CALT Exam Study Guide Exam Questions and Answers Grade
A+
Rhyming - Answer-One of the first phonological awareness skills to develop
Blending & segmenting at syllable level - Answer-Develops at 3-4 years
Segmenting phonemes - Answer-Develops at 4-5 years
Isolating beginning sound in words, segmenting phonemes in CVC words - Answer-Develops in
kindergarten
Segmenting words with consonant blends - Answer-Develops in first grade
Receptive oral language - Answer-Listening
Expressive oral language - Answer-Speaking
Receptive written language - Answer-Reading
Expressive written language - Answer-Writing
__ letters representing __ phonemes - Answer-26, 44
5 vowel letters, __ vowel sounds - Answer-15
Long vowels - Answer-Tense Vowels. (Beet, bait, boat, boot, bite, boy, bout) (a, e, i, o, u, oy, ou,
oo)
Short vowels - Answer-Lax vowels - pat, pet, pit, pot, put, putt (a, e, i ,o, u, oo)
Fricatives - Answer-produced by a constant flow of air through the vocal tract (f and v)
Affricates - Answer-ch/j
Glides - Answer-W, y
Liquids - Answer-l, r
Alphabetic principle - Answer-an understanding that letters and letter patterns represent the
sounds of spoken language
Six syllable types - Answer-closed, open, VCe, C+le, R controlled, vowel pairs
Semantics - Answer-Language content— meaning of words and the relationship between and
among words
Pragmatics - Answer-Language use— reasons, codes/styles, conversation rules
, Phonology - Answer-the study of speech sounds in language
Morphology - Answer-units of meaning involved in word formation
Syntax - Answer-the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given
language
Teutonic Invasion - Answer-Shifted the balance of power in Central Europe leading up to the
Christianizing of Britain
Norman Conquest - Answer-Began in 1066. Led by William the Conquerer. His military victory at
the Battle of Hastings led to Norman control of England. This control would influence England
more with continental Europe than Scandinavian culture. Would also lead to rivalry between
England and France for the next millenium.
Renaissance - Answer-"rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the
revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
The Great Vowel Shift - Answer-a phonetic shift in the way that long vowels were pronounced in
English
Dyslexia - Answer-A specific learning disability that is neurological in origin. It is a deficit in the
phonological component of language and is characterized by poor spelling and decoding
abilities.
Inferior frontal gyrus - Answer-Broca's area — articulation and word analysis
Parieto-temporal area - Answer-Brain part responsible for word analysis
Occipito-temporal region - Answer-The vision center — word form
Angular gyrus - Answer-transforms visual representations into an auditory code
Wernicke's area - Answer-controls language reception - a brain area involved in language
comprehension and expression; in the parieto-temporal lobe
Decode - Answer-Determine pronunciation of a word by breaking it down into sounds
Encode - Answer-To spell
Child pretends to read, can name letters of alphabet (6 mos-6 yrs) - Answer-Jean Chall's stages
of reading development, Stage 0-pre-reading
Child learns relation btwn letters and sounds, printed and spoken words; can read simple text
(grades 1-2.5) - Answer-Jean Chall's Stages of Reading Development, stage 1-initial reading and
decoding
A+
Rhyming - Answer-One of the first phonological awareness skills to develop
Blending & segmenting at syllable level - Answer-Develops at 3-4 years
Segmenting phonemes - Answer-Develops at 4-5 years
Isolating beginning sound in words, segmenting phonemes in CVC words - Answer-Develops in
kindergarten
Segmenting words with consonant blends - Answer-Develops in first grade
Receptive oral language - Answer-Listening
Expressive oral language - Answer-Speaking
Receptive written language - Answer-Reading
Expressive written language - Answer-Writing
__ letters representing __ phonemes - Answer-26, 44
5 vowel letters, __ vowel sounds - Answer-15
Long vowels - Answer-Tense Vowels. (Beet, bait, boat, boot, bite, boy, bout) (a, e, i, o, u, oy, ou,
oo)
Short vowels - Answer-Lax vowels - pat, pet, pit, pot, put, putt (a, e, i ,o, u, oo)
Fricatives - Answer-produced by a constant flow of air through the vocal tract (f and v)
Affricates - Answer-ch/j
Glides - Answer-W, y
Liquids - Answer-l, r
Alphabetic principle - Answer-an understanding that letters and letter patterns represent the
sounds of spoken language
Six syllable types - Answer-closed, open, VCe, C+le, R controlled, vowel pairs
Semantics - Answer-Language content— meaning of words and the relationship between and
among words
Pragmatics - Answer-Language use— reasons, codes/styles, conversation rules
, Phonology - Answer-the study of speech sounds in language
Morphology - Answer-units of meaning involved in word formation
Syntax - Answer-the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given
language
Teutonic Invasion - Answer-Shifted the balance of power in Central Europe leading up to the
Christianizing of Britain
Norman Conquest - Answer-Began in 1066. Led by William the Conquerer. His military victory at
the Battle of Hastings led to Norman control of England. This control would influence England
more with continental Europe than Scandinavian culture. Would also lead to rivalry between
England and France for the next millenium.
Renaissance - Answer-"rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the
revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
The Great Vowel Shift - Answer-a phonetic shift in the way that long vowels were pronounced in
English
Dyslexia - Answer-A specific learning disability that is neurological in origin. It is a deficit in the
phonological component of language and is characterized by poor spelling and decoding
abilities.
Inferior frontal gyrus - Answer-Broca's area — articulation and word analysis
Parieto-temporal area - Answer-Brain part responsible for word analysis
Occipito-temporal region - Answer-The vision center — word form
Angular gyrus - Answer-transforms visual representations into an auditory code
Wernicke's area - Answer-controls language reception - a brain area involved in language
comprehension and expression; in the parieto-temporal lobe
Decode - Answer-Determine pronunciation of a word by breaking it down into sounds
Encode - Answer-To spell
Child pretends to read, can name letters of alphabet (6 mos-6 yrs) - Answer-Jean Chall's stages
of reading development, Stage 0-pre-reading
Child learns relation btwn letters and sounds, printed and spoken words; can read simple text
(grades 1-2.5) - Answer-Jean Chall's Stages of Reading Development, stage 1-initial reading and
decoding
