NHM 201 Final Exam Study Guide
questions with correct answers
2025/2026
nutrition - correct answer ✔✔the science of the study of food, nutrients, and other food
constituent and health
nutrients - correct answer ✔✔chemical substances in food that are used by the body for health
and growth
food security - correct answer ✔✔access at all times to a sufficient supply of nutritious food
food insecurity - correct answer ✔✔limited or uncertain availability of food
calorie - correct answer ✔✔unit of measurement of the energy supplies by food
essential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔substances required for growth and health that can't be
produced by the body
carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔chemical substances that consist of sugar molecules in
various forms
essential amino acids - correct answer ✔✔9 amino acids that can't be synthesized by the
human body
protein - correct answer ✔✔chemical substances made of amino acid chains
,lipids - correct answer ✔✔components of food that are soluble in fat but not water
vitamins - correct answer ✔✔14 specific chemicals that do specific functions in the body
minerals - correct answer ✔✔15 elements found in food that perform special functions in the
body
nonessential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔nutrients required for growth and health that can
be produced by the body from other components of the diet
glycemic index - correct answer ✔✔measure to which the extent blood glucose levels are raised
by consuming carbohydrates compared to glucose
fatty acid - correct answer ✔✔the fat-soluble component of fats in food
glycerol - correct answer ✔✔the component of fat that is soluble in water
Linoleic acid - correct answer ✔✔a parent of omega-6 fatty acids that is the primary structural
component of the central nervous system
Alpha-linolenic acid - correct answer ✔✔parent to omega-3 fatty acids that are broken down to
make EPA and DHA
Saturated fatty acids - correct answer ✔✔fats that have carbon atoms linked together with
single bonds
,unsaturated fatty acids - correct answer ✔✔fats that have carbon atoms linked together with
double bonds
hydrogenation - correct answer ✔✔bubbling atoms through liquid polyunsaturated fatty acids
to force hydrogen atoms into double bonds to turn them into single bonds
trans-fat - correct answer ✔✔an unsaturated fat that is produced by hydrogenation
cholesterol - correct answer ✔✔a fat-soluble colorless liquid primarily found in animal products
homeostasis - correct answer ✔✔constancy in the internal environment
malnutrition - correct answer ✔✔poor nutrition from a lack or excess of calories or nutrients
chronic diseases - correct answer ✔✔slow developing, long lasting diseases that are not
contagious
hypertension - correct answer ✔✔high blood pressure
stroke - correct answer ✔✔an event that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain becomes
blocked
nutrient-dense foods - correct answer ✔✔food that contains a high amount of nutrients
compared to calories
calorie-dense foods - correct answer ✔✔food high in calories and low in nutrients
dietary supplements - correct answer ✔✔products intended to supplement the diet
, functional foods - correct answer ✔✔fortified and enhanced foods that may have health
benefits beyond the effects of essential nutrients
infertility/infecundity - correct answer ✔✔the involuntary absence of production of children
fertility - correct answer ✔✔the actual production of children
fecundity - correct answer ✔✔the biological ability to have children
miscarriage - correct answer ✔✔the loss of a conceptus in the first 20 week of pregnancy
subfertility - correct answer ✔✔reduced levels of fertility characterized by an unusually long
time for conception
puberty - correct answer ✔✔the period in life where humans become biologically capable of
reproduction
ova - correct answer ✔✔eggs that a female produces and stores in the ovaries
menopause - correct answer ✔✔cessation of the menstrual cycle and reproductive capacity
menstrual cycle - correct answer ✔✔a 4 week interval where hormones direct a buildup of
blood and nutrient stores in the uterine wall and the maturation and release of an ovum
follicular phase - correct answer ✔✔first half of the menstrual cycle
questions with correct answers
2025/2026
nutrition - correct answer ✔✔the science of the study of food, nutrients, and other food
constituent and health
nutrients - correct answer ✔✔chemical substances in food that are used by the body for health
and growth
food security - correct answer ✔✔access at all times to a sufficient supply of nutritious food
food insecurity - correct answer ✔✔limited or uncertain availability of food
calorie - correct answer ✔✔unit of measurement of the energy supplies by food
essential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔substances required for growth and health that can't be
produced by the body
carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔chemical substances that consist of sugar molecules in
various forms
essential amino acids - correct answer ✔✔9 amino acids that can't be synthesized by the
human body
protein - correct answer ✔✔chemical substances made of amino acid chains
,lipids - correct answer ✔✔components of food that are soluble in fat but not water
vitamins - correct answer ✔✔14 specific chemicals that do specific functions in the body
minerals - correct answer ✔✔15 elements found in food that perform special functions in the
body
nonessential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔nutrients required for growth and health that can
be produced by the body from other components of the diet
glycemic index - correct answer ✔✔measure to which the extent blood glucose levels are raised
by consuming carbohydrates compared to glucose
fatty acid - correct answer ✔✔the fat-soluble component of fats in food
glycerol - correct answer ✔✔the component of fat that is soluble in water
Linoleic acid - correct answer ✔✔a parent of omega-6 fatty acids that is the primary structural
component of the central nervous system
Alpha-linolenic acid - correct answer ✔✔parent to omega-3 fatty acids that are broken down to
make EPA and DHA
Saturated fatty acids - correct answer ✔✔fats that have carbon atoms linked together with
single bonds
,unsaturated fatty acids - correct answer ✔✔fats that have carbon atoms linked together with
double bonds
hydrogenation - correct answer ✔✔bubbling atoms through liquid polyunsaturated fatty acids
to force hydrogen atoms into double bonds to turn them into single bonds
trans-fat - correct answer ✔✔an unsaturated fat that is produced by hydrogenation
cholesterol - correct answer ✔✔a fat-soluble colorless liquid primarily found in animal products
homeostasis - correct answer ✔✔constancy in the internal environment
malnutrition - correct answer ✔✔poor nutrition from a lack or excess of calories or nutrients
chronic diseases - correct answer ✔✔slow developing, long lasting diseases that are not
contagious
hypertension - correct answer ✔✔high blood pressure
stroke - correct answer ✔✔an event that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain becomes
blocked
nutrient-dense foods - correct answer ✔✔food that contains a high amount of nutrients
compared to calories
calorie-dense foods - correct answer ✔✔food high in calories and low in nutrients
dietary supplements - correct answer ✔✔products intended to supplement the diet
, functional foods - correct answer ✔✔fortified and enhanced foods that may have health
benefits beyond the effects of essential nutrients
infertility/infecundity - correct answer ✔✔the involuntary absence of production of children
fertility - correct answer ✔✔the actual production of children
fecundity - correct answer ✔✔the biological ability to have children
miscarriage - correct answer ✔✔the loss of a conceptus in the first 20 week of pregnancy
subfertility - correct answer ✔✔reduced levels of fertility characterized by an unusually long
time for conception
puberty - correct answer ✔✔the period in life where humans become biologically capable of
reproduction
ova - correct answer ✔✔eggs that a female produces and stores in the ovaries
menopause - correct answer ✔✔cessation of the menstrual cycle and reproductive capacity
menstrual cycle - correct answer ✔✔a 4 week interval where hormones direct a buildup of
blood and nutrient stores in the uterine wall and the maturation and release of an ovum
follicular phase - correct answer ✔✔first half of the menstrual cycle
