NUR 265 Exam 1 exam with correct ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answers
What is nephrotic syndrome? - correct answer✔✔A condition
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
then be excreted.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? - correct
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔-*Massive proteinuria* ||\\||\\
-*Hypoalbuminemia*
-*Edema (facial and periorbital)* ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation ||\\||\\
-Reduced kidney function ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
greater than what? - correct answer✔✔3.5g in 24 hours
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
,What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? - correct
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔-immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based). ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
function)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI - correct answer✔✔creatinine
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI - correct ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50% ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI - correct ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. - correct ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔Decreased perfusion to kidneys. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
, -NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration ||\\||\\
-Renal artery stenosis
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
output
-Blood/ fluid loss ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. - correct
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔Tissue damage to the actual kidneys. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding ||\\||\\
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. - correct
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔Obstruction that occurs after the kidney. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Enlarged prostate (BPH) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Bladder Cancer ||\\||\\
answers
What is nephrotic syndrome? - correct answer✔✔A condition
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
then be excreted.
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? - correct
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔-*Massive proteinuria* ||\\||\\
-*Hypoalbuminemia*
-*Edema (facial and periorbital)* ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation ||\\||\\
-Reduced kidney function ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
greater than what? - correct answer✔✔3.5g in 24 hours
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
,What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? - correct
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔-immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based). ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
function)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI - correct answer✔✔creatinine
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25%
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI - correct ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50% ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI - correct ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. - correct ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔Decreased perfusion to kidneys. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
, -NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration ||\\||\\
-Renal artery stenosis
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
output
-Blood/ fluid loss ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. - correct
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔Tissue damage to the actual kidneys. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding ||\\||\\
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. - correct
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
answer✔✔Obstruction that occurs after the kidney. ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Enlarged prostate (BPH) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-Bladder Cancer ||\\||\\
