NSG 345- Exam #1 Review questions with
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answers
inhaled glucocorticoids - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Examples: beclomethasone, dexamethasone, |\ |\ |\
prednisone, fluticasone, mometasone. Anti-inflammatory
|\ |\ |\ |\
action treats allergic rhinitis. Long term asthma
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
treatment. Rinse mouth after use to prevent thrush! Side
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
effects: oral candidiasis, sore throat, dry mouth,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hyperglycemia, and fluid retention. *Canada albicans is |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
common infection seen with this med* Long term use
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
increases risk of osteoporosis. |\ |\ |\
decongestants - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Examples: |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
oxymetazoline (Afrin), pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine. |\ |\ |\ |\
Short term medications that reduce fluid secretion in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nose and produces nasal vascular constriction.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
*Contraindicated in hypertension and CAD* Side effects: |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
*rebound nasal congestion* |\ |\
biguanides - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Example: metformin.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Diabetes medication. Increases binding of insulin and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
glucose transport. Slowing glucose absorption.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
*Metformin should be held 48 hrs before and after
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
procedure of imaging with contrast* Side effects:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, decreased absorption of vitamin B12 and folic acid, GI
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
disturbances, *lactic acidosis*. |\ |\
GLP-1 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Examples: exenatide,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
liraglutide, dulaglutide. Treatment of type 2 diabetes and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
improves beta cell responsiveness. *Should NOT be given
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
to patients with type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
renal dysfunction, or severe GI disease. Exenatide given
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
by injectable prefilled pens (2x daily). Liraglutide given
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
SQ (1x daily).
|\ |\
benzodiazepines - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Examples: |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
promethazine, lorazepam, chlorpromazine. Medication |\ |\ |\ |\
depresses the CNS and indirectly controls |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nausea/vomiting with chemotherapy. *Gradually taper to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
discontinue* *Adverse effects: extrapyramidal symptoms |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
or extrapyramidal syndrome, hypotension.*
|\ |\ |\
anticholinergics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Examples: |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
tiotropium, ipratropium. Medications work as |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
maintenance treatment of bronchospasms associated |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
with COPD. Educate patient to increase fluids and suck on
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
candy to help with dry mouth! Adverse effects: dry
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mouth, GI distress, pharyngitis, sinusitis, headache,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
peripheral edema. |\
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
answers
inhaled glucocorticoids - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Examples: beclomethasone, dexamethasone, |\ |\ |\
prednisone, fluticasone, mometasone. Anti-inflammatory
|\ |\ |\ |\
action treats allergic rhinitis. Long term asthma
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
treatment. Rinse mouth after use to prevent thrush! Side
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
effects: oral candidiasis, sore throat, dry mouth,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hyperglycemia, and fluid retention. *Canada albicans is |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
common infection seen with this med* Long term use
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
increases risk of osteoporosis. |\ |\ |\
decongestants - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Examples: |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
oxymetazoline (Afrin), pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine. |\ |\ |\ |\
Short term medications that reduce fluid secretion in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nose and produces nasal vascular constriction.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
*Contraindicated in hypertension and CAD* Side effects: |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
*rebound nasal congestion* |\ |\
biguanides - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Example: metformin.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Diabetes medication. Increases binding of insulin and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
glucose transport. Slowing glucose absorption.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
*Metformin should be held 48 hrs before and after
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
procedure of imaging with contrast* Side effects:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, decreased absorption of vitamin B12 and folic acid, GI
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
disturbances, *lactic acidosis*. |\ |\
GLP-1 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Examples: exenatide,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
liraglutide, dulaglutide. Treatment of type 2 diabetes and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
improves beta cell responsiveness. *Should NOT be given
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
to patients with type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
renal dysfunction, or severe GI disease. Exenatide given
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
by injectable prefilled pens (2x daily). Liraglutide given
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
SQ (1x daily).
|\ |\
benzodiazepines - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Examples: |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
promethazine, lorazepam, chlorpromazine. Medication |\ |\ |\ |\
depresses the CNS and indirectly controls |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nausea/vomiting with chemotherapy. *Gradually taper to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
discontinue* *Adverse effects: extrapyramidal symptoms |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
or extrapyramidal syndrome, hypotension.*
|\ |\ |\
anticholinergics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Examples: |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
tiotropium, ipratropium. Medications work as |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
maintenance treatment of bronchospasms associated |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
with COPD. Educate patient to increase fluids and suck on
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
candy to help with dry mouth! Adverse effects: dry
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
mouth, GI distress, pharyngitis, sinusitis, headache,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
peripheral edema. |\
