PHL 100 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Suppose the scientists in the duplicator case Rachels and Rachels discuss offer to pay $1,000,000
to you or your heirs after you step into the duplicator. If the same-body theory is correct, whom
should they pay? - CORRECT ANSWERS c. Your heirs, because you are destroyed in the
duplication process.
If a valid argument is unsound, what must also be the case? - CORRECT ANSWERS a. It
must have at least one false premise.
What is the conclusion of the following argument?
Socrates is a philosopher.
All philosophers wear togas.
Anyone who wears a toga likes to dance.
Therefore, Socrates likes to dance. - CORRECT ANSWERS c. Socrates likes to dance.
Which is a premise of Paley's version of the design argument for God's existence? - CORRECT
ANSWERS c. There are wonders of nature: natural things such as the eye, with parts that
function well together for a clear purpose.
According to Rachels and Rachels, what is the significance of the fact that some names are
overwhelmingly more common in some cultural or economic groups than in others? -
CORRECT ANSWERS d. It illustrates a way that baby-naming behavior is influenced by
social forces beyond an individual's control.
Every unsound argument has a true conclusion. - CORRECT ANSWERS False
Some of them do, but not all
What is the best description of the following argument?
Sharks and whales live in the ocean.
,Sharks are mammals.
Therefore, whales are mammals. - CORRECT ANSWERS h. one or more false premises,
true conclusion, invalid
According to Singer, what is the moral status of typical westerners, who are not starving or poor,
giving money to famine relief efforts? - CORRECT ANSWERS a. It is not only good to
do: doing so is morally obligatory.
In the sense of Paley's design argument for God's existence, a wonder of nature is ... -
CORRECT ANSWERS a. a natural thing with parts that work together for a clear purpose.
Which of the following is neither a premise nor the conclusion of the knowledge argument? -
CORRECT ANSWERS d. If knowledge is possible, then physicalism is false.
What is the best description of the following argument?
All whales are fish.
All fish are aquatic mammals.
Therefore, all whales are aquatic mammals. - CORRECT ANSWERS d. Its premises are
false, but they would support its conclusion if they were true.
According to Singer, what is the relationship between how many people are in a position to help
someone and how much help they each should provide? - CORRECT ANSWERS d. If
more people are in a position to help, then it might not make a difference to how much each is
obliged to do.
Who is an author of Problems From Philosophy?
a. Crito
b. Bertrand Russell
c. Plato
d. Socrates
e. James Rachels
,f. Thales - CORRECT ANSWERS e. James Rachels
Suppose John Smith was a decent, funny man twenty years ago, but he is now cruel and
intolerant. How would Rachels and Rachels describe the relationship between John Smith then
and John Smith now? - CORRECT ANSWERS b. They are numerically the same person
but qualitatively different.
Every unsound argument has a false conclusion. - CORRECT ANSWERS False
Some of them do, but not all
In which of the following cases is there a praise-buster present? - CORRECT
ANSWERS c. While trying to kill someone with poison, you accidentally put a life-saving
drug into their drink.
Which claim best expresses Descartes' view about the relationship between mind and body? -
CORRECT ANSWERS c. The mind can exist without the body, and the body can exist
without the mind.
Which of the following is a claim made by some version of the Bundle Theory?
a. The explanation of a person's continued existence is the continued existence of a single Ego.
b. The existence of selves is a matter of grammar, not metaphysics.
c .Each person is a persisting purely mental thing.
d. What makes it true that someone can now see one thing and smell another is that the sight and
the smell are experiences had by a single Ego.
e. The explanation for the unity of a life is that the experiences in that life are all had by the same
person. - CORRECT ANSWERS b. The existence of selves is a matter of grammar, not
metaphysics.
Which claim would Hume most likely accept?
a. I can introspect my self but not my perceptions.
b. I can introspect both my self and my perceptions.
, c. I can introspect my perceptions but not my self.
d. I can introspect neither my self nor my perceptions. - CORRECT ANSWERS c. I can
introspect my perceptions but not my self.
The knowledge argument aims to show that dualism is false. - CORRECT
ANSWERS False
The knowledge argument aims to show that physicalism is false
The question "Is abortion morally permissible?" belongs to the part of philosophy known as
a. ethics
b. metaphysics
c. meta-ethics
d. epistemology - CORRECT ANSWERS a. ethics
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the view that the mind is the brain but we also
have eternal souls?
a. After you die, your soul will acquire a new body.
b. After you die, your soul has no experiences.
c. After you die, your soul has no beliefs.
d. After you die, your soul has no memories.
e. After you die, your soul has no character (personality).
f. After you die, your soul has no emotions. - CORRECT ANSWERS a. After you die,
your soul will acquire a new body.
Which of the following would the stronger of Singer's two moral principles require?
a. Preventing one bad thing while causing something else comparably bad to happen.
b. Preventing a bad thing by doing something wrong in itself.
c. Preventing a very bad thing from happening to someone else by allowing something slightly
bad to happen to yourself.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Suppose the scientists in the duplicator case Rachels and Rachels discuss offer to pay $1,000,000
to you or your heirs after you step into the duplicator. If the same-body theory is correct, whom
should they pay? - CORRECT ANSWERS c. Your heirs, because you are destroyed in the
duplication process.
If a valid argument is unsound, what must also be the case? - CORRECT ANSWERS a. It
must have at least one false premise.
What is the conclusion of the following argument?
Socrates is a philosopher.
All philosophers wear togas.
Anyone who wears a toga likes to dance.
Therefore, Socrates likes to dance. - CORRECT ANSWERS c. Socrates likes to dance.
Which is a premise of Paley's version of the design argument for God's existence? - CORRECT
ANSWERS c. There are wonders of nature: natural things such as the eye, with parts that
function well together for a clear purpose.
According to Rachels and Rachels, what is the significance of the fact that some names are
overwhelmingly more common in some cultural or economic groups than in others? -
CORRECT ANSWERS d. It illustrates a way that baby-naming behavior is influenced by
social forces beyond an individual's control.
Every unsound argument has a true conclusion. - CORRECT ANSWERS False
Some of them do, but not all
What is the best description of the following argument?
Sharks and whales live in the ocean.
,Sharks are mammals.
Therefore, whales are mammals. - CORRECT ANSWERS h. one or more false premises,
true conclusion, invalid
According to Singer, what is the moral status of typical westerners, who are not starving or poor,
giving money to famine relief efforts? - CORRECT ANSWERS a. It is not only good to
do: doing so is morally obligatory.
In the sense of Paley's design argument for God's existence, a wonder of nature is ... -
CORRECT ANSWERS a. a natural thing with parts that work together for a clear purpose.
Which of the following is neither a premise nor the conclusion of the knowledge argument? -
CORRECT ANSWERS d. If knowledge is possible, then physicalism is false.
What is the best description of the following argument?
All whales are fish.
All fish are aquatic mammals.
Therefore, all whales are aquatic mammals. - CORRECT ANSWERS d. Its premises are
false, but they would support its conclusion if they were true.
According to Singer, what is the relationship between how many people are in a position to help
someone and how much help they each should provide? - CORRECT ANSWERS d. If
more people are in a position to help, then it might not make a difference to how much each is
obliged to do.
Who is an author of Problems From Philosophy?
a. Crito
b. Bertrand Russell
c. Plato
d. Socrates
e. James Rachels
,f. Thales - CORRECT ANSWERS e. James Rachels
Suppose John Smith was a decent, funny man twenty years ago, but he is now cruel and
intolerant. How would Rachels and Rachels describe the relationship between John Smith then
and John Smith now? - CORRECT ANSWERS b. They are numerically the same person
but qualitatively different.
Every unsound argument has a false conclusion. - CORRECT ANSWERS False
Some of them do, but not all
In which of the following cases is there a praise-buster present? - CORRECT
ANSWERS c. While trying to kill someone with poison, you accidentally put a life-saving
drug into their drink.
Which claim best expresses Descartes' view about the relationship between mind and body? -
CORRECT ANSWERS c. The mind can exist without the body, and the body can exist
without the mind.
Which of the following is a claim made by some version of the Bundle Theory?
a. The explanation of a person's continued existence is the continued existence of a single Ego.
b. The existence of selves is a matter of grammar, not metaphysics.
c .Each person is a persisting purely mental thing.
d. What makes it true that someone can now see one thing and smell another is that the sight and
the smell are experiences had by a single Ego.
e. The explanation for the unity of a life is that the experiences in that life are all had by the same
person. - CORRECT ANSWERS b. The existence of selves is a matter of grammar, not
metaphysics.
Which claim would Hume most likely accept?
a. I can introspect my self but not my perceptions.
b. I can introspect both my self and my perceptions.
, c. I can introspect my perceptions but not my self.
d. I can introspect neither my self nor my perceptions. - CORRECT ANSWERS c. I can
introspect my perceptions but not my self.
The knowledge argument aims to show that dualism is false. - CORRECT
ANSWERS False
The knowledge argument aims to show that physicalism is false
The question "Is abortion morally permissible?" belongs to the part of philosophy known as
a. ethics
b. metaphysics
c. meta-ethics
d. epistemology - CORRECT ANSWERS a. ethics
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the view that the mind is the brain but we also
have eternal souls?
a. After you die, your soul will acquire a new body.
b. After you die, your soul has no experiences.
c. After you die, your soul has no beliefs.
d. After you die, your soul has no memories.
e. After you die, your soul has no character (personality).
f. After you die, your soul has no emotions. - CORRECT ANSWERS a. After you die,
your soul will acquire a new body.
Which of the following would the stronger of Singer's two moral principles require?
a. Preventing one bad thing while causing something else comparably bad to happen.
b. Preventing a bad thing by doing something wrong in itself.
c. Preventing a very bad thing from happening to someone else by allowing something slightly
bad to happen to yourself.
