NSG 263 EXAM 2 FINAL PAPER EXAM FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
ALREADY PASSED 2026.
⫸ uses of public health surveillance Answer: identify, detect,
estimate, measure, monitor, assess, develop
⫸ identify Answer: patients and their contacts for treatment and
intervention
⫸ detect Answer: epidemics, health problems, changes in health
behaviors
⫸ estimate Answer: magnitude and scope of health problems
⫸ measure Answer: trends and characterize disease
⫸ monitor Answer: changes in infectious and environmental agents
⫸ assess Answer: effectiveness of programs and control measures
⫸ develop Answer: hypotheses and stimulate research
,⫸ types of public health surveillance Answer: passive, active,
syndromic
⫸ passive surveillance Answer: diseases are reported by healthcare
providers, simple and inexpensive, limited by incompleteness of
reporting and variability of quality (receiving info)
⫸ active surveillance Answer: health agencies contact health
providers seeking reports, ensures more complete reporting of
conditions, used in conjunction with specific epidemiological
investigation (seeking out info)
⫸ passive surveillance examples Answer: ohio's communicable
disease reporting laws, calls from concerned citizens, grapevine,
social networking
⫸ _____________ surveillance is most common historically but
since 9/11 and new tech, may be________________ Answer: passive,
overshadowed by active methods
⫸ active surveillance examples Answer: computers and social media
monitor data to detect unusual patterns, when a spike in activity is
seen epidemiologists and public health professionals are alerted,
"content experts" evaluate alerts for validity and take action if
warranted
⫸ syndromic surveillance focuses on Answer: one or more symptoms
rather than a physician-diagnosed or lab-confirmed disease
,⫸ surveillance process Answer: 1. determine overarching goal
2. data collection
3. data interpretation
4. data dissemination
5. link to action
⫸ data sources for public health surveillance Answer: reported
diseases or syndromes, EHR (hospital discharge data), vital records
(birth and death certificates), registries (cancer, immunization),
surveys (national health and nutrition exam survey (NHANES))
⫸ many diseases on a state list are also Answer: nationally notifiable
⫸ reporting to WHO is required for cases of Answer: smallpox,
poliomyelitis (wild type), human influenza caused by any new
subtype, severe acute resp syndrome (SARS)
⫸ surveillance data analysis questions Answer: who will analyze the
data? what methodology will they use? how often will they analyze
the data?
⫸ surveillance data interpretation is closely coupled with Answer:
data analysis
, ⫸ data dissemination Answer: 1. health agency newsletters, bulletins
or alerts
2. surveillance summaries and reports
3. medical and epidemiologic journal articles
4. press releases and social media
⫸ data dissemination target audiences Answer: public health
practitioners, clinicians and other health care providers, policy and
other decision makers, community organizations, the general public
⫸ public health surveillance should always have a Answer: link to
action
⫸ link to action: monitor Answer: trends and patterns in disease, risk
factors, and agents
⫸ public health surveillance based action Answer: 1. describe the
burden of or potential for disease
2. monitor trends and patterns in disease, risk factors, and agents
3. detect sudden changes in disease occurrence and disturbance
4. provide data for programs, policies, and priorities
5. evaluate prevention and control efforts
⫸ why do we investigate outbreaks Answer: to control and prevent
further disease spread, to evaluate severity and risk to others, identify
causes/risk factors, address public, political, legal concerns, identify
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
ALREADY PASSED 2026.
⫸ uses of public health surveillance Answer: identify, detect,
estimate, measure, monitor, assess, develop
⫸ identify Answer: patients and their contacts for treatment and
intervention
⫸ detect Answer: epidemics, health problems, changes in health
behaviors
⫸ estimate Answer: magnitude and scope of health problems
⫸ measure Answer: trends and characterize disease
⫸ monitor Answer: changes in infectious and environmental agents
⫸ assess Answer: effectiveness of programs and control measures
⫸ develop Answer: hypotheses and stimulate research
,⫸ types of public health surveillance Answer: passive, active,
syndromic
⫸ passive surveillance Answer: diseases are reported by healthcare
providers, simple and inexpensive, limited by incompleteness of
reporting and variability of quality (receiving info)
⫸ active surveillance Answer: health agencies contact health
providers seeking reports, ensures more complete reporting of
conditions, used in conjunction with specific epidemiological
investigation (seeking out info)
⫸ passive surveillance examples Answer: ohio's communicable
disease reporting laws, calls from concerned citizens, grapevine,
social networking
⫸ _____________ surveillance is most common historically but
since 9/11 and new tech, may be________________ Answer: passive,
overshadowed by active methods
⫸ active surveillance examples Answer: computers and social media
monitor data to detect unusual patterns, when a spike in activity is
seen epidemiologists and public health professionals are alerted,
"content experts" evaluate alerts for validity and take action if
warranted
⫸ syndromic surveillance focuses on Answer: one or more symptoms
rather than a physician-diagnosed or lab-confirmed disease
,⫸ surveillance process Answer: 1. determine overarching goal
2. data collection
3. data interpretation
4. data dissemination
5. link to action
⫸ data sources for public health surveillance Answer: reported
diseases or syndromes, EHR (hospital discharge data), vital records
(birth and death certificates), registries (cancer, immunization),
surveys (national health and nutrition exam survey (NHANES))
⫸ many diseases on a state list are also Answer: nationally notifiable
⫸ reporting to WHO is required for cases of Answer: smallpox,
poliomyelitis (wild type), human influenza caused by any new
subtype, severe acute resp syndrome (SARS)
⫸ surveillance data analysis questions Answer: who will analyze the
data? what methodology will they use? how often will they analyze
the data?
⫸ surveillance data interpretation is closely coupled with Answer:
data analysis
, ⫸ data dissemination Answer: 1. health agency newsletters, bulletins
or alerts
2. surveillance summaries and reports
3. medical and epidemiologic journal articles
4. press releases and social media
⫸ data dissemination target audiences Answer: public health
practitioners, clinicians and other health care providers, policy and
other decision makers, community organizations, the general public
⫸ public health surveillance should always have a Answer: link to
action
⫸ link to action: monitor Answer: trends and patterns in disease, risk
factors, and agents
⫸ public health surveillance based action Answer: 1. describe the
burden of or potential for disease
2. monitor trends and patterns in disease, risk factors, and agents
3. detect sudden changes in disease occurrence and disturbance
4. provide data for programs, policies, and priorities
5. evaluate prevention and control efforts
⫸ why do we investigate outbreaks Answer: to control and prevent
further disease spread, to evaluate severity and risk to others, identify
causes/risk factors, address public, political, legal concerns, identify
