BIO 245 Klesath NCSU Exam 1 Endocrine Hormones Questions and Answers Already Passed
Functions of the Endocrine System - Answers 1. Regulate development, growth, and metabolism
2. Maintain homeostasis of blood
3. Control digestive processes
4. Control reproductive activities
Major endocrine glands - Answers 1. Pituitary
2. Pineal
3. Thyroid
4. Adrenal
Organs and tissues of endocrine system - Answers 1. Hypothalamus
2. Skin
3. Heart
4. Liver
5. Stomach
6. Pancreas
7. Small intestine
8. Adipose connective tissue
9. Kidney
10. Gonads (testes and ovaries)
Anterior pituitary's hormones - Answers 1. Thyroid stimulating Hormone (TSH): stimulates
thyroid to release thyroid hormone (TH)
2. Prolactin (PRL)- regulates mammary gland growth and breast milk production in females;
may increase testosterone secretion in males
3. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)- development of oocyte and ovarian follicle within ovaries,
controls development of sperm in testes
4. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)- induces ovulation of secondary oocyte from ovarian follicle
5. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)- Stimulates adrenal cortex to release cortisol
, 6. Growth Hormone (GH)- release insulin like growth factors (IGFs) from liver, GH and IGFs
function synergistically inducing growth
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) - Answers stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid
hormone (TH)
Prolactin (PRL) - Answers regulates mammary gland growth and breast milk production in
females; may increase testosterone secretion in males
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) - Answers development of oocyte and ovarian follicle within
ovaries, controls development of sperm in testes
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - Answers induces ovulation of secondary oocyte from ovarian follicle
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) - Answers Stimulates adrenal cortex to release cortisol
Growth Hormone (GH) - Answers release insulin like growth factors (IGFs) from liver, GH and
IGFs function synergistically inducing growth
Pineal Gland's Hormone - Answers Melatonin: regulate body's circadian rhythms, sexual
maturation)
Melatonin - Answers regulate body's circadian rhythms, sexual maturation
Thyroid Gland's Hormone - Answers Thyroid Hormones (TH): increase metabolic rate of all cells,
increases heat
-T3 & T4
Thyroid Hormones (TH) - Answers increase metabolic rate of all cells, increases heat
-T3 & T4
- T4 made more but is converted to T3
Parathyroid Hormones (PTH) - Answers -Secreted by chief cells
-Increase blood calcium by:
1. Release of calcium from bone tissue
2. Decrease calcium in urine
-Causes calcitriol hormone to form (increase ca absorb in small intestine)
Adrenal Cortex's Hormones - Answers 1. Mineralocorticoids (eg aldosterone): ions: Regulate Na
down and K up in urine
2. Glucocorticoids (eg cortisol): stress response, increase glucose available in blood
Functions of the Endocrine System - Answers 1. Regulate development, growth, and metabolism
2. Maintain homeostasis of blood
3. Control digestive processes
4. Control reproductive activities
Major endocrine glands - Answers 1. Pituitary
2. Pineal
3. Thyroid
4. Adrenal
Organs and tissues of endocrine system - Answers 1. Hypothalamus
2. Skin
3. Heart
4. Liver
5. Stomach
6. Pancreas
7. Small intestine
8. Adipose connective tissue
9. Kidney
10. Gonads (testes and ovaries)
Anterior pituitary's hormones - Answers 1. Thyroid stimulating Hormone (TSH): stimulates
thyroid to release thyroid hormone (TH)
2. Prolactin (PRL)- regulates mammary gland growth and breast milk production in females;
may increase testosterone secretion in males
3. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)- development of oocyte and ovarian follicle within ovaries,
controls development of sperm in testes
4. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)- induces ovulation of secondary oocyte from ovarian follicle
5. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)- Stimulates adrenal cortex to release cortisol
, 6. Growth Hormone (GH)- release insulin like growth factors (IGFs) from liver, GH and IGFs
function synergistically inducing growth
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) - Answers stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid
hormone (TH)
Prolactin (PRL) - Answers regulates mammary gland growth and breast milk production in
females; may increase testosterone secretion in males
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) - Answers development of oocyte and ovarian follicle within
ovaries, controls development of sperm in testes
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - Answers induces ovulation of secondary oocyte from ovarian follicle
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) - Answers Stimulates adrenal cortex to release cortisol
Growth Hormone (GH) - Answers release insulin like growth factors (IGFs) from liver, GH and
IGFs function synergistically inducing growth
Pineal Gland's Hormone - Answers Melatonin: regulate body's circadian rhythms, sexual
maturation)
Melatonin - Answers regulate body's circadian rhythms, sexual maturation
Thyroid Gland's Hormone - Answers Thyroid Hormones (TH): increase metabolic rate of all cells,
increases heat
-T3 & T4
Thyroid Hormones (TH) - Answers increase metabolic rate of all cells, increases heat
-T3 & T4
- T4 made more but is converted to T3
Parathyroid Hormones (PTH) - Answers -Secreted by chief cells
-Increase blood calcium by:
1. Release of calcium from bone tissue
2. Decrease calcium in urine
-Causes calcitriol hormone to form (increase ca absorb in small intestine)
Adrenal Cortex's Hormones - Answers 1. Mineralocorticoids (eg aldosterone): ions: Regulate Na
down and K up in urine
2. Glucocorticoids (eg cortisol): stress response, increase glucose available in blood
