MDC 2 EXAM 1 EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Maligant cells. Answer: Indicates cancer; serious and can lead to
death without interventions
◉ Seven warning signs of cancer. Answer: Change in bowel or
bladder habits
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
◉ stages of cancer development. Answer: initiation, promotion,
progression, metastasis
◉ Initiation stage. Answer: Normal cells are damaged, irreversible
◉ Promotion stage. Answer: required for malignancy - the
promoting agent simulates the growth and division of a cell
, ◉ Progression stage. Answer: The third stage in the development of
cancer, in which damaged cells progress to form a tumor that
invades surrounding tissues.
◉ Metastasis stage. Answer: move to a secondary site
◉ Primary prevention for cancer. Answer: -No smoking or second
hand smoke
-Exercise and good nutrition
-Maintain normal body weight
-Limit or eliminate alcohol intake
-Vaccines for preventable viral exposures (ex: Hep B and HPV)
-Avoid exposure to known carcinogens
-Avoid excess sunlight
◉ Secondary cancer prevention. Answer: Mamogram
Colinoscopy
Prostate exam
◉ Cancer classification. Answer: -grading
-ploidy
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Maligant cells. Answer: Indicates cancer; serious and can lead to
death without interventions
◉ Seven warning signs of cancer. Answer: Change in bowel or
bladder habits
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
◉ stages of cancer development. Answer: initiation, promotion,
progression, metastasis
◉ Initiation stage. Answer: Normal cells are damaged, irreversible
◉ Promotion stage. Answer: required for malignancy - the
promoting agent simulates the growth and division of a cell
, ◉ Progression stage. Answer: The third stage in the development of
cancer, in which damaged cells progress to form a tumor that
invades surrounding tissues.
◉ Metastasis stage. Answer: move to a secondary site
◉ Primary prevention for cancer. Answer: -No smoking or second
hand smoke
-Exercise and good nutrition
-Maintain normal body weight
-Limit or eliminate alcohol intake
-Vaccines for preventable viral exposures (ex: Hep B and HPV)
-Avoid exposure to known carcinogens
-Avoid excess sunlight
◉ Secondary cancer prevention. Answer: Mamogram
Colinoscopy
Prostate exam
◉ Cancer classification. Answer: -grading
-ploidy
