PHYSIOLOGY EXAM 4 PRACTICE QUESTIONS REVIEW
GUIDE // A+ GRADED PRESENTATION // BODY SYSTEM
FUNCTION CELLULAR MECHANISMS HOMEOSTASIS AND
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS FOR STUDENT MASTERY //
ACADEMIC YEAR 2025/2026
These proteolytic enzymes, in active form, would digest the very tissues
that synthesize them.
Why did scientists originally hypothesize that proteolytic enzymes such
as pepsin and trypsin are secreted in inactive form?
high insulin, low glucagon
Shortly after ingesting a big plate of carbohydrate-rich pasta, you
measure your blood's hormone levels. What results would you expect,
compared to before the meal?
rhythmic waves of contraction of the muscular layer surrounding the
alimentary canal that are responsible for moving contents of the lumen
along the length of the digestive tract
Peristalsis is the _____.
slow decrease of resting potential
If the activity of the sodium-potassium pump was completely stopped,
what would happen to the neuron's membrane potential?
refractory
Immediately after an action potential passes along an axon, it is not
possible to generate a second action potential. Thus, we state that the
membrane is briefly _____.
+62 mV
Opening all of the sodium channels on an otherwise typical neuron, with
all other ion channels closed (which is an admittedly artificial setting),
should move its membrane potential to _____.
are triggered by a depolarization that reaches the threshold
A common feature of action potentials is that they _____.
, open and close depending on stimuli, and are specific as to which ion
can traverse them
Two fundamental concepts about the ion channels of a "resting" neuron
are that the channels _____.
stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles
When the digestion and absorption of organic carbohydrates results in
more energy-rich molecules than are immediately required by an animal,
the excess is _____.
I, II, III, and IV
The pancreas is involved in the digestion of _____.
I) protein
II) fat
III) nucleic acids
IV) carbohydrates
When the level of glucose in the blood increases, the pancreas produces
and releases the hormone insulin. Insulin acts to decrease blood
glucose. As blood glucose decreases, the rate of production and release
of insulin decreases as blood glucose decreases.
Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?
cerebrum
Calculation, contemplation, and cognition are human activities
associated with increased activity in the _____.
relaxation of the airways in the lungs
Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to _____.
only II
In multiple sclerosis the myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain
and spinal cord are damaged and demyelination results. How does this
disease manifest at the level of the action potential?
I) Action potentials move in the opposite direction on the axon.
II) Action potentials move more slowly along the axon.
III) No action potentials are transmitted.
sympathetic
GUIDE // A+ GRADED PRESENTATION // BODY SYSTEM
FUNCTION CELLULAR MECHANISMS HOMEOSTASIS AND
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS FOR STUDENT MASTERY //
ACADEMIC YEAR 2025/2026
These proteolytic enzymes, in active form, would digest the very tissues
that synthesize them.
Why did scientists originally hypothesize that proteolytic enzymes such
as pepsin and trypsin are secreted in inactive form?
high insulin, low glucagon
Shortly after ingesting a big plate of carbohydrate-rich pasta, you
measure your blood's hormone levels. What results would you expect,
compared to before the meal?
rhythmic waves of contraction of the muscular layer surrounding the
alimentary canal that are responsible for moving contents of the lumen
along the length of the digestive tract
Peristalsis is the _____.
slow decrease of resting potential
If the activity of the sodium-potassium pump was completely stopped,
what would happen to the neuron's membrane potential?
refractory
Immediately after an action potential passes along an axon, it is not
possible to generate a second action potential. Thus, we state that the
membrane is briefly _____.
+62 mV
Opening all of the sodium channels on an otherwise typical neuron, with
all other ion channels closed (which is an admittedly artificial setting),
should move its membrane potential to _____.
are triggered by a depolarization that reaches the threshold
A common feature of action potentials is that they _____.
, open and close depending on stimuli, and are specific as to which ion
can traverse them
Two fundamental concepts about the ion channels of a "resting" neuron
are that the channels _____.
stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles
When the digestion and absorption of organic carbohydrates results in
more energy-rich molecules than are immediately required by an animal,
the excess is _____.
I, II, III, and IV
The pancreas is involved in the digestion of _____.
I) protein
II) fat
III) nucleic acids
IV) carbohydrates
When the level of glucose in the blood increases, the pancreas produces
and releases the hormone insulin. Insulin acts to decrease blood
glucose. As blood glucose decreases, the rate of production and release
of insulin decreases as blood glucose decreases.
Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?
cerebrum
Calculation, contemplation, and cognition are human activities
associated with increased activity in the _____.
relaxation of the airways in the lungs
Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to _____.
only II
In multiple sclerosis the myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain
and spinal cord are damaged and demyelination results. How does this
disease manifest at the level of the action potential?
I) Action potentials move in the opposite direction on the axon.
II) Action potentials move more slowly along the axon.
III) No action potentials are transmitted.
sympathetic
