WGU D115 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM EXAMINATION TEST 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Untreated hypertension. Answer: High blood pressure that is not
managed, leading to increased workload on the left ventricle and
potential heart failure.
◉ Electrolyte imbalances in heart failure. Answer: Changes in serum
electrolyte levels, commonly resulting in hyponatremia and
hypokalemia due to compensatory mechanisms.
◉ Dyspnea and pulmonary congestion. Answer: Primary symptoms
associated with left-sided heart failure, characterized by difficulty
breathing and fluid in the lungs.
◉ Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Answer: The most common
leukemia in older adults, characterized by the proliferation of
immature lymphocytes.
◉ Pernicious anemia. Answer: A macrocytic, normochromic anemia
resulting from atrophic gastric mucosa not secreting intrinsic factor.
,◉ Tumor lysis syndrome. Answer: A condition that occurs when
high WBC counts lead to acute hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia,
hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia.
◉ Pancytopenia. Answer: A deficiency of all types of blood cells.
◉ Leukostasis. Answer: Occurs when blood vessels become
overcrowded with immature blast cells in patients with AML.
◉ Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms. Answer: Neurologic signs
including peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, lethargy, and fatigue.
◉ Intrinsic factor. Answer: A substance produced by the mucosa of
the stomach and intestines essential for the absorption of vitamin
B12.
◉ Sickle cell trait. Answer: A heterozygous carrier state where an
individual inherits one mutated gene, offering some protection
against malaria.
◉ Acquiring two abnormal sickle genes. Answer: Leads to sickle cell
disease.
,◉ Life expectancy with sickle cell trait. Answer: Generally good, as
sickle cell trait is not a disease.
◉ Common genetic mutation of hemoglobin. Answer: Sickle cell
trait, prevalent in populations from W. Africa, the Middle East, and
Mediterranean regions.
◉ Malaria. Answer: A disease caused by parasites transmitted
through mosquito bites.
◉ Sickle Cell Trait. Answer: Genetic condition providing partial
protection against malaria.
◉ Sickle Cell Disease. Answer: Severe form of sickle cell trait leading
to health complications.
◉ Herpes Zoster. Answer: Viral infection causing painful vesicular
rash along dermatomes.
◉ Prodromal Stage. Answer: Initial phase before full symptoms
develop, like rash or fever.
◉ Atopic Dermatitis. Answer: Chronic inflammatory skin disease
causing itchy, red skin.
, ◉ Pyelonephritis. Answer: Kidney inflammation due to bacterial
infection, often UTI-related.
◉ Proteinuria. Answer: Presence of excess protein in urine,
indicating kidney damage.
◉ Lower-Extremity Venous Insufficiency. Answer: Condition causing
poor blood flow in leg veins, leading to edema.
◉ Duodenal Ulcer. Answer: Ulcer in the duodenum causing burning
abdominal pain after meals.
◉ Reflux Esophagitis. Answer: Inflammation of the esophagus due to
acid reflux.
◉ Acute Gouty Arthritis. Answer: Sudden joint inflammation, often
at the big toe, due to uric acid.
◉ Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR). Answer: Test measuring
inflammation by observing red blood cell settling.
◉ Joint Space Narrowing. Answer: Reduction of space in joints,
common in osteoarthritis.
EXAM EXAMINATION TEST 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Untreated hypertension. Answer: High blood pressure that is not
managed, leading to increased workload on the left ventricle and
potential heart failure.
◉ Electrolyte imbalances in heart failure. Answer: Changes in serum
electrolyte levels, commonly resulting in hyponatremia and
hypokalemia due to compensatory mechanisms.
◉ Dyspnea and pulmonary congestion. Answer: Primary symptoms
associated with left-sided heart failure, characterized by difficulty
breathing and fluid in the lungs.
◉ Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Answer: The most common
leukemia in older adults, characterized by the proliferation of
immature lymphocytes.
◉ Pernicious anemia. Answer: A macrocytic, normochromic anemia
resulting from atrophic gastric mucosa not secreting intrinsic factor.
,◉ Tumor lysis syndrome. Answer: A condition that occurs when
high WBC counts lead to acute hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia,
hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia.
◉ Pancytopenia. Answer: A deficiency of all types of blood cells.
◉ Leukostasis. Answer: Occurs when blood vessels become
overcrowded with immature blast cells in patients with AML.
◉ Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms. Answer: Neurologic signs
including peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, lethargy, and fatigue.
◉ Intrinsic factor. Answer: A substance produced by the mucosa of
the stomach and intestines essential for the absorption of vitamin
B12.
◉ Sickle cell trait. Answer: A heterozygous carrier state where an
individual inherits one mutated gene, offering some protection
against malaria.
◉ Acquiring two abnormal sickle genes. Answer: Leads to sickle cell
disease.
,◉ Life expectancy with sickle cell trait. Answer: Generally good, as
sickle cell trait is not a disease.
◉ Common genetic mutation of hemoglobin. Answer: Sickle cell
trait, prevalent in populations from W. Africa, the Middle East, and
Mediterranean regions.
◉ Malaria. Answer: A disease caused by parasites transmitted
through mosquito bites.
◉ Sickle Cell Trait. Answer: Genetic condition providing partial
protection against malaria.
◉ Sickle Cell Disease. Answer: Severe form of sickle cell trait leading
to health complications.
◉ Herpes Zoster. Answer: Viral infection causing painful vesicular
rash along dermatomes.
◉ Prodromal Stage. Answer: Initial phase before full symptoms
develop, like rash or fever.
◉ Atopic Dermatitis. Answer: Chronic inflammatory skin disease
causing itchy, red skin.
, ◉ Pyelonephritis. Answer: Kidney inflammation due to bacterial
infection, often UTI-related.
◉ Proteinuria. Answer: Presence of excess protein in urine,
indicating kidney damage.
◉ Lower-Extremity Venous Insufficiency. Answer: Condition causing
poor blood flow in leg veins, leading to edema.
◉ Duodenal Ulcer. Answer: Ulcer in the duodenum causing burning
abdominal pain after meals.
◉ Reflux Esophagitis. Answer: Inflammation of the esophagus due to
acid reflux.
◉ Acute Gouty Arthritis. Answer: Sudden joint inflammation, often
at the big toe, due to uric acid.
◉ Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR). Answer: Test measuring
inflammation by observing red blood cell settling.
◉ Joint Space Narrowing. Answer: Reduction of space in joints,
common in osteoarthritis.
