A&P - Airframe Oral Exam (Jeppesen) || 100% Verified
Solutions.
Name several types of auxiliary flight controls and describe their general purpose? correct
answers high-lift devices used during low-speed flight. leading and trailing edge flaps, slats,
slots, speed brakes, etc.
What is the function of a vortex generator? correct answers delay or prevent separation of the
boundary layer.
What are the three axes of an airplane? correct answers Longitudinal, lateral, and vertical.
What are the three primary flight controls of an aircraft? correct answers ailerons, elevators,
and rudder.
Name several secondary flight controls and describe their general purpose? correct answers
trim tabs such as balance tabs, servo and anti-servo, and spring tabs. They assist the pilot in
moving the controls and trim the aircraft to fly hands-off.
What is a servo trim tab? correct answers aux control, positioned by the movement of a
primary control and designed to create aerodynamic forces to assist in moving a control
surface.
What is a spring tab? correct answers aux control designed to aid the movement of a primary
control at high speeds when control forces become too high.
What is a balance trim tab? correct answers aux tab positioned by a control rod designed to
create aerodynamic forces to assist in moving a control surface.
What are four most common types of high lift devices? correct answers Leading and trailing
edge flaps, slats, and slots.
Describe some of the tools used to check control surface travel? correct answers universal
prop protractor or special control surface protractor.
Name three mechanical methods by which flight control systems may be actuated. correct
answers Cables, push-pull rods, and torque tubes.
What is a fairlead? correct answers a device to prevent a cable from rubbing on the aircraft
structure.
What are the most likely places for a control cable to wear or break? correct answers Where
the cables pass over pulleys or through fairleads.
What information is required before a cable rigging chart can be used? correct answers
ambient temperature and cable size.
What is the function of a cable tension regulator? correct answers automatically adjusts the
cable tension to compensate for expansion and contraction in the aircraft structure.
,Describe the function of rotor craft collective pitch control. correct answers causes each rotor
blade to change pitch equally, thus increasing or decreasing lift.
Describe the function of a rotor craft cyclic pitch control. correct answers tilts the main rotor
disc by changing the pitch angle of each rotor blade during its cycle of rotation, which causes
the helicopter to move in the direction the rotor tilts.
What mechanism is most commonly used to compensate for the torque produced by the main
rotor of a helicopter? correct answers The tail (or anti-torque) rotor.
How is the amount of thrust produced by the tail rotor controlled? correct answers By moving
the foot pedals.
Why should a control surface be locked when an aircraft is parked? correct answers To
prevent damage from the wind.
What is the major type of damage to aluminum structures that is caused by exposure to the
weather? correct answers Corrosion.
Name several methods for forming sheet metal. correct answers Bending, folding, stretching,
shrinking, bumping, and crimping.
What are the dimensions of a properly formed rivet head? correct answers The head should
be 1 and 1/2 times the shank diameter in width and 1/2 the shank diameter in height.
Describe the markings found on the heads of A, B, D, AD, and DD rivets? correct answers A
rivets are plain, B rivets have a cross, D rivets have a raised dot, AD rivets have a dimple,
and DD rivets have a double dash.
What happens to the stem of a self-plugging (friction lock) rivet when the rivet is installed?
correct answers The stem is pulled until it snaps off and the remaining projecting part is
trimmed flush with the head.
Name at least three types of self-plugging mechanical lock rivets. correct answers
CherryMAX, CherryLOCK, OLYMPIC-LOK, and HuckLok.
What is the difference between the tools required to pull a CherryLOCK rivet and a
CherryMAX rivet? correct answers CherryLock rivets require a tool for each size and head
shape, while one pulling tool will set and size CherryMAX rivet.
Which of the five stresses is the most common cause of rivet failure? correct answers Shear.
If a 2024 rivet must be replaced with a 2117 rivet, how do you determine the size to be used?
correct answers For 5/32" or smaller diameter, use the next largest size 2117 rivet, assuming
that the edge distance and spacing meet minimum requirements.
Describe the process for determining the total length of a solid rivet for a particular
installation. correct answers Add the grip length (thickness of the materials being joined) plus
1 and 1/2 times the rivet diameter.
, What minimum edge distance and spacing should be used for a single row of protruding head
rivets? correct answers Not less than two rivet diameters from the edge and not less than three
rivet diameters apart.
How can a mechanic determine whether the countersink for a flush rivet should be dimpled
or drilled? correct answers By thickness of the top sheet; thin sheets dimpled and thick sheets
countersunk.
What action is taken to prevent cracks from forming while dimpling magnesium or some hard
sheet metals? correct answers Hot dimpling equipment is used to preheat and soften the metal
before the dimple is formed.
What type of damage can occur when using a rivet set that does not properly fit the rivet?
correct answers If the radius is too small, the rivet head may be damaged, whereas a set with
an over-sized radius may cause damage to the sheet metal.
Why is it important to use the proper size and weight bucking bar when performing sheet
metal riveting? correct answers If a bucking bar is too large or heavy it may be difficult to
control and cause damage to the surrounding structure, whereas too light will not properly
upset the rivet before work hardening occurs.
What procedures should be followed to properly remove a solid-shank rivet? correct answers
Center punch the rivet and then drill just to the base of the rivet head with the same size or
one size smaller drill. Once drilled, use a pin punch to tip off the rivet head and drive the
remaining shank out of the hole while supporting the surrounding metal.
What are the two special calculations that must be made bending sheet metal? correct
answers Bend allowance and setback.
What factors must be considered in order to determine setback? correct answers The
thickness of the metal and the bend radius.
What is done to a corner where two bends intersect to prevent cracking? correct answers
Relief holes are drilled in the corner.
What are the two reasons for installing a lightening hole in the sheet metal? correct answers
reduce weight and increase stiffness.
Describe a joggle and explain its function. correct answers A joggle is an offset formed at an
intersection of two or more sheets of metal to allow the multiple sheets to be stacked flat
against each other.
When repairing an all-metal aircraft, how do you determine what metal should be used?
correct answers Always use metal of the same type and thickness as the original
What are three forms of wood commonly used in aircraft construction? correct answers Solid,
laminated, and plywood.
Solutions.
Name several types of auxiliary flight controls and describe their general purpose? correct
answers high-lift devices used during low-speed flight. leading and trailing edge flaps, slats,
slots, speed brakes, etc.
What is the function of a vortex generator? correct answers delay or prevent separation of the
boundary layer.
What are the three axes of an airplane? correct answers Longitudinal, lateral, and vertical.
What are the three primary flight controls of an aircraft? correct answers ailerons, elevators,
and rudder.
Name several secondary flight controls and describe their general purpose? correct answers
trim tabs such as balance tabs, servo and anti-servo, and spring tabs. They assist the pilot in
moving the controls and trim the aircraft to fly hands-off.
What is a servo trim tab? correct answers aux control, positioned by the movement of a
primary control and designed to create aerodynamic forces to assist in moving a control
surface.
What is a spring tab? correct answers aux control designed to aid the movement of a primary
control at high speeds when control forces become too high.
What is a balance trim tab? correct answers aux tab positioned by a control rod designed to
create aerodynamic forces to assist in moving a control surface.
What are four most common types of high lift devices? correct answers Leading and trailing
edge flaps, slats, and slots.
Describe some of the tools used to check control surface travel? correct answers universal
prop protractor or special control surface protractor.
Name three mechanical methods by which flight control systems may be actuated. correct
answers Cables, push-pull rods, and torque tubes.
What is a fairlead? correct answers a device to prevent a cable from rubbing on the aircraft
structure.
What are the most likely places for a control cable to wear or break? correct answers Where
the cables pass over pulleys or through fairleads.
What information is required before a cable rigging chart can be used? correct answers
ambient temperature and cable size.
What is the function of a cable tension regulator? correct answers automatically adjusts the
cable tension to compensate for expansion and contraction in the aircraft structure.
,Describe the function of rotor craft collective pitch control. correct answers causes each rotor
blade to change pitch equally, thus increasing or decreasing lift.
Describe the function of a rotor craft cyclic pitch control. correct answers tilts the main rotor
disc by changing the pitch angle of each rotor blade during its cycle of rotation, which causes
the helicopter to move in the direction the rotor tilts.
What mechanism is most commonly used to compensate for the torque produced by the main
rotor of a helicopter? correct answers The tail (or anti-torque) rotor.
How is the amount of thrust produced by the tail rotor controlled? correct answers By moving
the foot pedals.
Why should a control surface be locked when an aircraft is parked? correct answers To
prevent damage from the wind.
What is the major type of damage to aluminum structures that is caused by exposure to the
weather? correct answers Corrosion.
Name several methods for forming sheet metal. correct answers Bending, folding, stretching,
shrinking, bumping, and crimping.
What are the dimensions of a properly formed rivet head? correct answers The head should
be 1 and 1/2 times the shank diameter in width and 1/2 the shank diameter in height.
Describe the markings found on the heads of A, B, D, AD, and DD rivets? correct answers A
rivets are plain, B rivets have a cross, D rivets have a raised dot, AD rivets have a dimple,
and DD rivets have a double dash.
What happens to the stem of a self-plugging (friction lock) rivet when the rivet is installed?
correct answers The stem is pulled until it snaps off and the remaining projecting part is
trimmed flush with the head.
Name at least three types of self-plugging mechanical lock rivets. correct answers
CherryMAX, CherryLOCK, OLYMPIC-LOK, and HuckLok.
What is the difference between the tools required to pull a CherryLOCK rivet and a
CherryMAX rivet? correct answers CherryLock rivets require a tool for each size and head
shape, while one pulling tool will set and size CherryMAX rivet.
Which of the five stresses is the most common cause of rivet failure? correct answers Shear.
If a 2024 rivet must be replaced with a 2117 rivet, how do you determine the size to be used?
correct answers For 5/32" or smaller diameter, use the next largest size 2117 rivet, assuming
that the edge distance and spacing meet minimum requirements.
Describe the process for determining the total length of a solid rivet for a particular
installation. correct answers Add the grip length (thickness of the materials being joined) plus
1 and 1/2 times the rivet diameter.
, What minimum edge distance and spacing should be used for a single row of protruding head
rivets? correct answers Not less than two rivet diameters from the edge and not less than three
rivet diameters apart.
How can a mechanic determine whether the countersink for a flush rivet should be dimpled
or drilled? correct answers By thickness of the top sheet; thin sheets dimpled and thick sheets
countersunk.
What action is taken to prevent cracks from forming while dimpling magnesium or some hard
sheet metals? correct answers Hot dimpling equipment is used to preheat and soften the metal
before the dimple is formed.
What type of damage can occur when using a rivet set that does not properly fit the rivet?
correct answers If the radius is too small, the rivet head may be damaged, whereas a set with
an over-sized radius may cause damage to the sheet metal.
Why is it important to use the proper size and weight bucking bar when performing sheet
metal riveting? correct answers If a bucking bar is too large or heavy it may be difficult to
control and cause damage to the surrounding structure, whereas too light will not properly
upset the rivet before work hardening occurs.
What procedures should be followed to properly remove a solid-shank rivet? correct answers
Center punch the rivet and then drill just to the base of the rivet head with the same size or
one size smaller drill. Once drilled, use a pin punch to tip off the rivet head and drive the
remaining shank out of the hole while supporting the surrounding metal.
What are the two special calculations that must be made bending sheet metal? correct
answers Bend allowance and setback.
What factors must be considered in order to determine setback? correct answers The
thickness of the metal and the bend radius.
What is done to a corner where two bends intersect to prevent cracking? correct answers
Relief holes are drilled in the corner.
What are the two reasons for installing a lightening hole in the sheet metal? correct answers
reduce weight and increase stiffness.
Describe a joggle and explain its function. correct answers A joggle is an offset formed at an
intersection of two or more sheets of metal to allow the multiple sheets to be stacked flat
against each other.
When repairing an all-metal aircraft, how do you determine what metal should be used?
correct answers Always use metal of the same type and thickness as the original
What are three forms of wood commonly used in aircraft construction? correct answers Solid,
laminated, and plywood.
