BIOD 152 MODULE 7 PROBLEM SET EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Complete the following:
Animalia
1. Environmental adaption:
2. Growth over a lifecycle:
3. Produce new offspring:
4. Biochemical process of obtaining energy:
5. Organism level homeostasis:
6. Major cell type: Answer: 1. Hibernation, fur/hair, camouflage
2. gametes-->embryo-->fetus-->newborn-->child-->adult
3. sexual
4. Heterotrophic, aerobic
5. Shivering, bp regulation, blood sugar regulation
6. Multicellular, eukaryotic
◉ What are some key characteristics of a "good" biological model
system? Answer: 1. Inexpensive to maintain
2. Ease of maintenance
,3. Physical size is convenient
4. short life cycles
5. Can be genetically manipulated
6. Economically feasible
◉ What is the law of conservation of mass? Answer: Energy is
conserved, or recycled within an ecosystem (and the biosphere
general). Examples of this principle are evident with the water,
carbon, phosphorus, and nitrogen cycles.
◉ Why are humans not considered the perfect model, even though
the research gleaned is intended to benefit humans? Answer: #1 is
ethical considerations, but also b/c of our complex interactions and
life cycles it's difficult to isolate one system
◉ What is phylogeny? Answer: The evolutionary history of a species
or group of related species
◉ Who was the first to use organismal DNA sequences to construct
phylogenetic trees? Answer: Carl Woese
◉ In Archaea, what is the cell wall composed of? Answer:
pseudopeptidoglycan - composed of branched hydrocarbon chains
attached to a glycerol via ether linkage
,◉ Define gram positive bacteria Answer: have a thick layer of
peptidoglycan causing crystal violet to mask the red safranin dye;
making it appear purple
◉ Define gram negative bacteria Answer: have a very thin layer of
peptidoglycan wall that is underneath a specialized, out membrane
composed of a lipopolysaccharide. This causes the red safranin dye
to dye the membrane RED/PINK
◉ Describe a commensal host relationship Answer: interactive but
bacteria benefit and other is unaffected
◉ Describe a mutualistic host relationship Answer: interactions
benefit host and bacteria
◉ Describe a pathogenic host relationship Answer: (parasitic)
interactions harm the host (strep throat)
◉ Autotrophic prokaryotes are responsible for releasing ___ into the
atmosphere and releasing (or fixing) atmospheric ___ into a useable
form Answer: Oxygen, Nitrogen
◉ What domain does antibiotics come from? Answer: Eubacteria
, ◉ What is a hyphae? A mycelium? Answer: Hyphae - tubular cell
walls which surround the plasma membrane and cytoplasm of
individual fungal cells. They grow upward through the stem and into
reproduction systems - where spores are found
Mycelium- are the root system, project downward and absorb
nutrients
◉ What is plasmodium? and the 4 types? Answer: protozoan that
causes malaria and destroys red blood cells
P. falciparum, P. malaria, P. ovale, P. vivax
◉ Describe binary fission Answer: asexual reproduction where the
parent body is pinched into 2 halves = 2 daughter organisms each
with their own nuclei
◉ What are vascular plants? Answer: plants that have tube like
structures that move water and nutrients to the organs of the plant.
Ex: flowering plants; conifers and ferns
◉ What are avascular plants? Answer: lack the formation of tubes to
transport water and nutrients. Ex: mosses, liverworts, and some
green algae
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Complete the following:
Animalia
1. Environmental adaption:
2. Growth over a lifecycle:
3. Produce new offspring:
4. Biochemical process of obtaining energy:
5. Organism level homeostasis:
6. Major cell type: Answer: 1. Hibernation, fur/hair, camouflage
2. gametes-->embryo-->fetus-->newborn-->child-->adult
3. sexual
4. Heterotrophic, aerobic
5. Shivering, bp regulation, blood sugar regulation
6. Multicellular, eukaryotic
◉ What are some key characteristics of a "good" biological model
system? Answer: 1. Inexpensive to maintain
2. Ease of maintenance
,3. Physical size is convenient
4. short life cycles
5. Can be genetically manipulated
6. Economically feasible
◉ What is the law of conservation of mass? Answer: Energy is
conserved, or recycled within an ecosystem (and the biosphere
general). Examples of this principle are evident with the water,
carbon, phosphorus, and nitrogen cycles.
◉ Why are humans not considered the perfect model, even though
the research gleaned is intended to benefit humans? Answer: #1 is
ethical considerations, but also b/c of our complex interactions and
life cycles it's difficult to isolate one system
◉ What is phylogeny? Answer: The evolutionary history of a species
or group of related species
◉ Who was the first to use organismal DNA sequences to construct
phylogenetic trees? Answer: Carl Woese
◉ In Archaea, what is the cell wall composed of? Answer:
pseudopeptidoglycan - composed of branched hydrocarbon chains
attached to a glycerol via ether linkage
,◉ Define gram positive bacteria Answer: have a thick layer of
peptidoglycan causing crystal violet to mask the red safranin dye;
making it appear purple
◉ Define gram negative bacteria Answer: have a very thin layer of
peptidoglycan wall that is underneath a specialized, out membrane
composed of a lipopolysaccharide. This causes the red safranin dye
to dye the membrane RED/PINK
◉ Describe a commensal host relationship Answer: interactive but
bacteria benefit and other is unaffected
◉ Describe a mutualistic host relationship Answer: interactions
benefit host and bacteria
◉ Describe a pathogenic host relationship Answer: (parasitic)
interactions harm the host (strep throat)
◉ Autotrophic prokaryotes are responsible for releasing ___ into the
atmosphere and releasing (or fixing) atmospheric ___ into a useable
form Answer: Oxygen, Nitrogen
◉ What domain does antibiotics come from? Answer: Eubacteria
, ◉ What is a hyphae? A mycelium? Answer: Hyphae - tubular cell
walls which surround the plasma membrane and cytoplasm of
individual fungal cells. They grow upward through the stem and into
reproduction systems - where spores are found
Mycelium- are the root system, project downward and absorb
nutrients
◉ What is plasmodium? and the 4 types? Answer: protozoan that
causes malaria and destroys red blood cells
P. falciparum, P. malaria, P. ovale, P. vivax
◉ Describe binary fission Answer: asexual reproduction where the
parent body is pinched into 2 halves = 2 daughter organisms each
with their own nuclei
◉ What are vascular plants? Answer: plants that have tube like
structures that move water and nutrients to the organs of the plant.
Ex: flowering plants; conifers and ferns
◉ What are avascular plants? Answer: lack the formation of tubes to
transport water and nutrients. Ex: mosses, liverworts, and some
green algae
