NURS 216 Cardiovascular – Questions With Proven
Solutions
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Sherpath: Diabetes Mellitus Chapter 21 Test Case Study 4 (Short
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Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study using Learn
We don't know the cause (90%)
Choose an answer
1 Cardiovascular disease 2 Peripheral resistance influence on BP
3 Idiopathic hypertension 4 Vasodilation - effects on the body
Don't know?
Terms in this set (104)
Cardiovascular disease Most frequent cause of death in Canada
Hypertension is the most common form of CVD
Idiopathic hypertension We don't know the cause (90%)
How do we target hypertension therapy? Treat it as a symptom for the rest of the patients life
When does clot formation become an Once we see clots forming - they can lodge in the heart,
issue? brain, or eyes
Average adult blood volume 5.5 L
Vasodilation - effects on the body Dizziness (decreased blood to the brain)
Decreased perfusion to vital organs
Headache
, Where are baroreceptors located? Carotid sinuses
Aortic arch
Glomerulus in kidneys
What part of the brain adjusts our BP Hypothalamus
according to the baroreceptors?
Adrenal gland: hypotension compensation Norepinephrine causes vasoconstriction
Aldosterone + prorenin = renin
Aldosterone decreases Na secretion, causing
vasoconstriction
Liver and renin 1. Produces angiotensin 1 (not active)
2. Produces angiotensin 2 (active), causing vasoconstriction
Posterior pituitary gland and hypotension Releases ADH
- Decreases urine production
- Increases vasoconstriction ("vasopressin")
Nitric oxide and hypotension Decreases Ca influx = vasodilation
Blood volume influence on BP Bleeding ↓
Fluid loss ↓
Fluid retention ↑
Peripheral resistance influence on BP SNS ↑ and PNS ↓ activity
Renin/angiotensin II ↑
Increase in blood viscosity (thickness) ↑
Cardiac output influence on BP Stroke volume
Heart rate
Components of blood 55% plasma
45% formed elements
Components of plasma 91% water
7% proteins (albumins, fibrinogen)
2% other solutes (electrolytes, nutrients)
Components of formed elements Red blood cells (millions)
Platelets (hundreds of thousands)
White blood cells (thousands)
Organs affected by hypertension Kidneys (failure)
Heart (CAD, failure, MI)
Brain (stroke, vascular dementia)
Eyes (retinal damage)
Symptoms of hypertension Blurry vision
Pale (hypoxia)
Shortness of breath
Edema "third spacing"
What is considered hypertension? >140
>130 for diabetic patients
Solutions
Save
Students also studied
Sherpath: Diabetes Mellitus Chapter 21 Test Case Study 4 (Short
30 terms 24 terms 22 terms
jesssbee Preview kenanderson2017 Preview Brittany182
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study using Learn
We don't know the cause (90%)
Choose an answer
1 Cardiovascular disease 2 Peripheral resistance influence on BP
3 Idiopathic hypertension 4 Vasodilation - effects on the body
Don't know?
Terms in this set (104)
Cardiovascular disease Most frequent cause of death in Canada
Hypertension is the most common form of CVD
Idiopathic hypertension We don't know the cause (90%)
How do we target hypertension therapy? Treat it as a symptom for the rest of the patients life
When does clot formation become an Once we see clots forming - they can lodge in the heart,
issue? brain, or eyes
Average adult blood volume 5.5 L
Vasodilation - effects on the body Dizziness (decreased blood to the brain)
Decreased perfusion to vital organs
Headache
, Where are baroreceptors located? Carotid sinuses
Aortic arch
Glomerulus in kidneys
What part of the brain adjusts our BP Hypothalamus
according to the baroreceptors?
Adrenal gland: hypotension compensation Norepinephrine causes vasoconstriction
Aldosterone + prorenin = renin
Aldosterone decreases Na secretion, causing
vasoconstriction
Liver and renin 1. Produces angiotensin 1 (not active)
2. Produces angiotensin 2 (active), causing vasoconstriction
Posterior pituitary gland and hypotension Releases ADH
- Decreases urine production
- Increases vasoconstriction ("vasopressin")
Nitric oxide and hypotension Decreases Ca influx = vasodilation
Blood volume influence on BP Bleeding ↓
Fluid loss ↓
Fluid retention ↑
Peripheral resistance influence on BP SNS ↑ and PNS ↓ activity
Renin/angiotensin II ↑
Increase in blood viscosity (thickness) ↑
Cardiac output influence on BP Stroke volume
Heart rate
Components of blood 55% plasma
45% formed elements
Components of plasma 91% water
7% proteins (albumins, fibrinogen)
2% other solutes (electrolytes, nutrients)
Components of formed elements Red blood cells (millions)
Platelets (hundreds of thousands)
White blood cells (thousands)
Organs affected by hypertension Kidneys (failure)
Heart (CAD, failure, MI)
Brain (stroke, vascular dementia)
Eyes (retinal damage)
Symptoms of hypertension Blurry vision
Pale (hypoxia)
Shortness of breath
Edema "third spacing"
What is considered hypertension? >140
>130 for diabetic patients
