Foundations Exam Questions and Answers
1. 1. Law Enforcement - investigate crimes and apprehend alleged criminals
- pass you to the court system
2. 2. Courts - interpret and apply laws that are passed by politicians
- prosecutor argues against accused
- judge ensures proper procedure
3. 3. Corrections - jail, parole, house arrest, etc.
- protect society from criminals via housing and programs
4. Kansas Courts - 7 Supreme Justices
- 14 Appeal Judges
- 31 District Courts
- Municipal Court
* The higher court sets the precedent*
5. Size of the System - 6.7 mil people in corrections in 2015
- 2.2 mil incarcerated
6. Cost of the System - CJ System employs 2.4 mil people for annual cost of 212 billion
dollars
7. Jail vs. Prison - jail is short term and typically non-violent crimes
- prison is long term and more serious crimes
8. Probation vs. Parole - Probation occurs instead of jail or prison time
- Parole is an early release from prison
- In both probation and parole, the party is supervised and expect-
ed to follow certain rules and guidelines.
9. Incarceration Stats Men: 847/100,000
Women: 64/100,000
- Minorities in poverty are more likely to be arrested
, Foundations Exam Questions and Answers
10. The Victim - the person who is attacked
- crucial witness to the crime
11. Victim advocate - professional who assists the victim during the court case
12. Inalienable Rights - rights the government cannot take away
13. judicial activism Deviation from the literal meaning of the Constitution to take
into account the present situation, including complex societal ad-
vances
ex. 9/11 and changes in privacy policies
14. What is a crime? - violation of law
15. Street crime - involves a victim and offender who overlap in public
- likely between people who know each other
- ex. robbery, rape, murder
- don't normally involve weapons
16. Property crime - crimes against property
- more common than street crimes
- ex. burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson
17. Victimless crime - activities against the law but that do not result in injury to any
individual other than the person who engages in them
- ex. gambling, prostitution
18. White collar crime - wide range of fraud to obtain money/power
- ex. bribery, insider trading
- more common than property and street crimes
19. Cybercrime - criminal activity associated with a computer
- diflcult to investigate at local levels
- ex. stalking, network intrusion, child porn
1. 1. Law Enforcement - investigate crimes and apprehend alleged criminals
- pass you to the court system
2. 2. Courts - interpret and apply laws that are passed by politicians
- prosecutor argues against accused
- judge ensures proper procedure
3. 3. Corrections - jail, parole, house arrest, etc.
- protect society from criminals via housing and programs
4. Kansas Courts - 7 Supreme Justices
- 14 Appeal Judges
- 31 District Courts
- Municipal Court
* The higher court sets the precedent*
5. Size of the System - 6.7 mil people in corrections in 2015
- 2.2 mil incarcerated
6. Cost of the System - CJ System employs 2.4 mil people for annual cost of 212 billion
dollars
7. Jail vs. Prison - jail is short term and typically non-violent crimes
- prison is long term and more serious crimes
8. Probation vs. Parole - Probation occurs instead of jail or prison time
- Parole is an early release from prison
- In both probation and parole, the party is supervised and expect-
ed to follow certain rules and guidelines.
9. Incarceration Stats Men: 847/100,000
Women: 64/100,000
- Minorities in poverty are more likely to be arrested
, Foundations Exam Questions and Answers
10. The Victim - the person who is attacked
- crucial witness to the crime
11. Victim advocate - professional who assists the victim during the court case
12. Inalienable Rights - rights the government cannot take away
13. judicial activism Deviation from the literal meaning of the Constitution to take
into account the present situation, including complex societal ad-
vances
ex. 9/11 and changes in privacy policies
14. What is a crime? - violation of law
15. Street crime - involves a victim and offender who overlap in public
- likely between people who know each other
- ex. robbery, rape, murder
- don't normally involve weapons
16. Property crime - crimes against property
- more common than street crimes
- ex. burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson
17. Victimless crime - activities against the law but that do not result in injury to any
individual other than the person who engages in them
- ex. gambling, prostitution
18. White collar crime - wide range of fraud to obtain money/power
- ex. bribery, insider trading
- more common than property and street crimes
19. Cybercrime - criminal activity associated with a computer
- diflcult to investigate at local levels
- ex. stalking, network intrusion, child porn
