LSU 4512 FINAL MARCINOWSKI
EXAM AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT AND VERIFIED 2025-2026
UPDATED.
What is Newell's Model of Constraints? - Answer Movements arise from the interactions of
the organism, environment, and the task.
What is a constraint? - Answer Something that limits or discourages certain movements
- While also permits or encourages other movements
-"Shape" movement
Show Newell's Model of Constraints & The types of constraints - Answer Slide 5.
Is Biological Influence Nature or Nurture? - Answer Nature.
What is Biological Influence? - Answer •Developmental changes as a function of
maturational process through the CNS, neural maturation
Environmental is Nurture? - Answer Yes
What is environmental influence? - Answer •Less important for motor development
•Minor effects of culture, injury, etc.
What is thinking? - Answer Perception of environment
What is Analysis? - Answer encoded stimuli are altered to suit the brain's
cognition/interpretation to enable decision
What is Situational Modification? - Answer Use experience to create a new strategy for
similar situation.
,What is the "Open System" - Answer means that change can occur through the dissolution of
other systems.
What is the Rate-Limiting system? - Answer •a system that develops last during the growth
period limits development
•a system that declines first during aging accelerates change
What is the bidirectional effect of development? - Answer •Greater
perception/understanding of the environment changes how capable an infant becomes at
navigating environment and performing motor actions
What is sensation? - Answer Data from environment
What is perception? - Answer Interpretation of Data
Sensation is? - Answer •Neural activity triggered by a stimulus activating a sensory receptor
Perception is? - Answer •Multistage process in the brain
•Includes selection, processing, organization, and integration of information received from the
senses
Some view perception and action, or movement, as what? - Answer Inseparable
What is visual acuity? - Answer •sharpness of sight or the amount of detail that can be seen
in an object
What is static visual activity? - Answer Target/Performer are stationary (The Snellen Eye
Chart Doc. Office)
What is Dynamic Visual Acuity? - Answer Ability to see the detail in moving objects
For Dynamic Visual Acuity, the ability of the eye is to - Answer "to catch" and "to hold" an
object's image on the eye's fovea long enough to see detail, determine direction and velo
, By Age 10, is vision fully developed? - Answer Yes
Binocular Vision? - Answer •Coordinated eye movements
•Depth perception
Retinal Disparity? - Answer difference between images cast on the two retinas
Convergence? - Answer depth cue from muscles that control eye movement
What is strabismus? - Answer misalignment of the eyes
2D to 3D perception comes from - Answer depth and distance
What is motion parallax? - Answer As we move, objects that are closer to us move farther
across our field of view than do objects that are in the distance
What is optic flow? - Answer The pattern of apparent motion of objects in a visual scene
caused by the relative motion between an observer and the scene (such as running)
T/F: Depth perception is refined to adult-like levels in adolescence. - Answer T
T/F: Number of older adults who fail depth perception tests is less than the number of younger
adults. - Answer F
Perception is based on? - Answer Boundaries, objects are size, shape, motion
Perception. Figure and Ground? - Answer Objects of interest seen as distinct from
background (Teacup)
Whole and Part Perception? - Answer the ability to discriminate parts of a picture or an
object from the whole, yet integrate the parts into the whole, perceiving them simultaneously
EXAM AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT AND VERIFIED 2025-2026
UPDATED.
What is Newell's Model of Constraints? - Answer Movements arise from the interactions of
the organism, environment, and the task.
What is a constraint? - Answer Something that limits or discourages certain movements
- While also permits or encourages other movements
-"Shape" movement
Show Newell's Model of Constraints & The types of constraints - Answer Slide 5.
Is Biological Influence Nature or Nurture? - Answer Nature.
What is Biological Influence? - Answer •Developmental changes as a function of
maturational process through the CNS, neural maturation
Environmental is Nurture? - Answer Yes
What is environmental influence? - Answer •Less important for motor development
•Minor effects of culture, injury, etc.
What is thinking? - Answer Perception of environment
What is Analysis? - Answer encoded stimuli are altered to suit the brain's
cognition/interpretation to enable decision
What is Situational Modification? - Answer Use experience to create a new strategy for
similar situation.
,What is the "Open System" - Answer means that change can occur through the dissolution of
other systems.
What is the Rate-Limiting system? - Answer •a system that develops last during the growth
period limits development
•a system that declines first during aging accelerates change
What is the bidirectional effect of development? - Answer •Greater
perception/understanding of the environment changes how capable an infant becomes at
navigating environment and performing motor actions
What is sensation? - Answer Data from environment
What is perception? - Answer Interpretation of Data
Sensation is? - Answer •Neural activity triggered by a stimulus activating a sensory receptor
Perception is? - Answer •Multistage process in the brain
•Includes selection, processing, organization, and integration of information received from the
senses
Some view perception and action, or movement, as what? - Answer Inseparable
What is visual acuity? - Answer •sharpness of sight or the amount of detail that can be seen
in an object
What is static visual activity? - Answer Target/Performer are stationary (The Snellen Eye
Chart Doc. Office)
What is Dynamic Visual Acuity? - Answer Ability to see the detail in moving objects
For Dynamic Visual Acuity, the ability of the eye is to - Answer "to catch" and "to hold" an
object's image on the eye's fovea long enough to see detail, determine direction and velo
, By Age 10, is vision fully developed? - Answer Yes
Binocular Vision? - Answer •Coordinated eye movements
•Depth perception
Retinal Disparity? - Answer difference between images cast on the two retinas
Convergence? - Answer depth cue from muscles that control eye movement
What is strabismus? - Answer misalignment of the eyes
2D to 3D perception comes from - Answer depth and distance
What is motion parallax? - Answer As we move, objects that are closer to us move farther
across our field of view than do objects that are in the distance
What is optic flow? - Answer The pattern of apparent motion of objects in a visual scene
caused by the relative motion between an observer and the scene (such as running)
T/F: Depth perception is refined to adult-like levels in adolescence. - Answer T
T/F: Number of older adults who fail depth perception tests is less than the number of younger
adults. - Answer F
Perception is based on? - Answer Boundaries, objects are size, shape, motion
Perception. Figure and Ground? - Answer Objects of interest seen as distinct from
background (Teacup)
Whole and Part Perception? - Answer the ability to discriminate parts of a picture or an
object from the whole, yet integrate the parts into the whole, perceiving them simultaneously
