PSL300 ENDOCRINOLOGY MASTERING
A&P QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
__________A2allow(s)A2theA2bodyA2toA2predictA2thatA2aA2changeA2isA2aboutA2toA2occurA2an
dA2startA2theA2__________A2inA2anticipationA2ofA2theA2change.A2-A2Ans--
FeedforwardA2control,A2responseA2loop
AutocrineA2SignalsA2_____A2-A2Ans--actA2onA2theA2sameA2cellA2thatA2secretedA2them.
ResponsesA2toA2chemicalA2messengersA2producedA2byA2targetA2cellsA2varyA2inA2magnitud
eA2accordingA2toA2__________.A2-A2Ans---
A2theA2numberA2ofA2receptorsA2presentA2forA2theA2chemicalA2messenger
-theA2amountA2ofA2theA2messengerA2present
-A2theA2affinityA2ofA2theA2receptorA2forA2theA2messenger
ParacrinesA2andA2AutocrinesA2-A2Ans--
bothA2dependA2onA2diffusionA2asA2aA2meansA2toA2reachA2theirA2targetA2cellA2andA2differA2pr
imarilyA2inA2theirA2targets
SteroidA2hormonesA2areA2____A2-A2Ans---A2synthesizedA2fromA2cholesterol
-A2synthesizedA2onA2demandA2andA2releasedA2immediately
-A2membraneA2permeable
-A2synthesizedA2inA2theA2smoothA2endoplasmicA2reticulum
TheA2fastest-actingA2membrane-boundA2receptorsA2areA2__________.A2-A2Ans--
proteinsA2thatA2containA2bothA2theA2receptorA2andA2theA2channel
WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2statementsA2aboutA2GA2proteinsA2is(are)A2false?A2
GA2proteinsA2areA2alsoA2enzymes.
GA2proteinsA2canA2beA2stimulatoryA2orA2inhibitory.
Beta-
gammaA2subunitsA2canA2interactA2withA2effectorA2proteinsA2andA2GA2proteinsA2areA2alsoA2
enzymes.
, AlphaA2subunitsA2canA2interactA2withA2effectorA2proteins.
Beta-gammaA2subunitsA2canA2interactA2withA2effectorA2proteinsA2-A2Ans--
AllA2answersA2areA2trueA2andA2thusA2incorrect.
WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2statementsA2aboutA2methodsA2ofA2cell-to-
cellA2communicationA2isA2false?
LocalA2communicationA2betweenA2cellsA2isA2madeA2possibleA2byA2paracrinesA2andA2autoc
rinesA2thatA2diffuseA2throughA2theA2interstitialA2fluidA2compartment.
SignalA2moleculesA2canA2moveA2betweenA2adjacentA2cellsA2throughA2gapA2junctions.
CellA2adhesionA2moleculesA2(CAMs)A2haveA2cell-to-
cellA2communicationA2functionsA2inA2additionA2toA2theirA2roleA2inA2"gluing"A2cellsA2together.
MostA2long-
distanceA2communicationA2betweenA2cellsA2isA2accomplishedA2viaA2chemicalsA2knownA2a
sA2autocrinesA2andA2paracrines.A2-A2Ans--FALSE:A2MostA2long-
A2distanceA2communicationA2betweenA2cellsA2isA2accomplishedA2viaA2chemicalsA2knownA2
asA2autocrinesA2andA2parcrines
PutA2theA2followingA2eventsA2inA2theA2correctA2order:
A2
a.A2ChemicalA2messengerA2bindsA2toA2receptorA2onA2theA2targetA2cell.
b.A2AA2responseA2occursA2inA2theA2targetA2cell.
c.A2ChemicalA2messengerA2isA2secreted.
d.A2SignalA2transductionA2occursA2inA2theA2targetA2cell.A2-A2Ans--c,A2a,A2d,A2b
AA2cellA2thatA2respondsA2toA2aA2chemicalA2messengerA2secretedA2byA2anotherA2cellA2isA2c
alledA2theA2____________.A2-A2Ans--TargetA2Cell
InA2contrastA2toA2theA2nervousA2system,A2theA2endocrineA2systemA2_____A2-A2Ans--
producesA2long-
lastingA2effects,A2hasA2noA2directA2anatomicalA2linkA2betweenA2theA2siteA2ofA2secretionA2an
dA2theA2targetA2tissue,A2andA2oftenA2actsA2throughA2GA2proteins
ChemicalA2messengersA2thatA2mayA2requireA2aA2carrierA2proteinA2toA2moveA2throughA2the
A2bloodstreamA2include________
catecholamines
peptideA2hormones
paracrines
A&P QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
__________A2allow(s)A2theA2bodyA2toA2predictA2thatA2aA2changeA2isA2aboutA2toA2occurA2an
dA2startA2theA2__________A2inA2anticipationA2ofA2theA2change.A2-A2Ans--
FeedforwardA2control,A2responseA2loop
AutocrineA2SignalsA2_____A2-A2Ans--actA2onA2theA2sameA2cellA2thatA2secretedA2them.
ResponsesA2toA2chemicalA2messengersA2producedA2byA2targetA2cellsA2varyA2inA2magnitud
eA2accordingA2toA2__________.A2-A2Ans---
A2theA2numberA2ofA2receptorsA2presentA2forA2theA2chemicalA2messenger
-theA2amountA2ofA2theA2messengerA2present
-A2theA2affinityA2ofA2theA2receptorA2forA2theA2messenger
ParacrinesA2andA2AutocrinesA2-A2Ans--
bothA2dependA2onA2diffusionA2asA2aA2meansA2toA2reachA2theirA2targetA2cellA2andA2differA2pr
imarilyA2inA2theirA2targets
SteroidA2hormonesA2areA2____A2-A2Ans---A2synthesizedA2fromA2cholesterol
-A2synthesizedA2onA2demandA2andA2releasedA2immediately
-A2membraneA2permeable
-A2synthesizedA2inA2theA2smoothA2endoplasmicA2reticulum
TheA2fastest-actingA2membrane-boundA2receptorsA2areA2__________.A2-A2Ans--
proteinsA2thatA2containA2bothA2theA2receptorA2andA2theA2channel
WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2statementsA2aboutA2GA2proteinsA2is(are)A2false?A2
GA2proteinsA2areA2alsoA2enzymes.
GA2proteinsA2canA2beA2stimulatoryA2orA2inhibitory.
Beta-
gammaA2subunitsA2canA2interactA2withA2effectorA2proteinsA2andA2GA2proteinsA2areA2alsoA2
enzymes.
, AlphaA2subunitsA2canA2interactA2withA2effectorA2proteins.
Beta-gammaA2subunitsA2canA2interactA2withA2effectorA2proteinsA2-A2Ans--
AllA2answersA2areA2trueA2andA2thusA2incorrect.
WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2statementsA2aboutA2methodsA2ofA2cell-to-
cellA2communicationA2isA2false?
LocalA2communicationA2betweenA2cellsA2isA2madeA2possibleA2byA2paracrinesA2andA2autoc
rinesA2thatA2diffuseA2throughA2theA2interstitialA2fluidA2compartment.
SignalA2moleculesA2canA2moveA2betweenA2adjacentA2cellsA2throughA2gapA2junctions.
CellA2adhesionA2moleculesA2(CAMs)A2haveA2cell-to-
cellA2communicationA2functionsA2inA2additionA2toA2theirA2roleA2inA2"gluing"A2cellsA2together.
MostA2long-
distanceA2communicationA2betweenA2cellsA2isA2accomplishedA2viaA2chemicalsA2knownA2a
sA2autocrinesA2andA2paracrines.A2-A2Ans--FALSE:A2MostA2long-
A2distanceA2communicationA2betweenA2cellsA2isA2accomplishedA2viaA2chemicalsA2knownA2
asA2autocrinesA2andA2parcrines
PutA2theA2followingA2eventsA2inA2theA2correctA2order:
A2
a.A2ChemicalA2messengerA2bindsA2toA2receptorA2onA2theA2targetA2cell.
b.A2AA2responseA2occursA2inA2theA2targetA2cell.
c.A2ChemicalA2messengerA2isA2secreted.
d.A2SignalA2transductionA2occursA2inA2theA2targetA2cell.A2-A2Ans--c,A2a,A2d,A2b
AA2cellA2thatA2respondsA2toA2aA2chemicalA2messengerA2secretedA2byA2anotherA2cellA2isA2c
alledA2theA2____________.A2-A2Ans--TargetA2Cell
InA2contrastA2toA2theA2nervousA2system,A2theA2endocrineA2systemA2_____A2-A2Ans--
producesA2long-
lastingA2effects,A2hasA2noA2directA2anatomicalA2linkA2betweenA2theA2siteA2ofA2secretionA2an
dA2theA2targetA2tissue,A2andA2oftenA2actsA2throughA2GA2proteins
ChemicalA2messengersA2thatA2mayA2requireA2aA2carrierA2proteinA2toA2moveA2throughA2the
A2bloodstreamA2include________
catecholamines
peptideA2hormones
paracrines