A REVIEW FOR THE FINAL (NUR 105)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
THAA2-A2Post-OpA2-A2PromotingA2mobilityA2&A2activityA2-A2Ans--
BeA2sureA2toA2assistA2theA2ptA2theA21stA2timeA2he/
sheA2getsA2outA2ofA2bedA2toA2preventA2fallsA2&A2observeA2forA2dizziness.A2WhenA2gettingA2
theA2ptA2outA2ofA2bed,A2standA2onA2theA2sameA2sideA2ofA2theA2bedA2asA2theA2affectedA2leg.A
2AfterA2theA2ptA2sitsA2onA2theA2sideA2ofA2theA2bed,A2remindA2himA2orA2herA2toA2standA2onA2t
heA2unaffectedA2legA2&A2pivotA2toA2theA2chairA2withA2guidance.A2*ToA2avoidA2injury,A2doA2n
otA2liftA2theA2pt!*
THAA2-A2WhatA2shouldA2beA2observedA2post-procedure?A2-A2Ans--
ObserveA2forA2possibleA2signsA2ofA2hipA2dislocation,A2whichA2includeA2severeA2hipA2*pain*,
A2shorteningA2ofA2theA2affectedA2leg,A2&A2legA2rotation.A2IfA2anyA2ofA2theseA2clinicalA2manif
estationsA2occur,A2keepA2theA2ptA2inA2bedA2&A2notifyA2theA2surgeonA2immediately!
TotalA2HipA2ArthroplastyA2(THA)A2-A2preventingA2hipA2dislocationA2-A2Ans--
TeachA2ptsA2toA2maintainA2correctA2positioningA2@A2allA2times.A2WhenA2theA2ptA2returnsA2f
romA2theA2PACU,A2placeA2him/
herA2inA2aA2supineA2positionA2withA2theA2headA2slightlyA2elevated.A2PlaceA2aA2regularA2orA2
abductionA2pillowA2b/
tA2theA2pt'sA2legsA2toA2preventA2adductionA2beyondA2theA2midlineA2ofA2theA2bodyA2accordin
gA2toA2agencyA2policyA2orA2surgeonA2preference.
OsteoarthritisA2(OA)A2-A2ColdA2therapyA2teachingA2-A2Ans--
TeachA2theA2ptA2toA2useA2iceA2packsA2thatA2areA2notA2tooA2heavy.A2DoA2notA2placeA2themA2
directlyA2onA2skin;A2instead,A2wrapA2themA2inA2aA2towelA2orA2softA2cloth.
OAA2-A2COX-2A2inhibitingA2drugsA2&A2NSAIDsA2-A2Considerations,A2TeachingA2-A2Ans--
AllA2ofA2theA2COX-
2A2inhibitingA2drugsA2areA2thoughtA2toA2causeA2cardiovascularA2disease,A2suchA2asA2MI,A2
&A2kidneyA2problems.A2OlderA2NSAIDs,A2suchA2asA2ibuprofen,A2canA2causeA2severeA2GIA2
sideA2effects,A2bleeding,A2&A2acuteA2kidneyA2failure.A2Therefore,A2theyA2areA2prescribedA2
@A2theA2lowestA2effectiveA2doseA2forA2aA2shortA2periodA2ofA2time.A2TeachA2yourA2ptA2about
A2adverseA2effectsA2fromA2NSAIDsA2&A2theA2needA2toA2reportA2themA2toA2hisA2orA2herA2HC
P.A2ExamplesA2includeA2havingA2dark,A2tarryA2stools;A2SOB;A2edema;A2frequentA2dyspeps
iaA2(indigestion);A2*hematemesis*;A2&A2changesA2inA2urinaryA2output.
WhatA2isA2theA2*primary*A2drugA2ofA2choiceA2forA2OA?A2Why?A2-A2Ans--
Acetaminophen,A2bcA2OAA2isA2notA2aA2primaryA2anti-inflammatoryA2disorder.
,AcetaminophenA2-A2RiskA2&A2TeachingA2-A2Ans--
PtsA2areA2@A2riskA2forA2liverA2damageA2ifA2theyA2takeA2moreA2thanA23,000A2mgA2dailyA2ofA2
acetaminophen,A2haveA2alcoholism,A2orA2haveA2liverA2disease.A2OlderA2adultsA2areA2parti
cularlyA2@A2riskA2bcA2ofA2*normalA2changesA2ofA2aging*,A2suchA2asA2slowedA2excretionA2of
A2drugA2metabolites.A2RemindA2ptsA2toA2readA2theA2labelsA2ofA2OTCA2orA2prescriptionA2dru
gsA2thatA2couldA2containA2acetaminophenA2beforeA2takingA2them.A2TeachA2themA2thatA2th
eirA2liverA2enzymeA2levelsA2willA2beA2monitoredA2whileA2takingA2thisA2drug.
SprainsA2&A2strainsA2-immediateA2txA2(RICE)A2-A2Ans--
(a)A2RICE:A2Rest,A2Ice,A2Compression,A2Elevation
(b)A2ICES:A2Ice,A2Compression,A2Elevation,A2Support
(1)A2RestA2theA2injuredA2part
(2)A2IceA2immediatelyA2(maximumA230A2minsA2@A2aA2time)
(3)A2WetA2elasticA2bandageA2forA2compression
(4)A2ElevationA2ofA2theA2extremity
(5)A2ImmobilizationA2&A2supportA2(castsA2orA2splints)
FracturesA2-A2SimpleA2orA2closedA2-A2Ans--
FractureA2doesA2notA2produceA2aA2breakA2inA2theA2skin
FracturesA2-A2PathologicA2orA2spontaneousA2-A2Ans--
OccurA2afterA2minimalA2traumaA2toA2aA2boneA2thatA2hasA2beenA2weakenedA2byA2disease.A2
(EX:A2ptA2/cA2boneA2cancerA2orA2osteoporosisA2canA2easilyA2haveA2thisA2fracture)
FracturesA2-A2FatigueA2orA2StressA2-A2Ans--
ResultsA2fromA2excessiveA2strainA2&A2stressA2onA2theA2bone;A2commonlyA2seenA2inA2recre
ationalA2&A2professionalA2athletes
FracturesA2-A2CompressionA2-A2Ans--
ProducedA2byA2aA2loadingA2*forceA2applied*A2toA2theA2longA2axisA2ofA2cancellousA2bone;A2
commonlyA2seenA2inA2theA2vertebraeA2ofA2olderA2ptsA2withA2osteoporosisA2&A2areA2extrem
elyA2painful
FracturesA2-A2ComplicatedA2-A2Ans--
BoneA2fragmentsA2causeA2damageA2toA2otherA2organsA2orA2tissues
FracturesA2-A2ComminutedA2-A2Ans--
SmallA2fragmentsA2ofA2boneA2areA2brokenA2fromA2theA2fracturedA2shaftA2&A2lieA2inA2theA2su
rroundingA2tissue
FracturesA2-A2CompoundA2orA2openA2-A2Ans--
FracturedA2boneA2protrudesA2throughA2theA2skin
FracturesA2-A2IncompleteA2-A2Ans--WhenA2fractureA2fragmentsA2remainA2attached
FracturesA2-A2CompleteA2-A2Ans--WhenA2fractureA2fragmentsA2areA2separated
,FracturesA2-A2GreenstickA2-A2Ans--
CompressedA2sideA2ofA2theA2boneA2bendsA2butA2theA2tensionA2sideA2ofA2theA2boneA2break
s,A2causingA2anA2incompleteA2fractureA2(*MostA2commonA2fractureA2inA2children*)
CastsA2-A2SyntheticA2(Fiberglass)
(KnowA2theA2differencesA2b/
tA2fiberglassA2&A2plaster,A2whyA2oneA2mayA2beA2usedA2versusA2another)A2-A2Ans--
(•)A2Lightweight,A2varietyA2ofA2colorsA2available
(•)A2MoreA2expensive
(•)A2DriesA2rapidlyA2inA25A2toA230A2mins
(•)A2RoughA2exterior,A2whichA2mayA2scratchA2surfacesA2&A2doesn'tA2moldA2closelyA2toA2bo
dyA2parts
(•)A2PermitsA2earlierA2weightA2bearing
CastsA2-A2Plaster
(KnowA2theA2differencesA2b/
tA2fiberglassA2&A2plaster,A2whyA2oneA2mayA2beA2usedA2versusA2another)A2-A2Ans--
(•)A2Inexpensive
(•)A2DriesA2inA210A2toA272A2hrs
(•)A2MoldsA2closelyA2toA2bodyA2parts
(•)A2HasA2aA2smoothA2exterior
FracturesA2-
A2Assessment,A2HowA2toA2assessA2forA2IschemiaA2(TheA26A2P'sA2ofA2IschemiaA2-
A2CompartmentA2syndrome)A2-A2Ans--
(1)A2*Pain*:A2NotA2relievedA2byA2analgesicsA2orA2elevationA2ofA2theA2limb,A2movementA2tha
tA2increasesA2pain
(2)A2*Pulselessness*A2(distalA2toA2theA2fractureA2site):A2InabilityA2toA2palpateA2aA2pulseA2di
stalA2toA2theA2fracture
(3)A2*Pallor*:A2PaleA2skin,A2poorA2perfusion,A2capillaryA2refillA2>A23A2secs
(4)A2*Paresthesia*:A2TinglingA2orA2burningA2sensation
(5)A2*Paralysis*:A2InabilityA2toA2moveA2extremityA2orA2digits
(6)A2*Pressure*:A2InvolvedA2limbA2orA2digitsA2mayA2feelA2tenseA2&A2warm,A2skinA2isA2tight,A
2shiny;A2pressureA2withinA2compartmentA2isA2elevated
CastsA2-
A2castA2care,A2ptA2teachingA2/
cA2casts,A2handlingA2ofA2wetA2casts,A2positioningA2/
cA2aA2cast,A2&A2potentialA2complicationsA2thatA2canA2occurA2/
cA2castsA2(hotA2spots,A2acuteA2compartmentA2syndrome)A2-A2Ans--
(A)A2KeepA2castA2uncoveredA2toA2allowA2dryingA2fromA2theA2insideA2out
, (B)A2NeverA2useA2heatedA2fansA2orA2dryersA2-
A2causeA2theA2castA2toA2dryA2onA2theA2outsideA2&A2remainA2wetA2underneath;A2canA2cause
A2burnsA2toA2underlyingA2tissueA2beneathA2cast
(C)A2HandleA2aA2wetA2castA2/
cA2theA2palmsA2ofA2theA2handsA2toA2preventA2indentation,A2whichA2canA2createA2pressureA2
areas
(D)A2AfterA2aA2plasterA2castA2hasA2dried,A2"hotA2spots"A2feltA2onA2theA2castA2surfaceA2orA2aA
2foul-smellingA2odorA2mayA2indicateA2anA2infection
(E)A2MonitorA2forA2compartmentA2syndrome!
ClinicalA2ManifestationsA2ofA2FractureA2-A2Ans--(a)A2GeneralizedA2swelling
(b)A2PainA2orA2tenderness
(c)A2Deformity
(d)A2DiminishedA2functionalA2useA2ofA2affectedA2limbA2orA2digit
(e)A2MayA2haveA2bruising,A2severeA2muscularA2rigidity,A2&A2crepitus
FracturesA2-A2Dx,A2txA2-A2Ans--(1)A2DiagnosticA2evaluation
(a)A2X-rayA2isA2theA2*mostA2useful*A2diagnosticA2tool
(2)A2TherapeuticA2managementA2goals
(a)A2SplintsA2orA2castsA2toA2immobilizeA2&A2protectA2theA2injuredA2extremityA2untilA2adequa
teA2callusA2isA2formed
(b)A2MayA2needA2surgicalA2txA2forA2displacedA2fractures
PurposeA2ofA2traction?A2-A2Ans--(a)A2ToA2provideA2restA2forA2anA2extremity
(b)A2ToA2positionA2forA2boneA2healing
(c)A2ToA2immobilizeA2aA2fractureA2untilA2healingA2isA2sufficientA2toA2permitA2castingA2orA2spl
inting
(d)A2ToA2helpA2preventA2orA2improveA2contractureA2deformity
(e)A2ToA2provideA2immobilization
(f)A2ToA2reduceA2muscleA2spasms
NursingA2considerationA2duringA2castA2removal?A2-A2Ans--
(a)A2PrepareA2ptA2forA2procedureA2ofA2castA2removal
(b)A2WhenA2removedA2skinA2willA2beA2cakedA2/cA2skinA2&A2sebaceousA2secretions
(•)A2SoakA2extremityA2inA2bathtubA2forA2removalA2&A2applyA2mineralA2oilA2orA2lotion
(•)A2InstructA2toA2avoidA2vigorousA2scrubbingA2-A2canA2causeA2excoriationA2&A2bleeding
HowA2doA2youA2reduceA2theA2chanceA2ofA2compartmentA2syndromeA2fromA2occurring?A2-
A2Ans--(•)A2ElevateA2theA2bodyA2part,A2increasingA2venousA2return
(•)A2PermanentA2muscleA2&A2tissueA2damageA2canA2occurA2withinA2aA2fewA2hrs,A2reportA2a
nyA2swellingA2ofA2fingers/toes
TractionA2-A2BryantA2tractionA2-A2Ans--SkinA2tractionA2withA2theA2legsA2flexedA2@A2aA290-
degreeA2angleA2@A2theA2hip
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
THAA2-A2Post-OpA2-A2PromotingA2mobilityA2&A2activityA2-A2Ans--
BeA2sureA2toA2assistA2theA2ptA2theA21stA2timeA2he/
sheA2getsA2outA2ofA2bedA2toA2preventA2fallsA2&A2observeA2forA2dizziness.A2WhenA2gettingA2
theA2ptA2outA2ofA2bed,A2standA2onA2theA2sameA2sideA2ofA2theA2bedA2asA2theA2affectedA2leg.A
2AfterA2theA2ptA2sitsA2onA2theA2sideA2ofA2theA2bed,A2remindA2himA2orA2herA2toA2standA2onA2t
heA2unaffectedA2legA2&A2pivotA2toA2theA2chairA2withA2guidance.A2*ToA2avoidA2injury,A2doA2n
otA2liftA2theA2pt!*
THAA2-A2WhatA2shouldA2beA2observedA2post-procedure?A2-A2Ans--
ObserveA2forA2possibleA2signsA2ofA2hipA2dislocation,A2whichA2includeA2severeA2hipA2*pain*,
A2shorteningA2ofA2theA2affectedA2leg,A2&A2legA2rotation.A2IfA2anyA2ofA2theseA2clinicalA2manif
estationsA2occur,A2keepA2theA2ptA2inA2bedA2&A2notifyA2theA2surgeonA2immediately!
TotalA2HipA2ArthroplastyA2(THA)A2-A2preventingA2hipA2dislocationA2-A2Ans--
TeachA2ptsA2toA2maintainA2correctA2positioningA2@A2allA2times.A2WhenA2theA2ptA2returnsA2f
romA2theA2PACU,A2placeA2him/
herA2inA2aA2supineA2positionA2withA2theA2headA2slightlyA2elevated.A2PlaceA2aA2regularA2orA2
abductionA2pillowA2b/
tA2theA2pt'sA2legsA2toA2preventA2adductionA2beyondA2theA2midlineA2ofA2theA2bodyA2accordin
gA2toA2agencyA2policyA2orA2surgeonA2preference.
OsteoarthritisA2(OA)A2-A2ColdA2therapyA2teachingA2-A2Ans--
TeachA2theA2ptA2toA2useA2iceA2packsA2thatA2areA2notA2tooA2heavy.A2DoA2notA2placeA2themA2
directlyA2onA2skin;A2instead,A2wrapA2themA2inA2aA2towelA2orA2softA2cloth.
OAA2-A2COX-2A2inhibitingA2drugsA2&A2NSAIDsA2-A2Considerations,A2TeachingA2-A2Ans--
AllA2ofA2theA2COX-
2A2inhibitingA2drugsA2areA2thoughtA2toA2causeA2cardiovascularA2disease,A2suchA2asA2MI,A2
&A2kidneyA2problems.A2OlderA2NSAIDs,A2suchA2asA2ibuprofen,A2canA2causeA2severeA2GIA2
sideA2effects,A2bleeding,A2&A2acuteA2kidneyA2failure.A2Therefore,A2theyA2areA2prescribedA2
@A2theA2lowestA2effectiveA2doseA2forA2aA2shortA2periodA2ofA2time.A2TeachA2yourA2ptA2about
A2adverseA2effectsA2fromA2NSAIDsA2&A2theA2needA2toA2reportA2themA2toA2hisA2orA2herA2HC
P.A2ExamplesA2includeA2havingA2dark,A2tarryA2stools;A2SOB;A2edema;A2frequentA2dyspeps
iaA2(indigestion);A2*hematemesis*;A2&A2changesA2inA2urinaryA2output.
WhatA2isA2theA2*primary*A2drugA2ofA2choiceA2forA2OA?A2Why?A2-A2Ans--
Acetaminophen,A2bcA2OAA2isA2notA2aA2primaryA2anti-inflammatoryA2disorder.
,AcetaminophenA2-A2RiskA2&A2TeachingA2-A2Ans--
PtsA2areA2@A2riskA2forA2liverA2damageA2ifA2theyA2takeA2moreA2thanA23,000A2mgA2dailyA2ofA2
acetaminophen,A2haveA2alcoholism,A2orA2haveA2liverA2disease.A2OlderA2adultsA2areA2parti
cularlyA2@A2riskA2bcA2ofA2*normalA2changesA2ofA2aging*,A2suchA2asA2slowedA2excretionA2of
A2drugA2metabolites.A2RemindA2ptsA2toA2readA2theA2labelsA2ofA2OTCA2orA2prescriptionA2dru
gsA2thatA2couldA2containA2acetaminophenA2beforeA2takingA2them.A2TeachA2themA2thatA2th
eirA2liverA2enzymeA2levelsA2willA2beA2monitoredA2whileA2takingA2thisA2drug.
SprainsA2&A2strainsA2-immediateA2txA2(RICE)A2-A2Ans--
(a)A2RICE:A2Rest,A2Ice,A2Compression,A2Elevation
(b)A2ICES:A2Ice,A2Compression,A2Elevation,A2Support
(1)A2RestA2theA2injuredA2part
(2)A2IceA2immediatelyA2(maximumA230A2minsA2@A2aA2time)
(3)A2WetA2elasticA2bandageA2forA2compression
(4)A2ElevationA2ofA2theA2extremity
(5)A2ImmobilizationA2&A2supportA2(castsA2orA2splints)
FracturesA2-A2SimpleA2orA2closedA2-A2Ans--
FractureA2doesA2notA2produceA2aA2breakA2inA2theA2skin
FracturesA2-A2PathologicA2orA2spontaneousA2-A2Ans--
OccurA2afterA2minimalA2traumaA2toA2aA2boneA2thatA2hasA2beenA2weakenedA2byA2disease.A2
(EX:A2ptA2/cA2boneA2cancerA2orA2osteoporosisA2canA2easilyA2haveA2thisA2fracture)
FracturesA2-A2FatigueA2orA2StressA2-A2Ans--
ResultsA2fromA2excessiveA2strainA2&A2stressA2onA2theA2bone;A2commonlyA2seenA2inA2recre
ationalA2&A2professionalA2athletes
FracturesA2-A2CompressionA2-A2Ans--
ProducedA2byA2aA2loadingA2*forceA2applied*A2toA2theA2longA2axisA2ofA2cancellousA2bone;A2
commonlyA2seenA2inA2theA2vertebraeA2ofA2olderA2ptsA2withA2osteoporosisA2&A2areA2extrem
elyA2painful
FracturesA2-A2ComplicatedA2-A2Ans--
BoneA2fragmentsA2causeA2damageA2toA2otherA2organsA2orA2tissues
FracturesA2-A2ComminutedA2-A2Ans--
SmallA2fragmentsA2ofA2boneA2areA2brokenA2fromA2theA2fracturedA2shaftA2&A2lieA2inA2theA2su
rroundingA2tissue
FracturesA2-A2CompoundA2orA2openA2-A2Ans--
FracturedA2boneA2protrudesA2throughA2theA2skin
FracturesA2-A2IncompleteA2-A2Ans--WhenA2fractureA2fragmentsA2remainA2attached
FracturesA2-A2CompleteA2-A2Ans--WhenA2fractureA2fragmentsA2areA2separated
,FracturesA2-A2GreenstickA2-A2Ans--
CompressedA2sideA2ofA2theA2boneA2bendsA2butA2theA2tensionA2sideA2ofA2theA2boneA2break
s,A2causingA2anA2incompleteA2fractureA2(*MostA2commonA2fractureA2inA2children*)
CastsA2-A2SyntheticA2(Fiberglass)
(KnowA2theA2differencesA2b/
tA2fiberglassA2&A2plaster,A2whyA2oneA2mayA2beA2usedA2versusA2another)A2-A2Ans--
(•)A2Lightweight,A2varietyA2ofA2colorsA2available
(•)A2MoreA2expensive
(•)A2DriesA2rapidlyA2inA25A2toA230A2mins
(•)A2RoughA2exterior,A2whichA2mayA2scratchA2surfacesA2&A2doesn'tA2moldA2closelyA2toA2bo
dyA2parts
(•)A2PermitsA2earlierA2weightA2bearing
CastsA2-A2Plaster
(KnowA2theA2differencesA2b/
tA2fiberglassA2&A2plaster,A2whyA2oneA2mayA2beA2usedA2versusA2another)A2-A2Ans--
(•)A2Inexpensive
(•)A2DriesA2inA210A2toA272A2hrs
(•)A2MoldsA2closelyA2toA2bodyA2parts
(•)A2HasA2aA2smoothA2exterior
FracturesA2-
A2Assessment,A2HowA2toA2assessA2forA2IschemiaA2(TheA26A2P'sA2ofA2IschemiaA2-
A2CompartmentA2syndrome)A2-A2Ans--
(1)A2*Pain*:A2NotA2relievedA2byA2analgesicsA2orA2elevationA2ofA2theA2limb,A2movementA2tha
tA2increasesA2pain
(2)A2*Pulselessness*A2(distalA2toA2theA2fractureA2site):A2InabilityA2toA2palpateA2aA2pulseA2di
stalA2toA2theA2fracture
(3)A2*Pallor*:A2PaleA2skin,A2poorA2perfusion,A2capillaryA2refillA2>A23A2secs
(4)A2*Paresthesia*:A2TinglingA2orA2burningA2sensation
(5)A2*Paralysis*:A2InabilityA2toA2moveA2extremityA2orA2digits
(6)A2*Pressure*:A2InvolvedA2limbA2orA2digitsA2mayA2feelA2tenseA2&A2warm,A2skinA2isA2tight,A
2shiny;A2pressureA2withinA2compartmentA2isA2elevated
CastsA2-
A2castA2care,A2ptA2teachingA2/
cA2casts,A2handlingA2ofA2wetA2casts,A2positioningA2/
cA2aA2cast,A2&A2potentialA2complicationsA2thatA2canA2occurA2/
cA2castsA2(hotA2spots,A2acuteA2compartmentA2syndrome)A2-A2Ans--
(A)A2KeepA2castA2uncoveredA2toA2allowA2dryingA2fromA2theA2insideA2out
, (B)A2NeverA2useA2heatedA2fansA2orA2dryersA2-
A2causeA2theA2castA2toA2dryA2onA2theA2outsideA2&A2remainA2wetA2underneath;A2canA2cause
A2burnsA2toA2underlyingA2tissueA2beneathA2cast
(C)A2HandleA2aA2wetA2castA2/
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teA2callusA2isA2formed
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(f)A2ToA2reduceA2muscleA2spasms
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