FLORIDA AQUATIC PEST CONTROL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% PASS
Rushes - correct answer-Have solid round stems and flowers that have two rings of
small, brown scale-like structures similar to petals
What are the aquatic plant growth habits? - correct answer-Submersed plants, emersed
plants, floating plants and floating leaf plants
Water fern ( Salvinia minima) - correct answer-Nonnative floating plant with paired
rounded fronds that have stiff, branched hairs on the upper surface, 3/4 in acrss and
thin root-like fronds hang beneath
Giant water fern ( Salvinia molesta) - correct answer-Nonnative floating plant with thin
root-like fronds that hang beneath the water , hairs on the upper leaf surfaces are fused
at the top compared to being spread open on water fern
Mosquito fern ( Azolla caroliniana) - correct answer-native small flowering plant
composed of tiny, closely overlapping fronds , may be green, brownish-red or red, entire
plant is less than 1/2 inch across and roots hang beneath
Torpedograss ( Panicum repens) - correct answer-invasive emersed, perennial grass,
grows extensive rhizomes, leaves rolled and have fine hairs on upper surface, ring of
fine hairs at the base of leaf, seedheads are branched sharply upwards and flowers are
attached individually along branches, inflorescense open
Maidencane ( Panicum hemitomon) - correct answer-native emersed perennial grass
forms extensive rhizomes, submersed joints of rhizomes produce feathery roots, leaves
flat, wide and smooth, seedheads narrow, spike-like branches pressed upwards along
central stalk creating tightly enclosed inflorescence
, Paragrass ( Urochloa mutica) - correct answer-Invasive forms stems recline and root at
the nodes , leaves are flat and have very fine hairs on upper leaf surface, presence of
dense hairs at nodes and stiff hairs along collar where leaf sheath joins leaf blades
Southern watergrass ( Luzioloa fluitans) - correct answer-Native floating on water
surface or emersed , up to 1 ft tall, on shorelines and moist soils, leaf blades thin and
flat , flap of thin white tissue 1/6in long at top of leaf sheath
Southern bulrush, giant bulrush ( Schoenoplectus californicus) - correct answer-native
emersed, leafless, spongy, rounded , 3-angled stems 3-10 ft tall arise from thick
runners, flower cluster occurs at tend of stem 1/2-3 inch, bristles occur on softstem
bulrush
Slender spikerush or road-grass ( Eleocharis baldwinii) - correct answer-native has two
growth forms, occurs on moist soils at edge of ponds, erect and leafless stems 1-4 in
tall, stems long and proliferate throughout water column, leaves occur bladeless
sheaths at stem bases, seeds germinate on mother plant and form daughter plants
Soft rush ( Juncus effusus) - correct answer-native occurs as shoreline emergent plant,
stems are leafless, cylindrical , hollow, 2-4ft tall, flowers occur at end of stem and bract ,
basal chestnut colored sheaths at base of each stem
Pickerelweed ( Pontederia cordata) - correct answer-native emergent shoreline
perennial plant with creeping roots, about 3ft tall reach 6 ft tall, leaves tend to be
clusters and have long stalks, blades narrow or broad heart-shaped, each stem has leaf
and spike numerous violet-blue flowers
Duck Potato ( Sagittaria lancifolia) - correct answer-native emergent shoreline perennial
with thick creeping roots, leaves long and sword shaped, showy white three petaled
flowers in clusters or spikes borne above the leaves
Broad-leaf arrowhead ( Sagittaria latifolia) - correct answer-native leaves broad-leaf
arrowhead up to 8 in wide , sagittate with pointed lobes at base
Cattail ( Typha spp) - correct answer-Native emergent perennial arise from thick
rhizomes reach up to 10ft tall, leaves strap like rounded on one side, base of plant
leaves flattened in same plane, numerous flowers arise on green cylindrical spike,
maturity spike is brown, seeds start to disperse , spike comes apart looks puffy white
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% PASS
Rushes - correct answer-Have solid round stems and flowers that have two rings of
small, brown scale-like structures similar to petals
What are the aquatic plant growth habits? - correct answer-Submersed plants, emersed
plants, floating plants and floating leaf plants
Water fern ( Salvinia minima) - correct answer-Nonnative floating plant with paired
rounded fronds that have stiff, branched hairs on the upper surface, 3/4 in acrss and
thin root-like fronds hang beneath
Giant water fern ( Salvinia molesta) - correct answer-Nonnative floating plant with thin
root-like fronds that hang beneath the water , hairs on the upper leaf surfaces are fused
at the top compared to being spread open on water fern
Mosquito fern ( Azolla caroliniana) - correct answer-native small flowering plant
composed of tiny, closely overlapping fronds , may be green, brownish-red or red, entire
plant is less than 1/2 inch across and roots hang beneath
Torpedograss ( Panicum repens) - correct answer-invasive emersed, perennial grass,
grows extensive rhizomes, leaves rolled and have fine hairs on upper surface, ring of
fine hairs at the base of leaf, seedheads are branched sharply upwards and flowers are
attached individually along branches, inflorescense open
Maidencane ( Panicum hemitomon) - correct answer-native emersed perennial grass
forms extensive rhizomes, submersed joints of rhizomes produce feathery roots, leaves
flat, wide and smooth, seedheads narrow, spike-like branches pressed upwards along
central stalk creating tightly enclosed inflorescence
, Paragrass ( Urochloa mutica) - correct answer-Invasive forms stems recline and root at
the nodes , leaves are flat and have very fine hairs on upper leaf surface, presence of
dense hairs at nodes and stiff hairs along collar where leaf sheath joins leaf blades
Southern watergrass ( Luzioloa fluitans) - correct answer-Native floating on water
surface or emersed , up to 1 ft tall, on shorelines and moist soils, leaf blades thin and
flat , flap of thin white tissue 1/6in long at top of leaf sheath
Southern bulrush, giant bulrush ( Schoenoplectus californicus) - correct answer-native
emersed, leafless, spongy, rounded , 3-angled stems 3-10 ft tall arise from thick
runners, flower cluster occurs at tend of stem 1/2-3 inch, bristles occur on softstem
bulrush
Slender spikerush or road-grass ( Eleocharis baldwinii) - correct answer-native has two
growth forms, occurs on moist soils at edge of ponds, erect and leafless stems 1-4 in
tall, stems long and proliferate throughout water column, leaves occur bladeless
sheaths at stem bases, seeds germinate on mother plant and form daughter plants
Soft rush ( Juncus effusus) - correct answer-native occurs as shoreline emergent plant,
stems are leafless, cylindrical , hollow, 2-4ft tall, flowers occur at end of stem and bract ,
basal chestnut colored sheaths at base of each stem
Pickerelweed ( Pontederia cordata) - correct answer-native emergent shoreline
perennial plant with creeping roots, about 3ft tall reach 6 ft tall, leaves tend to be
clusters and have long stalks, blades narrow or broad heart-shaped, each stem has leaf
and spike numerous violet-blue flowers
Duck Potato ( Sagittaria lancifolia) - correct answer-native emergent shoreline perennial
with thick creeping roots, leaves long and sword shaped, showy white three petaled
flowers in clusters or spikes borne above the leaves
Broad-leaf arrowhead ( Sagittaria latifolia) - correct answer-native leaves broad-leaf
arrowhead up to 8 in wide , sagittate with pointed lobes at base
Cattail ( Typha spp) - correct answer-Native emergent perennial arise from thick
rhizomes reach up to 10ft tall, leaves strap like rounded on one side, base of plant
leaves flattened in same plane, numerous flowers arise on green cylindrical spike,
maturity spike is brown, seeds start to disperse , spike comes apart looks puffy white
