Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether
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Test
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether /f /f /f /f
Chapter 01: Cellular
Test Biology
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Huether&McCance:UnderstandingPathophysiology,6thEdition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE /f
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled
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DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
student?
/f
a. A single circular chromosome /f /f /f
b. A nucleus /f
c. Free-floating nuclear material /f /f
d. No organelles /f
ANS: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular
/f / f / f / f / f /f / f / f / f / f / f
chromosome called a prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but
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has no organelles.
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REF: p. 2 / f
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular
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function is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to
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transform nutrients to energy?
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a. Metabolic absorption /f
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: NURSINGTB.COM
D /f
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
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involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
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secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
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REF: p. 2 / f
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would
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most of the genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm /f
ANS: C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of
/f / f /f /f /f /f / f /f /f /f /f /f /f
ribonucleic acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
is located within the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular
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respiration, while ribosomes are involved with protein manufacturing.
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Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the cell.
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REF: p. 2 / f
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether /f /f /f /f
Test
4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
the layer itself?
/f /f /f
a. Peripheral membrane proteins /f /f
b. Integral membrane proteins /f /f
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules /f /f
ANS: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at
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the surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane.
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Glycoprotein marks cells and does not float.
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REF: p. 7 / f
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids /f
d. Ligands
ANS: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell
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membrane.
/f
REF: p. 9 / f
6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation
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/f
a.
/f /f
Decreased fibronectin
UsSuN
in the extracellular matrix would NpTpoRrt thIe dG
iagnBo.
siC
s ofM
metastatic cancer?
/f
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f
/ f
/ f
/
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b. Increased collagen /f
c. Decreased elastin /f
d. Increased glycoproteins /f
ANS: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
them to travel or metastasize.
/ f /f /f /f /f
REF: p. 10 / f
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f / f
/f contact?
a. Cell junction /f
b. Gap junction /f
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction /f
ANS: A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
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Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
/f /f /f /f /f /f
REF: p. 11 / f
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether /f /f /f /f
Test
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
neighboring alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
/fsignaling types? /f
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
up, destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
secretion of glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is
/f /f / f / f /f / f /f /f / f / f / f / f
associated with a local chemical mediator like insulin.
/ f / f / f / f /f /f /f / f
REF: p. 12 / f
9. In /f cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
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a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
product of the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an
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attraction between an enzyme and any of the remaining options.
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REF: p.
16 NURSINGTB.COM
10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract.
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The athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based on the
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
knowledge that the problem is result of a deficiency of:
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a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS: C
When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of the other options are
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involved in muscle contraction.
/f /f /f /f
REF: p. 16 / f
11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
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a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle /f /f
ANS: D
While some ATP is produced during the oxidation and glycolysis phases, most of the ATP is
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
generated during the citric acid cycle. Digestion does not produce any ATP.
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NURSINGTB.COM
/f /f /f /f
Test
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether /f /f /f /f
Chapter 01: Cellular
Test Biology
/f /f /f
Huether&McCance:UnderstandingPathophysiology,6thEdition
/f /f /f /f /f /f
MULTIPLE CHOICE /f
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f / f /f /f /f /f /f
DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
student?
/f
a. A single circular chromosome /f /f /f
b. A nucleus /f
c. Free-floating nuclear material /f /f
d. No organelles /f
ANS: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular
/f / f / f / f / f /f / f / f / f / f / f
chromosome called a prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but
/ f / f / f /f / f / f / f / f / f
has no organelles.
/ f / f / f
REF: p. 2 / f
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular
/ f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f
function is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to
/ f / f / f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
transform nutrients to energy?
/f /f / f /f
a. Metabolic absorption /f
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: NURSINGTB.COM
D /f
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
/f / f /f /f / f /f / f / f
REF: p. 2 / f
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
most of the genetic information be contained?
/f /f /f / f /f /f /f
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm /f
ANS: C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of
/f / f /f /f /f /f / f /f /f /f /f /f /f
ribonucleic acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
is located within the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular
/f / f /f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f
respiration, while ribosomes are involved with protein manufacturing.
/ f /f / f / f / f / f / f / f
Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the cell.
/ f / f / f / f / f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
REF: p. 2 / f
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether /f /f /f /f
Test
4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
the layer itself?
/f /f /f
a. Peripheral membrane proteins /f /f
b. Integral membrane proteins /f /f
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules /f /f
ANS: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at
/f / f /f / f /f /f / f /f / f /f / f
the surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane.
/f /f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f
Glycoprotein marks cells and does not float.
/ f /f /f /f /f /f /f
REF: p. 7 / f
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
/f /f /f /f /f / f /f /f /f
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids /f
d. Ligands
ANS: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell
/f /f /f /f /f / f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
membrane.
/f
REF: p. 9 / f
6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
/f
a.
/f /f
Decreased fibronectin
UsSuN
in the extracellular matrix would NpTpoRrt thIe dG
iagnBo.
siC
s ofM
metastatic cancer?
/f
/f /f /f /f
f
/ f
/ f
/
/f /f /f / f /f /f v/f v /f
b. Increased collagen /f
c. Decreased elastin /f
d. Increased glycoproteins /f
ANS: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
them to travel or metastasize.
/ f /f /f /f /f
REF: p. 10 / f
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f / f
/f contact?
a. Cell junction /f
b. Gap junction /f
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction /f
ANS: A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell.
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
/f /f /f /f /f /f
REF: p. 11 / f
NURSINGTB.COM
, Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition Huether /f /f /f /f
Test
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
neighboring alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
/fsignaling types? /f
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
up, destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
secretion of glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is
/f /f / f / f /f / f /f /f / f / f / f / f
associated with a local chemical mediator like insulin.
/ f / f / f / f /f /f /f / f
REF: p. 12 / f
9. In /f cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
product of the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an
/f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f
attraction between an enzyme and any of the remaining options.
/ f / f / f /f /f /f /f /f / f /f
REF: p.
16 NURSINGTB.COM
10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract.
/f / f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f / f / f /f /f / f
The athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based on the
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
knowledge that the problem is result of a deficiency of:
/f /f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS: C
When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of the other options are
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
involved in muscle contraction.
/f /f /f /f
REF: p. 16 / f
11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
/f /f /f /f /f /f / f
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle /f /f
ANS: D
While some ATP is produced during the oxidation and glycolysis phases, most of the ATP is
/f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f /f
generated during the citric acid cycle. Digestion does not produce any ATP.
/ f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f / f
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