NUR 160
Fundamental Concepts of Practical
Nursing II
Proctored Midterm Exam
2026
(With Solutions)
Section A: Multiple Choice (10 Questions)
1. Case: A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide.
Question: Which lab value must be monitored closely?
o A. Sodium
o B. Potassium
o C. Calcium
o D. Hemoglobin
Answer: B. Potassium
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause potassium loss, increasing risk of arrhythmias.
2. Case: A patient is receiving IV antibiotics.
Question: Which sign indicates phlebitis?
o A. Cool skin at site
o B. Redness, warmth, tenderness along vein
o C. Clear drainage
o D. Increased urine output
Answer: B. Redness, warmth, tenderness along vein
Rationale: Classic signs of phlebitis.
3. Case: A nurse is preparing to administer insulin.
Question: Which principle ensures safety?
o A. Use one patient identifier
o B. Verify dose with another nurse
o C. Skip allergy check
o D. Administer without blood glucose check
Answer: B. Verify dose with another nurse
, Rationale: Insulin is high-alert medication requiring double-check.
4. Case: A patient is on contact precautions.
Question: Which PPE is required?
o A. Mask only
o B. Gloves and gown
o C. Goggles only
o D. Shoe covers
Answer: B. Gloves and gown
Rationale: Prevents transmission of organisms via direct contact.
5. Case: A patient reports pain 9/10 after surgery.
Question: Which intervention is priority?
o A. Document pain score
o B. Administer prescribed analgesic
o C. Encourage ambulation
o D. Delay intervention
Answer: B. Administer prescribed analgesic
Rationale: Pain management is essential for recovery.
6. Case: A nurse is teaching deep breathing exercises.
Question: Which condition benefits most?
o A. Hypertension
o B. Atelectasis prevention
o C. Diabetes
o D. Arthritis
Answer: B. Atelectasis prevention
Rationale: Deep breathing expands alveoli, preventing collapse.
7. Case: A patient is at risk for aspiration.
Question: Which position is safest during feeding?
o A. Supine
o B. Semi-Fowler’s
o C. Trendelenburg
o D. Prone
Answer: B. Semi-Fowler’s
Rationale: Upright position reduces aspiration risk.
, 8. Case: A patient is prescribed digoxin.
Question: Which vital sign must be checked before administration?
o A. Respiratory rate
o B. Apical pulse
o C. Blood pressure
o D. Temperature
Answer: B. Apical pulse
Rationale: Hold if <60 bpm due to risk of bradycardia.
9. Case: A patient is confused and pulling at IV lines.
Question: Which intervention is most appropriate?
o A. Apply restraints immediately
o B. Use distraction and reorientation
o C. Remove IV line
o D. Ignore behavior
Answer: B. Use distraction and reorientation
Rationale: Least restrictive interventions are prioritized.
10. Case: A patient is receiving blood transfusion.
Question: Which reaction requires immediate discontinuation?
• A. Mild headache
• B. Rash and itching
• C. Fever and chills
• D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
Rationale: Any transfusion reaction requires stopping infusion.
Section B: True/False (10 Questions)
11. The nursing process is cyclical and ongoing.
Answer: True
Rationale: Continuous reassessment ensures effective care.
12. Sterile gloves are required for urinary catheter insertion.
Answer: True
Rationale: Prevents infection during invasive procedure.
Fundamental Concepts of Practical
Nursing II
Proctored Midterm Exam
2026
(With Solutions)
Section A: Multiple Choice (10 Questions)
1. Case: A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide.
Question: Which lab value must be monitored closely?
o A. Sodium
o B. Potassium
o C. Calcium
o D. Hemoglobin
Answer: B. Potassium
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause potassium loss, increasing risk of arrhythmias.
2. Case: A patient is receiving IV antibiotics.
Question: Which sign indicates phlebitis?
o A. Cool skin at site
o B. Redness, warmth, tenderness along vein
o C. Clear drainage
o D. Increased urine output
Answer: B. Redness, warmth, tenderness along vein
Rationale: Classic signs of phlebitis.
3. Case: A nurse is preparing to administer insulin.
Question: Which principle ensures safety?
o A. Use one patient identifier
o B. Verify dose with another nurse
o C. Skip allergy check
o D. Administer without blood glucose check
Answer: B. Verify dose with another nurse
, Rationale: Insulin is high-alert medication requiring double-check.
4. Case: A patient is on contact precautions.
Question: Which PPE is required?
o A. Mask only
o B. Gloves and gown
o C. Goggles only
o D. Shoe covers
Answer: B. Gloves and gown
Rationale: Prevents transmission of organisms via direct contact.
5. Case: A patient reports pain 9/10 after surgery.
Question: Which intervention is priority?
o A. Document pain score
o B. Administer prescribed analgesic
o C. Encourage ambulation
o D. Delay intervention
Answer: B. Administer prescribed analgesic
Rationale: Pain management is essential for recovery.
6. Case: A nurse is teaching deep breathing exercises.
Question: Which condition benefits most?
o A. Hypertension
o B. Atelectasis prevention
o C. Diabetes
o D. Arthritis
Answer: B. Atelectasis prevention
Rationale: Deep breathing expands alveoli, preventing collapse.
7. Case: A patient is at risk for aspiration.
Question: Which position is safest during feeding?
o A. Supine
o B. Semi-Fowler’s
o C. Trendelenburg
o D. Prone
Answer: B. Semi-Fowler’s
Rationale: Upright position reduces aspiration risk.
, 8. Case: A patient is prescribed digoxin.
Question: Which vital sign must be checked before administration?
o A. Respiratory rate
o B. Apical pulse
o C. Blood pressure
o D. Temperature
Answer: B. Apical pulse
Rationale: Hold if <60 bpm due to risk of bradycardia.
9. Case: A patient is confused and pulling at IV lines.
Question: Which intervention is most appropriate?
o A. Apply restraints immediately
o B. Use distraction and reorientation
o C. Remove IV line
o D. Ignore behavior
Answer: B. Use distraction and reorientation
Rationale: Least restrictive interventions are prioritized.
10. Case: A patient is receiving blood transfusion.
Question: Which reaction requires immediate discontinuation?
• A. Mild headache
• B. Rash and itching
• C. Fever and chills
• D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
Rationale: Any transfusion reaction requires stopping infusion.
Section B: True/False (10 Questions)
11. The nursing process is cyclical and ongoing.
Answer: True
Rationale: Continuous reassessment ensures effective care.
12. Sterile gloves are required for urinary catheter insertion.
Answer: True
Rationale: Prevents infection during invasive procedure.
