2025
Anatomyv-vcorrect-answersv--investigatesvthevstructurevofvthevbody
-relationshipvbetweenvthevstructurevofvavbodyvpartvandvit'svfunction
-canvbevsystemicvorvregional
Physiologyv-vcorrect-answersv--dealsvwithvthevprocessvorvfunctionsvofvlivingvthings
Goals:
v (1)vtovunderstandvandvforeshadowvthevbody'svnaturalvresponsesvtovchangesv
(2)vunderstandvhowvthevbodyvcontrolsvandvmaintainsvtheirvconditions
OrganvSystemsv-vcorrect-answersv--
groupvofvorgansvthatvisvclassifiedvasvavunitvduevtovtheirvsimilarvfunction
,-
Muscular,vNervous,vEndocrine,vCardiovascular,vLymphatic,vRespiratory,vDigestive,vandvUrinaryvSyst
ems
6vCharacteristicsvofvLifev-vcorrect-answersv-1)vOrganization
2)vMetabolism
3)vResponsiveness
4)vGrowth
5)vDevelopment
6)vReproduction
Homeostasisv-vcorrect-answersv-
Existencevandvmaintenancevofvavrelativelyvconstantvenvironmentvwithinvthevbodyvdespitevfluctuati
onsvinvthevexternal/internalvenvironment;vincludesvtemperature,vvolumevandvchemicalvcontent
NegativevFeedbackv-vcorrect-answersv-
Deviationvfromvthevsetvpointvisvmadevsmallervorvisvresisted;vmaintainsvvariationvwithinvavnormalvra
ngevwithoutvpreventingvit.
Maintainsvhomeostasis
ThreevComponents:
-Receptor
-ControlvCentre
,-Effector
IonicvBondsv-vcorrect-answersv-
Transfervofvelectronsvbetweenvatoms;vcreatesvoppositelyvchargedvions
PolarvCovalentvBondsv-vcorrect-answersv-
Electronsvarevunequallyvsharedvbetweenvtwovatoms;vresultsvinvavslightlyvpositivevchargevonvonevsid
evofvthevmoleculevandvavslightlyvnegativevchargevonvthevothervside
NonpolarvCovalentvBondsv-vcorrect-answersv-
Equalvsharingvofvelectronsvbetweenvtwovatoms;vhasvanvevenvdistributionvofvchargesvamongvthevm
olecule
HydrogenvBondsv-vcorrect-answersv-
Positivevendvofvavpolarvmoleculevisvattractedvtovthevnegativevendvofvanothervpolarvmolecule,vandvvi
cevversa;vnotvavchemicalvbondvandvisvweakervthanvionic/covalentvbonds
Compoundv-vcorrect-answersv-
Substancevresultingvfromvthevchemicalvcombinationvofv2+vdifferentvtypesvofvatoms
Dissociationv-vcorrect-answersv--
Processvofvionicvcompoundsvdissolvingvinvwatervcausingvtheirvionsvtovseparatevfromveachvother
-Positivelyvchargedvionsvarevattractedvtovthevnegativevendsvofvthevwatervmoleculevandvvicevversa
-Dissociatedvionsvarevcalledvelectrolytes
Synthesisv-vcorrect-answersv--Anabolism
, -Twovorvmorevreactantsvcombinevtovformvavlargervandvmorevcomplexvproduct
Decompositionv-vcorrect-answersv--Catabolism
-Reactantsvarevbrokenvdownvintovsmaller,vandvlessvcomplexvproducts
Exchangevreactionsv-vcorrect-answersv--
Reactantsvarevdecomposedvthenvresynthesizedvwithvitsvcounterparts
FactorsvThatvAffectvthevRatevofvChemicalvRxnv-vcorrect-answersv-1.vReactants
2.vConcentration
3.vTemperature
4.vCatalysts
pHvScalev-vcorrect-answersv-IndicatesvthevH+vconcentrationvofvavsolution
Acidityv-vcorrect-answersv-GreatervconcentrationvofvH+vgreatervthanvOH-,vhasvavpHvlessvthanv7.0
Basic/Alkalinev-vcorrect-answersv-ConcentrationvofvOH-vgreatervthanvH+,vhasvavpHvgreatervthanv7.0
Bufferv-vcorrect-answersv-
AvchemicalvusedvtovresistvthevchangesvinvpHvwhenvanvacidvorvavbasevisvaddedvtovavsolutionvthatvhasv
thevbuffervinvit;vbindsvtovthevH+/OH-vpreventingvthevionsvfromvcausingvavshiftvinvthevpH
ReversiblevReactionv-vcorrect-answersv-
Avchemicalvreactionvthatvcanvproceedvfromvreactantsvtovproductsvandvfromvproductsvtovreactants