lOMoARcPSD|61299927
PEDS/OB HESI PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2024
A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to
administer for treatment of this disorder? - answer Nystatin (antifungal)
Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration with the
healthcare provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse anticipate? - answer A
trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone.
[A trial of HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone) may aid in testicular descent, but
does not replace surgical repair for true undescended testes. Undescended testes
(cryptorchidism) may be found in the inguinal canal due to exaggerated cremasteric reflex.]
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis about respiratory
treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?
a. Perform postural drainage before starting the aerosol therapy.
b. Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
c. Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
d. Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any respiratory infection. - answer C.
Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
[Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most effective when performed after
nebulization and one hour before meals and/or at least 2 hours after eating to prevent nausea
and vomiting and potential aspiration. Postural drainage uses gravity to promote mucous
removal after the nebulization treatments has liquefied the secretions, therefore helps open the
airways. Pulmonary toileting or respiratory treatments should be given 3 to 4 times daily.]
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer bismuth
subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when he "has a tummy ache." After
Downloaded by James Banks ()
, lOMoARcPSD|61299927
reminding the mother to check the label of all over-the-counter drugs for the presence of
aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to this mother's question?
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least 16 years old.
d. Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy ache." - answer b. Do
not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
[Pepto Bismol, Bismylate contains subsalicylate and if used in the presence of a viral illness,
there is the potential of developing Reye's syndrome, a sometimes fatal condition for children.]
The nurse is assessing an 8-month-old child who has a medical diagnosis of Tetrology of Fallot.
Which symptom is this client most likely to exhibit?
a. Bradycardia
b. Machinery murmur
c. Weak pedal pulses
d. Clubbed fingers - answer d. Clubbed fingers
[Tetrology of Fallot, a cyanotic heart defect, causes clubbing of fingers and toes (D) due to tissue
hypoxia. Tachycardia, not (A), is a manifestation of congenital heart disease. (B) is a classic sign
of ventricular septal defect. (C) is characteristic of coarctation of the aorta.]
During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a
tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should
the nurse take next?
a. No action required, as this is an expected finding for a school-aged child.
Downloaded by James Banks ()
PEDS/OB HESI PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2024
A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to
administer for treatment of this disorder? - answer Nystatin (antifungal)
Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration with the
healthcare provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse anticipate? - answer A
trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone.
[A trial of HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone) may aid in testicular descent, but
does not replace surgical repair for true undescended testes. Undescended testes
(cryptorchidism) may be found in the inguinal canal due to exaggerated cremasteric reflex.]
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis about respiratory
treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?
a. Perform postural drainage before starting the aerosol therapy.
b. Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
c. Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
d. Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any respiratory infection. - answer C.
Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
[Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most effective when performed after
nebulization and one hour before meals and/or at least 2 hours after eating to prevent nausea
and vomiting and potential aspiration. Postural drainage uses gravity to promote mucous
removal after the nebulization treatments has liquefied the secretions, therefore helps open the
airways. Pulmonary toileting or respiratory treatments should be given 3 to 4 times daily.]
The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer bismuth
subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when he "has a tummy ache." After
Downloaded by James Banks ()
, lOMoARcPSD|61299927
reminding the mother to check the label of all over-the-counter drugs for the presence of
aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to this mother's question?
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least 16 years old.
d. Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy ache." - answer b. Do
not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
[Pepto Bismol, Bismylate contains subsalicylate and if used in the presence of a viral illness,
there is the potential of developing Reye's syndrome, a sometimes fatal condition for children.]
The nurse is assessing an 8-month-old child who has a medical diagnosis of Tetrology of Fallot.
Which symptom is this client most likely to exhibit?
a. Bradycardia
b. Machinery murmur
c. Weak pedal pulses
d. Clubbed fingers - answer d. Clubbed fingers
[Tetrology of Fallot, a cyanotic heart defect, causes clubbing of fingers and toes (D) due to tissue
hypoxia. Tachycardia, not (A), is a manifestation of congenital heart disease. (B) is a classic sign
of ventricular septal defect. (C) is characteristic of coarctation of the aorta.]
During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a
tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should
the nurse take next?
a. No action required, as this is an expected finding for a school-aged child.
Downloaded by James Banks ()
