WGU D398 intro to pharmacoloGy
EXam StUDy ShEEt QUEStionS anD
SolUtionS 2026 cErtiFication
EValUation.
◍ Amiodarone (Cordarone)- Antiarrhythmic.Answer:treats
arrhythmia (irregular heartbeats)
Side effects: tremors, numbness, visual disturbances, lung scarring, or
thickness (known as pulmonary fibrosis)
Cautions: patients with underlying heart block diseases; thyroid
disease; allergic reactions to iodine
◍ Metoprolol (Toprol)- Beta Blocker.Answer:lower blood pressure by
blocking the beta receptors
Side effects: dizziness, fatigue, confusion, low blood sugar
Caution:
,◍ Amlodipine (Norvasc)- Calcium Channel blocker.Answer:reduce
blood pressure by preventing calcium from entering the cells of the
heart and arteries
Side effects: edema (swelling), abdominal discomfort, and headache
◍ Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)- Diuretic.Answer:decrease blood
pressure by ridding the body of sodium and water through increase
urine
Side effects: frequent urination, low potassium, and low magnesium
(supplements are sometimes given to maintain electrolyte levels)
◍ Lisinopril (Zestril)- Angio-converting enzyme inhibitor
(ACE).Answer:reduce blood pressure by relaxing veins and arteries
Side effects: dry cough, rash, and high potassium
Caution: angioedema (swelling under the skin); pregnancy and
lactation (can cause birth defects)
◍ Losartan (Cozaar) & Valsartan (Diovan) Angiotensin receptor
blocker (ARB).Answer:inhibit the angiotensin receptor directly
Side effects: dizziness, high potassium levels
,Caution: caution in pregnancy and lactation (can cause birth defects)
◍ Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)-Coronary Vasodilator.Answer:Treat
angina (chest pain) by widen the blood arteries
Side effects: headaches, flushing (redness and warmth to the face),
blurred vision, and dry mouth
Caution:
◍ Atorvastatin (Lipitor)- Antilipemic.Answer:used for controlling
high cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood
Side effects: muscle weakness, rhabdomyolysis (severe injury to the
muscle tissue), and an increase in liver enzyme markers
Cautions: liver or kidney disease, existing muscle weakness,
pregnancy, and breastfeeding
◍ Fenofibrate (Tricor)- Fibrate.Answer:modest LDL-lowering
potential for severely excessive triglyceride and cholesterol levels
Side effects: GI complaints (diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea and
vomiting, and abdominal pain), stones in the gallbladder, and muscle
pain
, Cautions: gallbladder disease, liver disease
◍ Warfarin (Jantoven)- Antithrombotic.Answer:interfere with or
prevent thrombosis (blood clots) or blood coagulation
Side effects: bleeding complications, bloody stool, and red urine
Cautions:
◍ Albuterol (ProAir)- Bronchodilator (SABA).Answer:treatments for
acute asthma attacks because they are short-acting and taken as
needed
◍ Formoterol (Foradil)- Bronchodilator (LABA).Answer:utilized as
preventative medications and are usually taken daily on a
maintenance schedule
Side effects: throat irritation, hoarseness, and sinusitis; nervousness,
tremor, dizziness, and headache
Caution: may cause or worsen cardiac irregularities (tachycardia,
palpitations, arrhythmias, and angina)
◍ Ipratropium (Atrovent)- Anticholinergic.Answer:blocking receptors
in the smooth muscle of the airway;
EXam StUDy ShEEt QUEStionS anD
SolUtionS 2026 cErtiFication
EValUation.
◍ Amiodarone (Cordarone)- Antiarrhythmic.Answer:treats
arrhythmia (irregular heartbeats)
Side effects: tremors, numbness, visual disturbances, lung scarring, or
thickness (known as pulmonary fibrosis)
Cautions: patients with underlying heart block diseases; thyroid
disease; allergic reactions to iodine
◍ Metoprolol (Toprol)- Beta Blocker.Answer:lower blood pressure by
blocking the beta receptors
Side effects: dizziness, fatigue, confusion, low blood sugar
Caution:
,◍ Amlodipine (Norvasc)- Calcium Channel blocker.Answer:reduce
blood pressure by preventing calcium from entering the cells of the
heart and arteries
Side effects: edema (swelling), abdominal discomfort, and headache
◍ Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)- Diuretic.Answer:decrease blood
pressure by ridding the body of sodium and water through increase
urine
Side effects: frequent urination, low potassium, and low magnesium
(supplements are sometimes given to maintain electrolyte levels)
◍ Lisinopril (Zestril)- Angio-converting enzyme inhibitor
(ACE).Answer:reduce blood pressure by relaxing veins and arteries
Side effects: dry cough, rash, and high potassium
Caution: angioedema (swelling under the skin); pregnancy and
lactation (can cause birth defects)
◍ Losartan (Cozaar) & Valsartan (Diovan) Angiotensin receptor
blocker (ARB).Answer:inhibit the angiotensin receptor directly
Side effects: dizziness, high potassium levels
,Caution: caution in pregnancy and lactation (can cause birth defects)
◍ Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)-Coronary Vasodilator.Answer:Treat
angina (chest pain) by widen the blood arteries
Side effects: headaches, flushing (redness and warmth to the face),
blurred vision, and dry mouth
Caution:
◍ Atorvastatin (Lipitor)- Antilipemic.Answer:used for controlling
high cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood
Side effects: muscle weakness, rhabdomyolysis (severe injury to the
muscle tissue), and an increase in liver enzyme markers
Cautions: liver or kidney disease, existing muscle weakness,
pregnancy, and breastfeeding
◍ Fenofibrate (Tricor)- Fibrate.Answer:modest LDL-lowering
potential for severely excessive triglyceride and cholesterol levels
Side effects: GI complaints (diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea and
vomiting, and abdominal pain), stones in the gallbladder, and muscle
pain
, Cautions: gallbladder disease, liver disease
◍ Warfarin (Jantoven)- Antithrombotic.Answer:interfere with or
prevent thrombosis (blood clots) or blood coagulation
Side effects: bleeding complications, bloody stool, and red urine
Cautions:
◍ Albuterol (ProAir)- Bronchodilator (SABA).Answer:treatments for
acute asthma attacks because they are short-acting and taken as
needed
◍ Formoterol (Foradil)- Bronchodilator (LABA).Answer:utilized as
preventative medications and are usually taken daily on a
maintenance schedule
Side effects: throat irritation, hoarseness, and sinusitis; nervousness,
tremor, dizziness, and headache
Caution: may cause or worsen cardiac irregularities (tachycardia,
palpitations, arrhythmias, and angina)
◍ Ipratropium (Atrovent)- Anticholinergic.Answer:blocking receptors
in the smooth muscle of the airway;
