PSYC 301 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS|Latest 2026 Release|Already
Graded A+|Sure To Pass
1. What does a Repeated Measures One-Way ANOVA test?
Mean differences in repeated-measure studies with 3 or more levels of a single
factor.
2. How is notation in repeated-measures ANOVA analogous to between-subjects
ANOVA?
T (sum of scores within a condition), k (levels of the IV), and G (grand total) are
used in the same way.
3. What does T represent in repeated-measures ANOVA?
The sum of scores within each condition.
4. What does k represent?
Number of levels of the independent variable.
5. What does G represent?
Grand total of all scores across all conditions.
6. What does n represent?
Sample size (number of participants).
7. What does P represent?
The sum total of scores for each person across all conditions.
1
,8. Why does the sum of all P values equal G?
Because adding all individual sums equals the grand total of all scores.
9. What are the two sources of between-treatments variability?
Treatment effect and experimental error.
10. Why don't individual differences contribute to between-treatments variability?
They are constant across conditions in repeated measures.
11. What are the two sources of within-treatments variability?
Individual differences and experimental error.
12. What does between-subjects variability represent in repeated-measures
ANOVA?
The effects of individual differences between participants.
13. How is individual-difference variability used in repeated-measures ANOVA?
It is subtracted from within-treatment variability to estimate experimental error.
14. What serves as the 'error term' in repeated-measures ANOVA?
Experimental error.
15. What is the formula for SSerror?
SSerror = SSwithin treatments − SSbetween subjects.
16. What is the conceptual form of the repeated-measures F ratio?
F = (treatment effect + experimental error) / experimental error.
2
,17. What is the computational F ratio formula?
F = MSbetween treatments / MSerror.
18. What is the formula for SStotal in repeated-measures ANOVA?
SStotal = ΣX² − (G² / N).
19. What does SStotal represent?
Total variability across all scores in the study.
20. How is SSwithin treatments computed?
SSwithin = ΣSS within each treatment.
21. What is the formula for SSbetween treatments?
SSbetween = Σ(T² / n) − (G² / N).
22. How does repeated-measures SSbetween structurally compare to between-
subjects ANOVA?
It is structurally identical.
23. What is the formula for SSbetween subjects?
SSbetween subjects = Σ(P² / k) − (G² / N).
24. How is SSerror calculated once SSwithin and SSbetween subjects are known?
SSerror = SSwithin − SSbetween subjects.
25. What is the formula for dftotal?
3
, N − 1.
26. What is the formula for dfbetween treatments?
k − 1.
27. What is the formula for dfwithin treatments?
N − k.
28. What is the formula for dfbetween subjects?
n − 1.
29. What is the formula for dferror?
(N − k) − (n − 1).
30. What is the formula for MSbetween treatments?
MSbetween treatments = SSbetween treatments / dfbetween treatments.
31. What is the formula for MSerror?
MSerror = SSerror / dferror.
32. What is the formula for the repeated-measures F ratio?
F = MSbetween treatments / MSerror.
33. How do you interpret the F statistic?
Same as in between-subjects ANOVA—compare to critical value based on df.
34. What determines the relevant F distribution?
4
ANSWERS|Latest 2026 Release|Already
Graded A+|Sure To Pass
1. What does a Repeated Measures One-Way ANOVA test?
Mean differences in repeated-measure studies with 3 or more levels of a single
factor.
2. How is notation in repeated-measures ANOVA analogous to between-subjects
ANOVA?
T (sum of scores within a condition), k (levels of the IV), and G (grand total) are
used in the same way.
3. What does T represent in repeated-measures ANOVA?
The sum of scores within each condition.
4. What does k represent?
Number of levels of the independent variable.
5. What does G represent?
Grand total of all scores across all conditions.
6. What does n represent?
Sample size (number of participants).
7. What does P represent?
The sum total of scores for each person across all conditions.
1
,8. Why does the sum of all P values equal G?
Because adding all individual sums equals the grand total of all scores.
9. What are the two sources of between-treatments variability?
Treatment effect and experimental error.
10. Why don't individual differences contribute to between-treatments variability?
They are constant across conditions in repeated measures.
11. What are the two sources of within-treatments variability?
Individual differences and experimental error.
12. What does between-subjects variability represent in repeated-measures
ANOVA?
The effects of individual differences between participants.
13. How is individual-difference variability used in repeated-measures ANOVA?
It is subtracted from within-treatment variability to estimate experimental error.
14. What serves as the 'error term' in repeated-measures ANOVA?
Experimental error.
15. What is the formula for SSerror?
SSerror = SSwithin treatments − SSbetween subjects.
16. What is the conceptual form of the repeated-measures F ratio?
F = (treatment effect + experimental error) / experimental error.
2
,17. What is the computational F ratio formula?
F = MSbetween treatments / MSerror.
18. What is the formula for SStotal in repeated-measures ANOVA?
SStotal = ΣX² − (G² / N).
19. What does SStotal represent?
Total variability across all scores in the study.
20. How is SSwithin treatments computed?
SSwithin = ΣSS within each treatment.
21. What is the formula for SSbetween treatments?
SSbetween = Σ(T² / n) − (G² / N).
22. How does repeated-measures SSbetween structurally compare to between-
subjects ANOVA?
It is structurally identical.
23. What is the formula for SSbetween subjects?
SSbetween subjects = Σ(P² / k) − (G² / N).
24. How is SSerror calculated once SSwithin and SSbetween subjects are known?
SSerror = SSwithin − SSbetween subjects.
25. What is the formula for dftotal?
3
, N − 1.
26. What is the formula for dfbetween treatments?
k − 1.
27. What is the formula for dfwithin treatments?
N − k.
28. What is the formula for dfbetween subjects?
n − 1.
29. What is the formula for dferror?
(N − k) − (n − 1).
30. What is the formula for MSbetween treatments?
MSbetween treatments = SSbetween treatments / dfbetween treatments.
31. What is the formula for MSerror?
MSerror = SSerror / dferror.
32. What is the formula for the repeated-measures F ratio?
F = MSbetween treatments / MSerror.
33. How do you interpret the F statistic?
Same as in between-subjects ANOVA—compare to critical value based on df.
34. What determines the relevant F distribution?
4
