D546 HEALTHCARE POLICY AND
GOVERNANCE EXAM SCRIPT 2026
◉ Examples of Setting Events. Answer: 1. Lack of sleep
2. Fatigue
3. Medication/ medication change
4. Hunger
5. Staffing pattern
6. Daily schedule
◉ Motivating Operation. Answer: "Any environmental variable that
alters the EFFECTIVENESS of the stimulus, object, or event as a
REINFORCER; and alters the current FREQUENCY of all behavior
that has been reinforced by that stimulus, object, or event," - Cooper,
Heron, and Heward (2007)
1. Important variable to consider when hypothesizing function of
behavior.
2. Assist in arranging educational environment.
3. Increase opportunities to encourage skill development
4. Manipulation has the potential to increase the likelihood of
appropriate behaviors.
,◉ 2 Functions of Motivation Operations. Answer: Establishing
operation (EO) and Abolishing operation (AO)
◉ Establishing Operation (EO). Answer: Effect: Increase the value of
stimulus or event as a reinforcer.
Behavior-altering: Increase in frequency of behaviors emitted to
obtain a stimulus
◉ Abolishing Operation (AO). Answer: Effect: Decrease the value of a
stimulus or event as a reinforcer.
Behavior-altering: Decrease in frequency of behaviors emitted to
obtain a stimulus.
◉ 2 Types of Motivating Operations. Answer: Unconditioned
Motivation Operations (UMO) and Conditioned Motivating
Operations (CMO)
◉ Unconditioned Motivating Operations (UMO). Answer: "Events,
operations, and stimulus conditions with value-altering motivating
effects that are unlearned."
Unlearned - no learning history
, ◉ Conditioned Motivating Operations (CMO). Answer: "Motivating
variables that alter the reinforcing effectiveness of other objects,
events, or activities but only as a result of an individuals learning
history."
Learned - learning history
◉ Examples of Unconditioned Motivating Operations. Answer: 1.
Food deprivation
2. Water deprivation
3. Sleep deprivation
4. Activity deprivation
5. Oxygen deprivation
6. Becoming too warm
7. Becoming too cold
◉ Examples of Conditioned MO's. Answer: 1. Keys and a locked door
2. Hand raising and praise
3. Homework pass and arriving on time to class
4. Dark classroom and a light switch
GOVERNANCE EXAM SCRIPT 2026
◉ Examples of Setting Events. Answer: 1. Lack of sleep
2. Fatigue
3. Medication/ medication change
4. Hunger
5. Staffing pattern
6. Daily schedule
◉ Motivating Operation. Answer: "Any environmental variable that
alters the EFFECTIVENESS of the stimulus, object, or event as a
REINFORCER; and alters the current FREQUENCY of all behavior
that has been reinforced by that stimulus, object, or event," - Cooper,
Heron, and Heward (2007)
1. Important variable to consider when hypothesizing function of
behavior.
2. Assist in arranging educational environment.
3. Increase opportunities to encourage skill development
4. Manipulation has the potential to increase the likelihood of
appropriate behaviors.
,◉ 2 Functions of Motivation Operations. Answer: Establishing
operation (EO) and Abolishing operation (AO)
◉ Establishing Operation (EO). Answer: Effect: Increase the value of
stimulus or event as a reinforcer.
Behavior-altering: Increase in frequency of behaviors emitted to
obtain a stimulus
◉ Abolishing Operation (AO). Answer: Effect: Decrease the value of a
stimulus or event as a reinforcer.
Behavior-altering: Decrease in frequency of behaviors emitted to
obtain a stimulus.
◉ 2 Types of Motivating Operations. Answer: Unconditioned
Motivation Operations (UMO) and Conditioned Motivating
Operations (CMO)
◉ Unconditioned Motivating Operations (UMO). Answer: "Events,
operations, and stimulus conditions with value-altering motivating
effects that are unlearned."
Unlearned - no learning history
, ◉ Conditioned Motivating Operations (CMO). Answer: "Motivating
variables that alter the reinforcing effectiveness of other objects,
events, or activities but only as a result of an individuals learning
history."
Learned - learning history
◉ Examples of Unconditioned Motivating Operations. Answer: 1.
Food deprivation
2. Water deprivation
3. Sleep deprivation
4. Activity deprivation
5. Oxygen deprivation
6. Becoming too warm
7. Becoming too cold
◉ Examples of Conditioned MO's. Answer: 1. Keys and a locked door
2. Hand raising and praise
3. Homework pass and arriving on time to class
4. Dark classroom and a light switch
