EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI RN MEDICAL
SURGICAL FINAL EXAM PRACTICE
2025/ACTUAL EXAM 150 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES/ EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI RN
MED-SURG NEWEST EXAM 2025.
Which assessment is most important for the nurse to perform on a client who
is hospitalized for Guillain-Barre syndrome that is rapidly progressing?
A: Respiratory
effort.
B: Unsteady
gait.
C: Intensity of
pain. D: Ability to
eat.
A: Respiratory Effort
Rationale:(Guillain-Barre syndrome causes paralysis or weakness that typically
starts at the feet and progresses upwards. As the condition progresses, the nurse
must ensure that the client is able to breathe effectively.)
A male client comes into the clinic with a history of penile discharge with painful,
burning urination. Which action should the nurse implement?
A: Collect a culture of the penile
discharge. B: Palpate the inguinal
lymph nodes gently. C: Observe for
scrotal swelling and redness. D:
,Express the discharge to determine
color.
A: Collect a culture of the penile
discharge.
Rationale: (Penile discharge with painful urination is commonly associated with
gonorrhea. The nurse should collect a culture of the penile discharge to determine the
cause of these symptoms. The cause must be determined or confirmed through
culture to identify the organism and ensure effective treatment.)
A client with history of atrial fibrillation is admitted to the telemetry unit with sudden
onset of shortness of breath. The nurse observes a new irregular heart rhythm and
should perform which assessment at this time?
A: Check for a pulse
deficit. B: Palpate the
apical impulse. C:
,Inspect jugular vein
pulse.
D: Examine for a carotid
bruit. A: Check for a
pulse deficit.
Rationale: (A client with a past history of atrial fibrillation may return to that
rhythm. Any signs of atrial fibrillation, such as sudden onset shortness of breath,
requires further investigation. The nurse should assess this client for a pulse deficit
because this condition occurs with atrial fibrillation.)
Which client should be further assessed for an ectopic
pregnancy? A: A 24-year-old with shoulder and lower
abdominal quadrant pain. B: A 33-year-old with
intermittent lower abdominal cramping.
C: A 20-year-old with fever and right lower abdominal colic.
D: A 40-year-old with jaundice and right lower abdominal pain.
A: A 24-year-old with shoulder and lower abdominal quadrant pain.
Rationale: (A 24-year-old with sudden onset of lower abdominal quadrant pain should
be assessed for an ectopic pregnancy. The pain can also be referred to the shoulder and
may be associated with vaginal bleeding.)
Which dietary assessment finding is most important for the nurse to address when
caring for a client with diabetic nephropathy?
A: Drinks a six pack of beer
every day. B: Enjoys a
hamburger once a month. C:
Eats fortified breakfast cereal
daily. D: Consumes beans and
rice every day. A: Drinks a six
pack of beer every day.
Rationale: (Drinking six beers every day is the dietary assessment finding most
important for the nurse to address when caring for a client with diabetic
nephropathy. The usual can of beer is 12 ounces (355 mL). Clients with diabetes are
recommended to drink no more than 12 ounces of beer per day because beer contains
carbohydrates that can create unhealthy fluctuations in blood glucose and promote
poorglucose control. Nephropathy is exacerbated by poor blood glucose control.)
Which assessment finding is of greatest concern to the nurse who is caring for a client
with stomatitis?
A: Cough brought on by
swallowing.
B: Sore throat caused by
, speaking. C: Painful and dry oral
cavity.
D: Unintended weight loss.
A: Cough brought on by swallowing.
Rationale:A cough brought on by swallowing is a sign of dysphagia, which is a finding
of particular concern in a client with stomatitis. Dysphagia can cause numerous
problems, including airway obstruction, and should be reported to the healthcare
provider immediately.
The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease. Which
genitourinary system complication should the nurse include in the teaching?
A: Altered sexual
response. B: Sterility. C:
Urinary incontinence.
D: Decreased pelvic
muscle tone. A: Altered
sexual response.
Rationale:
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a cardiovascular condition characterized by
narrowing of the arteries and reduced blood flow to the extremities. PAD is known to
alter the blood flow to the male's penis and is associated with erectile dysfunction in
men.
A 40-year-old female client has a history of smoking. Which finding should the nurse
identify as a risk factor for myocardia infarction?
A: Oral
contraceptives.
B: Senile
osteopenia.
C: Levothyroxine therapy.
D:
Pernicious anemia.
A: Oral contraceptives.
Women older than 35 years old who smoke and take oral contraceptives have an
increased risk of myocardial infarction or stroke.
A client has been told that there is cataract formation over both eyes. Which
finding should the nurse expect when assessing the client?
A: Decreased color
perception. B: Presence
of floaters.
C: Loss of central vision.
SURGICAL FINAL EXAM PRACTICE
2025/ACTUAL EXAM 150 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES/ EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI RN
MED-SURG NEWEST EXAM 2025.
Which assessment is most important for the nurse to perform on a client who
is hospitalized for Guillain-Barre syndrome that is rapidly progressing?
A: Respiratory
effort.
B: Unsteady
gait.
C: Intensity of
pain. D: Ability to
eat.
A: Respiratory Effort
Rationale:(Guillain-Barre syndrome causes paralysis or weakness that typically
starts at the feet and progresses upwards. As the condition progresses, the nurse
must ensure that the client is able to breathe effectively.)
A male client comes into the clinic with a history of penile discharge with painful,
burning urination. Which action should the nurse implement?
A: Collect a culture of the penile
discharge. B: Palpate the inguinal
lymph nodes gently. C: Observe for
scrotal swelling and redness. D:
,Express the discharge to determine
color.
A: Collect a culture of the penile
discharge.
Rationale: (Penile discharge with painful urination is commonly associated with
gonorrhea. The nurse should collect a culture of the penile discharge to determine the
cause of these symptoms. The cause must be determined or confirmed through
culture to identify the organism and ensure effective treatment.)
A client with history of atrial fibrillation is admitted to the telemetry unit with sudden
onset of shortness of breath. The nurse observes a new irregular heart rhythm and
should perform which assessment at this time?
A: Check for a pulse
deficit. B: Palpate the
apical impulse. C:
,Inspect jugular vein
pulse.
D: Examine for a carotid
bruit. A: Check for a
pulse deficit.
Rationale: (A client with a past history of atrial fibrillation may return to that
rhythm. Any signs of atrial fibrillation, such as sudden onset shortness of breath,
requires further investigation. The nurse should assess this client for a pulse deficit
because this condition occurs with atrial fibrillation.)
Which client should be further assessed for an ectopic
pregnancy? A: A 24-year-old with shoulder and lower
abdominal quadrant pain. B: A 33-year-old with
intermittent lower abdominal cramping.
C: A 20-year-old with fever and right lower abdominal colic.
D: A 40-year-old with jaundice and right lower abdominal pain.
A: A 24-year-old with shoulder and lower abdominal quadrant pain.
Rationale: (A 24-year-old with sudden onset of lower abdominal quadrant pain should
be assessed for an ectopic pregnancy. The pain can also be referred to the shoulder and
may be associated with vaginal bleeding.)
Which dietary assessment finding is most important for the nurse to address when
caring for a client with diabetic nephropathy?
A: Drinks a six pack of beer
every day. B: Enjoys a
hamburger once a month. C:
Eats fortified breakfast cereal
daily. D: Consumes beans and
rice every day. A: Drinks a six
pack of beer every day.
Rationale: (Drinking six beers every day is the dietary assessment finding most
important for the nurse to address when caring for a client with diabetic
nephropathy. The usual can of beer is 12 ounces (355 mL). Clients with diabetes are
recommended to drink no more than 12 ounces of beer per day because beer contains
carbohydrates that can create unhealthy fluctuations in blood glucose and promote
poorglucose control. Nephropathy is exacerbated by poor blood glucose control.)
Which assessment finding is of greatest concern to the nurse who is caring for a client
with stomatitis?
A: Cough brought on by
swallowing.
B: Sore throat caused by
, speaking. C: Painful and dry oral
cavity.
D: Unintended weight loss.
A: Cough brought on by swallowing.
Rationale:A cough brought on by swallowing is a sign of dysphagia, which is a finding
of particular concern in a client with stomatitis. Dysphagia can cause numerous
problems, including airway obstruction, and should be reported to the healthcare
provider immediately.
The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease. Which
genitourinary system complication should the nurse include in the teaching?
A: Altered sexual
response. B: Sterility. C:
Urinary incontinence.
D: Decreased pelvic
muscle tone. A: Altered
sexual response.
Rationale:
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a cardiovascular condition characterized by
narrowing of the arteries and reduced blood flow to the extremities. PAD is known to
alter the blood flow to the male's penis and is associated with erectile dysfunction in
men.
A 40-year-old female client has a history of smoking. Which finding should the nurse
identify as a risk factor for myocardia infarction?
A: Oral
contraceptives.
B: Senile
osteopenia.
C: Levothyroxine therapy.
D:
Pernicious anemia.
A: Oral contraceptives.
Women older than 35 years old who smoke and take oral contraceptives have an
increased risk of myocardial infarction or stroke.
A client has been told that there is cataract formation over both eyes. Which
finding should the nurse expect when assessing the client?
A: Decreased color
perception. B: Presence
of floaters.
C: Loss of central vision.
