minutes
b. Dilute and infuse slowly
c. Give undiluted
d. Administer subcutaneously
Rationale: IV potassium must be diluted and infused slowly to
prevent cardiac arrest or venous irritation.
9. A patient is prescribed a beta-blocker for hypertension. Which
assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
a. Mild dizziness
b. Heart rate 42 bpm
c. Slight fatigue
d. Occasional headache
, Rationale: Beta-blockers reduce heart rate; bradycardia (<50
bpm) can be dangerous and requires intervention.
10. The nurse instructs a patient taking albuterol to:
a. Take the drug orally
b. Avoid exercise
c. Rinse mouth after inhalation
d. Take with milk
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth reduces the risk of fungal infections
(thrush) from inhaled medications.
11. Which drug is classified as a loop diuretic?
a. Hydrochlorothiazide
b. Spironolactone
c. Furosemide
d. Mannitol
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic, acting on the loop of
Henle to promote sodium, potassium, and water excretion.
12. A patient taking NSAIDs long-term should be monitored for:
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Gastrointestinal bleeding
c. Hypoglycemia
d. Bradycardia
Rationale: NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandins that protect the gastric
mucosa, increasing the risk of GI bleeding.
13. A patient is taking a statin. The nurse should assess for:
a. Liver dysfunction and muscle pain
b. Elevated liver enzymes and muscle pain (myopathy)
c. Hypertension
