TEST BANK FOR A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC 13TH EDITION BY PATRICK J. HURLEY, LORI WATSON

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TEST BANK FOR A CONCISE INTROD
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UCTION TO LOGIC 13TH EDITION
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BY PATRICK J. HURLEY, LORI WATSON
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,Chapterty1tyTesttyA


MULTIPLEtyCHOICE

INSTRUCTIONS:tyThetyfollowingtyselectionstyrelatetytotydistinguishingtyargumentstyfromtynonargume
ntstyandtyidentifyingtyconclusions.tySelecttythetybesttyanswertyfortyeach.

1. Theretyappearstytotybetyatygrowingtyhappinesstygaptybetweentymentyandtywomen.tyWomentytodaytyarety
workingtymoretyandtyrelaxingtyless,tywhiletymentyaretyworkingtylesstyandtyrelaxingtymore.tyFortytyyea
rstyagotyatytypicaltywomantyspentty40tyminutestymoretypertyweektythantythetytypicaltymantyperformingt
yantyactivitytyconsideredtyunpleasant.tyToday,tywithtymentyworkingtyless,tythetygaptyisty90tyminutestya
ndtygrowing.
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTodayty...tythetygaptyisty90tyminutestyandtygrowing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;tyconclusion:tyFortytyyearstyagoty...tyantyactivitytyconsideredtyunplea
sant.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTheretyappearstytotybety...tybetweentymentyandtywome
n.
e. Argument;tyconclusion:tyWomentytodaytyaretyworkingtymoretyandtyrelaxingtyle
ss.
ANS:t y D PTS:t y t y 2

2. Leadtyistytoxic,tybuttydotyyoutyknowtywhy?tyLeadtyistytoxictymainlytybecausetyittypreferentiallytyreplacest
yothertymetalstyintybiochemicaltyreactions.tyIntysotydoingtyittyinterferestywithtythetyproteinstythattyregulatet
ybloodtypressurety(whichtycantycausetydevelopmenttydelaystyintychildrentyandtyhightybloodtypressuretyintya
dults),tyhemetyproductionty(whichtycantyleadtytotyanemia),tyandtyspermtyproduction.tyLeadtyalsotydisplac
estycalciumtyintythetyreactionstythattytransmittyelectricaltyimpulsestyintythetybrain,tywhichtydiminishestyth
etyabilitytytotythinktyandtyrecalltyinformation.
AnnetyMarietyHelmstine,ty"YourtyGuidetytotyChemistry"
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyIttyinterferestywithtythetyproteinsty...tyandtyspermtyproduction.
b. Argument;tyconclusion:tyLeadtyistytoxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyIttypreferentiallytyreplacestyothertymetalstyintybiochemicaltyreacti
ons.
e. Argument;tyconclusion:tyLeadtyalsotydisplacestycalciumty...tyrecalltyinformation.
ANS:t y C PTS:t y t y 2

3. Aristotletyfocusedtyontyclarifyingtythetyconcepttyoftyvirtuetyitself.tyHetyarguedtythattyittywastyvirtuoustytotyc
hoosetythetypropertyamounttyoftyemotiontyand/ortyactiontycalledtyfortyintyatyparticulartysituationtyandtythatt
yextremestyoftyemotiontyandtyactiontyweretyvices.tyIntyalltycommunitiestytheretyaretysometymentyoftypracti
caltywisdomtywhotyhavetythetycapacitytytotyjudgetywisely.tyAristotletyarguedtythattytheytyhavetythetycapaci
tytytotyfollowtythety"righttyrule"tywhatevertythetysituation.
DavidtyCooper,tyValuetyPluralismtyandtyEthicaltyChoice
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyIntyalltycommunitiesty...tycapacitytytotyjudgetywisely.
b. Argument;tyconclusion:tyAristotletyfocusedtyontyclarifyingtythetyconcepttyoftyvirtuetyi
tself.
c. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTheytyhavetythetycapacitytytotyfollowty...tythetysituation.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyHetyarguedtythattyittywastyvirtuousty...tyweretyvices
e. Nonargument.
ANS:t y E PTS:t y t y 2




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,4. Illegaltyimmigrantstypaytylocaltysalestytaxes,tyandtymanytyoftythemtyalsotypaytystate,tylocal,tyandtyfederaltyin
cometytaxtyandtySocialtySecuritytytax.tyTheytyalsotypurchasetyitemstyfromtylocaltymerchants,tyincreasingtyt
hetyamounttythesetymerchantstypaytyintytaxes.tyIntyaddition,tytheytyworktyfortylowtysalaries,tywhichtyincrea
sestythetyearningstyoftytheirtyemployerstyandtythetyamounttyoftytaxestythesetyemployerstypay.tyThus,tyittyisty
nottycorrecttytotysaytythattyillegaltyimmigrantstycontributetynothingtytotythetycommunitiestyintywhichtytheyt
ylive.
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyIttyistynottycorrecttytotysayty...tycommunitiestyintywhichtythe
ytylive.
b. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTheytyworktyfortylowtysalariesty...tythesetyemployerst
ypay.
c. Argument;tyconclusion:tyIllegaltyimmigrantstypayty...tySocialtySecuritytytax.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTheytyalsotypurchasetyitemsty...typaytyintytaxes.
e. Nonargument.

ANS:t y A PTS:t y t y 2

5. Numeroustystudiestyhavetyindicatedtythattywomentyoftycolor,tyblacktywomentyintyparticular,tyaretyover-
arrested,tyover-indicted,tyandtyover-sentenced.tyAfrican-
Americantywomentyaretyseventytimestymoretylikelytytotybetyarrestedtyfortyprostitutiontythantywomentyofty
othertyethnictygroups.tyBlacktywomentyhavetyreceivedtysignificantlytylongertysentencestyfortycrimestyagai
nsttypropertytyandtyservedtylongertyperiodstyintyprison.tyFortybothtymurdertyandtydrugtyoffenses,tyEuroam
ericantywomentyendedtyuptyservingtyone-thirdtylesstytimetyfortythetysametyoffensestythantyblacktywomen.
NancytyKurshan,ty"WomentyandtyImprisonmenttyintythetyU.S."
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyAfrican-Americantywomenty...tyothertyethnictygroups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;tyconclusion:tyFortybothtymurdertyandtydrugtyoffensesty...tyblacktywomen
.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyNumeroustystudiestyhavetyindicatedty...tyover-sentenced.
e. Argument;tyconclusion:tyBlacktywomentyhavetyreceivedty...tylongertyperiodstyintypr
ison.
ANS:t y B PTS:t y t y 2

6. It'styeventymoretyimportanttythesetydaystythattyyourtycomputertybetyprotectedtybytyatyfirewall.tyTheretyarety
criminaltyelementstylurkingtyintythetyshadowstyoftycyberspacetywhotysendtyouttyprobestytotydetecttyunprote
ctedtyPCs.tyOncetyatyvulnerabletycomputertyistyfound,tythesetycriminalstyinstalltysoftwaretythattyassiststyth
emtyintycommittingtyidentitytythefttyandtyfencingtystolentyIDs.tyTheytyalsotydefraudtyonlinetyadvertiserstyb
ytyusingtythesetyzombietycomputerstytotyvisittypay-per-clicktyads.
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTheretyaretycriminaltyelementsty...tytotydetecttyunprotectedty
PCs.
b. Argument;tyconclusion:tyOncetyatyvulnerabletycomputerty...tyfencingtystolentyIDs.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTheytyalsotydefraudty...tytotyvisittypay-per-clicktyads.
e. Argument;tyconclusion:tyIt'styeventymoretyimportantty...typrotectedtybytyatyfirewall.
ANS:t y E PTS:t y t y 2

7. Thetyearthtyistyoftyinteresttytotyastronomytyfortymanytyreasons.tyNearlytyalltyobservationstymusttybetymadet
ythroughtythetyatmosphere,tyandtythetyphenomenatyoftythetyuppertyatmospheretyandtythetymagnetospheretyr
eflecttythetystatetyoftyinterplanetarytyspace.tyThetyearthtyistyalsotythetymosttyimportanttyobjecttyoftycompari
sontyfortyplanetologists.
HannutyKarttunen,tyettyal.,tyFundamentaltyAstronomy
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyThetyphenomenaty...tystatetyoftyinterplanetarytyspace
.
b. Argument;tyconclusion:tyThetyearthtyistyalsoty...tyfortyplanetologists.




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, c. Argument;tyconclusion:tyThetyearthtyistyoftyinteresttytotyastronomy.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;tyconclusion:tyNearlytyalltyobservationsty...tythroughtythetyatmosph
ere.
ANS:t y C PTS:t y t y 2

8. Iftythetytradetyintytigertyproductstyistybanned,tytigertyreservestyaretyguardedtybytywelltyequippedtystaff,tyco
mmunitiestyabuttingtytigertyhabitattyaretygiventyatystaketyintyprotectingtytigers,tyandtythetymakerstyoftytradit
ionaltymedicinestycantybetypersuadedtythattytigertypartstyaretynottyneeded,tythentytigertypoachingtywilltybety
halted,tyhabitattyandtylifetysustainingtypreytywilltybetyrestored,tyandtythetyimmanenttyextinctiontyoftytigerst
yintythetywildtywilltybetyaverted.
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument;tyconclusion:tyThetytradetyintytigertyproductstyistybanned.
c. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTigertypoachingtywilltybetyhalted.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyThetymakerstyoftytraditionaltymedicinesty...tynottynee
ded.
e. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTigertypoachingtywilltybetyhaltedty...tywilltybetyav
erted.
ANS:t y A PTS:t y t y 2

9. Humanstyaretybiologicaltyorganisms.tyTotyunderstandtyourtybehaviortyandtymentaltyprocesses,tywetyneedt
ytotyunderstandtytheirtybiologicaltyunderpinnings,tystartingtywithtythetycellulartylevel,tythetyneuron.tyHow
tywetyfeel,tylearn,tyremember,tyandtythinktyalltystemtyfromtyneuronaltyactivity.tySo,tyhowtyatyneurontywork
styandtyhowtyneuronstycommunicatetyaretycrucialtypiecestyoftyinformationtyintysolvingtythetypuzzletyoftyh
umantybehaviortyandtymentaltyprocessing.
RichardtyGriggs,tyPsychology:tyAtyConcisetyIntroduction
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTotyunderstandtyourtybehaviorty...tythetyneur
on.
b. Argument;tyconclusion:tyHumanstyaretybiologicaltyorganisms.
c. Argument;tyconclusion:tyHowtywetyfeelty...tyneuronaltyactivity.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyHowtyatyneurontyworksty...tymentaltyprocess
ing.
e. Nonargument.
ANS:t y D PTS:t y t y 2

10. Virusestyaretyacellulartyentitiestytootysmalltytotybetyseentywithtyatylighttymicroscope.tyTheytyaretycompose
dtyoftyatynucleictyacidtyandtyatyfewtyproteins.tyVirusestyreplicatetythemselvestyandtydisplaytyothertypropert
iestyoftylivingtyorganismstyonlytywhentytheytyhavetyinvadedtylivingtycells.tyIndeed,tysometyvirusestycantyb
etycrystallizedtyandtystoredtyintyatycontainertyontyatyshelftyfortyyears,tybuttytheytyretaintythetycapacitytytotyin
vadetycellstyandtycausetydisease.
JacquelyntyC.tyBlack,tyMicrobiology:tyPrinciplestyandtyExplorations
a. Argument;tyconclusion:tyTheytyaretycomposedtyoftyatynucleictyacidtyandtyatyfewtyprot
eins.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;tyconclusion:tyVirusestyaretyacellulartyentitiesty...tymicroscope.
d. Argument;tyconclusion:tyIndeed,tysometyvirusestycantybetycrystallizedty...tycausetydis
ease.
e. Argument;tyconclusion:tyVirusestyreplicatetythemselvesty...tyinvadedtylivingtycells.
ANS:t y B PTS:t y t y 2

11. Harnessingtythetyclean,tyabundanttyenergytyoftythetysuntyandtywindtyistycriticaltytotysolvingtythetyglobalty
warmingtyproblem.tyTechnologicaltyadvancestyhavetybroughttythetycosttyoftyelectricitytygeneratedtybytyt




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