Optometry Exam 1
Primary Care - Answer-An area of specialty involved in the diagnosis and management of ocular disease,
refractive error, and the co-management of oculo-systemic disease; patients aged 12-100+
Pediatrics - Answer-An area of specialty in which patients are typically 6 months-12 years old,
sometimes older; diagnose and manage infants and children, traumatic brain injuries, developmental
disabilities, strabismus, amblyopia, binocular vision disorders, accommodative and ocular motility
disorders, and vision related learning problems
Vision Rehabilitation - Answer-An area of specialty in which the examination, treatment, and
management of patients with visual impairments which cannot be fully treatable by medical, surgical, or
conventional eyewear or contact lenses; can involve the use of low vision aids such as magnifiers,
specialized optical systems, therapeutic filters, non-optical options, and/or video magnification, and the
prescription of rehabilitation therapy to effectively maximize visual functioning for activities of daily
living
Contact Lenses/Cornea - Answer-An area of specialty involving management of anterior segment
disease including fitting of specialty contact lenses for conditions including keratoconus, presbyopia,
aphakia, high astigmatism, corneal reshaping, and post-surgical corneas
Ocular Disease - Answer-An area of specialty involving management of ocular disease including but not
limited to neuro-ophthalmic, vitreo-retinal, glaucoma, and emergency
Areas of Specialty - Answer-Primary Care
Pediatrics
Vision Rehabilitation
,Contact Lenses/Cornea
Ocular Disease
Components of Visual Function - Answer-Optics/Refractive Error
Binocular Vision/Functional Vision
Ocular Health
Optics/Refractive Error - Answer-One of three aspects of visual function; refractive errors occur when
light does not focus on the retina after passing through the cornea and lens; emmetropia, hyperopia,
myopia
Emmetropia - Answer-Light passes through the cornea and lens and focuses on the retina; NORMAL
vision
Hyperopia - Answer-Light that enters the eye is too weak and focuses behind the retina; farsightedness;
can't see near; eye is too short
Myopia - Answer-Light that enters the eye is too strong and focuses in front of the retina;
nearsightedness; can't see far; eye is too long
Binocular Vision/Functional Vision - Answer-One of the three components of visual function; how the
eyes work together as a team in order to see close objects clearly and comfortably; symptoms are
asthenopia (eyestrain), headache, blurry vision, double vision, tired eyes, tiredness during reading,
avoidance of near activities, dislike of reading; there is a higher prevalence of vergence disorders in both
pediatric and geriatric and higher prevalence of accommodative disorders in pediatric
The teamwork of the eyes in binocular vision depends on... - Answer-alignment of the eyes and focusing
ability
, Dysfunctions of the Vergence and Accommodative Systems (Binocular Vision) - Answer-Functional vision
disorders
Binocular vision disorders
Near point disorders
Ocular Health - Answer-One of the three components of visual function that involves eye health
problems; can be due to problem with anatomical structure of eye (ex: cataracts) or a systemic medical
condition that affects the eye (ex: hypertensive retinopathy
Components of Comprehensive Exam - Answer-Case History
Entrance Testing
Refraction
Binocular/Near Tests
Ocular Health
Patient Education
Case History - Answer-Part of the comprehensive eye exam in which doctor/patient relationship is
initiated; investigation of medical and ocular history, development of differential diagnoses,
determination of additional tests to identify cause of chief complaint
Entrance Testing Eye Exam Components - Answer-Different functions of the eye are tested to
preliminarily determine if each is functioning properly
Visual Acuity
Pupil Testing
Confrontation Visual Field (CVF)
Extraocular Muscles (EOM)
Cover Test (CT)
Primary Care - Answer-An area of specialty involved in the diagnosis and management of ocular disease,
refractive error, and the co-management of oculo-systemic disease; patients aged 12-100+
Pediatrics - Answer-An area of specialty in which patients are typically 6 months-12 years old,
sometimes older; diagnose and manage infants and children, traumatic brain injuries, developmental
disabilities, strabismus, amblyopia, binocular vision disorders, accommodative and ocular motility
disorders, and vision related learning problems
Vision Rehabilitation - Answer-An area of specialty in which the examination, treatment, and
management of patients with visual impairments which cannot be fully treatable by medical, surgical, or
conventional eyewear or contact lenses; can involve the use of low vision aids such as magnifiers,
specialized optical systems, therapeutic filters, non-optical options, and/or video magnification, and the
prescription of rehabilitation therapy to effectively maximize visual functioning for activities of daily
living
Contact Lenses/Cornea - Answer-An area of specialty involving management of anterior segment
disease including fitting of specialty contact lenses for conditions including keratoconus, presbyopia,
aphakia, high astigmatism, corneal reshaping, and post-surgical corneas
Ocular Disease - Answer-An area of specialty involving management of ocular disease including but not
limited to neuro-ophthalmic, vitreo-retinal, glaucoma, and emergency
Areas of Specialty - Answer-Primary Care
Pediatrics
Vision Rehabilitation
,Contact Lenses/Cornea
Ocular Disease
Components of Visual Function - Answer-Optics/Refractive Error
Binocular Vision/Functional Vision
Ocular Health
Optics/Refractive Error - Answer-One of three aspects of visual function; refractive errors occur when
light does not focus on the retina after passing through the cornea and lens; emmetropia, hyperopia,
myopia
Emmetropia - Answer-Light passes through the cornea and lens and focuses on the retina; NORMAL
vision
Hyperopia - Answer-Light that enters the eye is too weak and focuses behind the retina; farsightedness;
can't see near; eye is too short
Myopia - Answer-Light that enters the eye is too strong and focuses in front of the retina;
nearsightedness; can't see far; eye is too long
Binocular Vision/Functional Vision - Answer-One of the three components of visual function; how the
eyes work together as a team in order to see close objects clearly and comfortably; symptoms are
asthenopia (eyestrain), headache, blurry vision, double vision, tired eyes, tiredness during reading,
avoidance of near activities, dislike of reading; there is a higher prevalence of vergence disorders in both
pediatric and geriatric and higher prevalence of accommodative disorders in pediatric
The teamwork of the eyes in binocular vision depends on... - Answer-alignment of the eyes and focusing
ability
, Dysfunctions of the Vergence and Accommodative Systems (Binocular Vision) - Answer-Functional vision
disorders
Binocular vision disorders
Near point disorders
Ocular Health - Answer-One of the three components of visual function that involves eye health
problems; can be due to problem with anatomical structure of eye (ex: cataracts) or a systemic medical
condition that affects the eye (ex: hypertensive retinopathy
Components of Comprehensive Exam - Answer-Case History
Entrance Testing
Refraction
Binocular/Near Tests
Ocular Health
Patient Education
Case History - Answer-Part of the comprehensive eye exam in which doctor/patient relationship is
initiated; investigation of medical and ocular history, development of differential diagnoses,
determination of additional tests to identify cause of chief complaint
Entrance Testing Eye Exam Components - Answer-Different functions of the eye are tested to
preliminarily determine if each is functioning properly
Visual Acuity
Pupil Testing
Confrontation Visual Field (CVF)
Extraocular Muscles (EOM)
Cover Test (CT)
