DETAILED ANSWERS|LATEST
Acute Brain Injury - ANSWER An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital,
degenerative, or induced by birth trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury - ANSWER An alteration in brain function, or other evidence of
brain pathology, caused by an external force
2 Mechanisms
*trauma impact
* traumatic inertial forces
Non-traumatic brain injury - ANSWER Lack of O2, decreased nutrients to cells,
exposure to toxins, pressure from tumor or blockage or other neuro disorder
ABI Prevalence - ANSWER 2nd most prevalent disability in U. S.
* 13.5 million Americans
Children & TBI - ANSWER * non-accidental trauma cause of 80% of deaths in children
under 2yo
* 2/3 of children under 3yo that are abused have TBIs
*falls cause 1/2 of TBI in 0-14yo
domestic violence - ANSWER 67% of women in domestic violence had TBI symptoms
Mild TBI - ANSWER *concussion
*LOC > 30 min
1
,*loss of memory >24hrs
*CGS 13-15
*normal CT or MRI
*any AMS at time of incident
Moderate TBI - ANSWER *LOC up to 24hrs
*neuro signs of brain trauma
* CGS 9-12
*may have focal findings on CT
Severe TBI - ANSWER *LOC <24hrs
*GCS 3-8
Screens for TBI - ANSWER ACE - acute concussion eval
HELPS
WARCAT - warrior administered retrospective casualty assessment tool
TBIQ - traumatic brain injury questionnaire
ImPACT
OSU TBI ID
JCAHO (Joint Commission) - ANSWER The non-profit organization that assists
healthcare facilities by providing accreditation
3 year award
CARF (Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission) - ANSWER The Organization that
oversees the accreditation of brain injury programs
3 year award
2
, TBI Act of 1996 - ANSWER Federal Legislation
"To expand efforts to identify methods of preventing TBI, to expand biomedical research
efforts or to minimize the severity of dysfunction as a result of such an injury, and to
improve the delivery & quality of services through the State Demonstration projects."
HRSA - Health Resources Services Administration - ANSWER Money to states to
improve integration services, establish policy & procedure financial support
CDC - Center for Disease Control - ANSWER Carries out projects to reduce incidence of
TBI
Rehabilitation act of 1973 - ANSWER Set foundation for state vocational rehab system,
a federal/state supported system of services which assists persons with disabilities who are
pursuing meaningful careers
Diffuse axonal injury - ANSWER Severe brain injury caused by extreme shearing forces
Persistent post concussive symptoms - ANSWER A complex disorder following a
concussion, lasting for weeks or months, consisting of symptoms such as headaches or
dizziness, Nausea, post Trumatic amnesia and GCS of 13/14
Must be diagnosed by neuropsychologist
Somatization - ANSWER The expression of psychological distress through physical
symptoms
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy - CTE - ANSWER Rare, progressive, degenerative
condition of central nervous system that is seen and repetitive brain trauma
Dementia, memory loss, aggression, confusion, depression
Hebbian Learning - ANSWER Neurons that fire together, wire together
3
Acute Brain Injury - ANSWER An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital,
degenerative, or induced by birth trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury - ANSWER An alteration in brain function, or other evidence of
brain pathology, caused by an external force
2 Mechanisms
*trauma impact
* traumatic inertial forces
Non-traumatic brain injury - ANSWER Lack of O2, decreased nutrients to cells,
exposure to toxins, pressure from tumor or blockage or other neuro disorder
ABI Prevalence - ANSWER 2nd most prevalent disability in U. S.
* 13.5 million Americans
Children & TBI - ANSWER * non-accidental trauma cause of 80% of deaths in children
under 2yo
* 2/3 of children under 3yo that are abused have TBIs
*falls cause 1/2 of TBI in 0-14yo
domestic violence - ANSWER 67% of women in domestic violence had TBI symptoms
Mild TBI - ANSWER *concussion
*LOC > 30 min
1
,*loss of memory >24hrs
*CGS 13-15
*normal CT or MRI
*any AMS at time of incident
Moderate TBI - ANSWER *LOC up to 24hrs
*neuro signs of brain trauma
* CGS 9-12
*may have focal findings on CT
Severe TBI - ANSWER *LOC <24hrs
*GCS 3-8
Screens for TBI - ANSWER ACE - acute concussion eval
HELPS
WARCAT - warrior administered retrospective casualty assessment tool
TBIQ - traumatic brain injury questionnaire
ImPACT
OSU TBI ID
JCAHO (Joint Commission) - ANSWER The non-profit organization that assists
healthcare facilities by providing accreditation
3 year award
CARF (Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission) - ANSWER The Organization that
oversees the accreditation of brain injury programs
3 year award
2
, TBI Act of 1996 - ANSWER Federal Legislation
"To expand efforts to identify methods of preventing TBI, to expand biomedical research
efforts or to minimize the severity of dysfunction as a result of such an injury, and to
improve the delivery & quality of services through the State Demonstration projects."
HRSA - Health Resources Services Administration - ANSWER Money to states to
improve integration services, establish policy & procedure financial support
CDC - Center for Disease Control - ANSWER Carries out projects to reduce incidence of
TBI
Rehabilitation act of 1973 - ANSWER Set foundation for state vocational rehab system,
a federal/state supported system of services which assists persons with disabilities who are
pursuing meaningful careers
Diffuse axonal injury - ANSWER Severe brain injury caused by extreme shearing forces
Persistent post concussive symptoms - ANSWER A complex disorder following a
concussion, lasting for weeks or months, consisting of symptoms such as headaches or
dizziness, Nausea, post Trumatic amnesia and GCS of 13/14
Must be diagnosed by neuropsychologist
Somatization - ANSWER The expression of psychological distress through physical
symptoms
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy - CTE - ANSWER Rare, progressive, degenerative
condition of central nervous system that is seen and repetitive brain trauma
Dementia, memory loss, aggression, confusion, depression
Hebbian Learning - ANSWER Neurons that fire together, wire together
3
