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samenvatting ziekteleer bloedvaten en hart - deel prof. Robyns

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Samenvatting van de les van prof. Robyns in het jaar op basis van de powerpoint.

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Pericard en primaire
myocardaandoeningen – Tomas Robyns
Inflammatoire myopericardiale syndromen




Acute pericarditis
Kenmerken:
- Inflammatie pericard
- Begin symptomen < 4 weken
o Subacuut 4-12 weken
o Chronisch > 12 weken
- Typische pijn: scherpe pijn
o Houdingsgebonden (beter bij rechtopzitten en vooroverleunen)
o Ademhalingsgebonden (pleuritis type pijn) = door ontstoken pleura
o Differentiëren van drukkende pijn bij ACS!
- Inflammatoir syndroom: koorts, CRP afwijkingen
- Typische ECG afwijkingen
- Pericardeffusie in 60% (vochtopstapeling in pericard) -> donkere schil op echo
- Soms ook troponinestijging, wijst erop dat ook myocard betrokken is ->
myopericarditis/perimyocarditis

ECG:
- Normaal sinusritme en hartas
- Diffuse komvormige ST elevatie
- PR depressie


1

, Etiologie:
- Postviraal (enterovirus, parvovirus)
- Idiopathisch
- TBC
- Post Cardiale Heelkunde (post cardiac
injury syndrome)
- Auto immuun/systeemziekten (bv lupus,
systeemsclerose, Sjogren)
- Kanker (long, borst, lymfoom, leukemie)

Behandeling:
- Doel behandeling: pijncontrole + preventie complicaties (herval, constrictie)
- Sportrestrictie tot volledige remissie!
- Anti-inflammatoire therapie
o ASA/NSAID
▪ Acetylsalicylzuur (aspegic) 4x1g per dag traag afbouwen
▪ Ibuprofen 3x800mg per dag traag afbouwen
o Colchicine 0,5mg 2 maal per dag gedurende 3-6 maanden
- 2de lijn therapie corticosteroiden
- 3de lijn therapie: IL-1 inhibitoren (anakinra, rilonacept)

Complicaties
Pericardtamponade:
- Wat is het?
o Wanneer pericardeffusie de diastolische vulling van hart belemmert
waardoor de cardiac output daalt
o Hoeveel vocht nodig voor tamponade: acuut (200-300ml) vs traag (1-2l)
o Triade: hypotensie, verhoogde CVD, stille harttonen
o Pulsus paradoxus: daling SBP met >10 mmHg bij inspiratie
- Kan ook optreden los van acute pericarditis:
o Nierfalen
o Kanker
o Trauma
o Aorta dissectie
o Post interventie (plaatsing device lead, ablatie, PCIS)
- Behandeling:
o Urgente drainage pericardeffusie
▪ Pericardiocentese
▪ Chirurgisch




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