NR 602 Final Content- Week 5
Queastions And Verified Answers Plus
100% Correct Update
Who is at highest risk for dehydration? - CORRECT - ANSWERS infants and young children
Dehydration - CORRECT - ANSWERS a common problem, increased risk of diarrhea
Body fluids make up what percent of an infants body weight? - CORRECT - ANSWERS 75%
infants and toddlers high ratio of surface area to weight _____________________ - CORRECT -
ANSWERS equals more body loss through evaporation
What typically causes acute diarrhea? - CORRECT - ANSWERS viruses like rotavirus, bacteria, and
parasites
Rotavirus is common in ____________________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS infants between 3 and 15
months of age
What can cause chronic diarrhea? - CORRECT - ANSWERS antibiotic treatment of another condition,
poor absorption of starches and sugars, food allergies, laxative abuse in eating disorders,
hyperthyroidism, or irritable bowel syndrome
How do you treat diarrhea in acute cases? - CORRECT - ANSWERS supportive care; includes fluid and
electrolyte replacement and/or antidiarrheals based on age
,How do you treat diarrhea in chronic cases? - CORRECT - ANSWERS treatment is specific to the
underlying condition
Assessing dehydration: HPI - CORRECT - ANSWERS Quantity and frequency of fluid intake, vomiting
and/or diarrhea, urine output or number of wet diapers in 24 hours, duration or degree of fever, types
of medications, underlying disease
What is the most essential measure in calculating body fluid loss? - CORRECT - ANSWERS Weight
Assessing dehydration: physical exam - CORRECT - ANSWERS vital signs, color, capillary refill, skin
turgor, dryness of lips and mucous membranes, lack of tears, sunken fontanelles, output, and mental
status
Treatment of mild to moderate dehydration - CORRECT - ANSWERS -commercially available oral
hydration solutions (ORS)
-continue breastfeeding with oral hydration solution supplementation
-offer young children 20l/kg per hour
-offer older children 100 ml of oral hydration solution every 5 minutes
-combine with IV therapy as needed
-reassess after 4 hours; repeat if needed
-avoid juice, soft drinks, and sports drinks
treatment of severe dehydration - CORRECT - ANSWERS -evidence of compromised perfusion and
sever dehydration
-IV therapy; lactated ringers or normal saline if LR is not available
-under 1 year old, 30 ml/kg over the first hour, 70 ml/kg for the following 6 hours, and 100 ml/kg from 6
to 24 hours
-over 1 year old, 30 ml/kg over the first 30 minutes and 70 ml/kg for the following 3 hours
-reassess every 15 to 30 minutes
, mild dehydration symptoms - CORRECT - ANSWERS 3-5% decrease in weight, normal skin turgor,
normal pulse, 2-3 cap refill, decreased tear production, mild oliguria
moderate dehydration symptoms - CORRECT - ANSWERS 6-10% decrease in weight, slight tenting
when assessing skin turgor, slight increase in pulse, 3-4 second cap refill
severe dehydration symptoms - CORRECT - ANSWERS 11-15% decrease in weight, severe tenting
when assessing skin turgor, tachycardia, greater than 4 second cap refills, tears are absent, anuria
dehydration is _____________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS the loss of water and extracellular fluid
What terms can be used interchangeably with dehydration? - CORRECT - ANSWERS volume
depletion or hypovolemia (loss of extracellular fluid)
Dehydration is classified as mild when ___________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS <3% weight loss when
compared with recent current weight in older children and 5% in infants
dehydration is classified as moderate when _________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS 6% weight loss
compared with recent current weight in older children and 10% in infants
dehydration is classified as severe when ____________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS 9% weight loss or
greater in older children and 15% or greater in infants
Dehydration is overwhelmingly ________________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS The result of an
infectious process, primarily viral, that often causes diarrhea
Why are children at an increased risk for dehydration? - CORRECT - ANSWERS higher surface area to
volume ratios, higher rate of insensible loss, and in younger children, the inability to communicate or
actively replenish losses
The vomiting history should assess the following: - CORRECT - ANSWERS symptoms with the onset
of vomiting; duration of vomiting, quality and quantity, presence of blood or bile, odor, precipitating
event; pain; relationship of vomiting to meals, activities, or time of day.
Queastions And Verified Answers Plus
100% Correct Update
Who is at highest risk for dehydration? - CORRECT - ANSWERS infants and young children
Dehydration - CORRECT - ANSWERS a common problem, increased risk of diarrhea
Body fluids make up what percent of an infants body weight? - CORRECT - ANSWERS 75%
infants and toddlers high ratio of surface area to weight _____________________ - CORRECT -
ANSWERS equals more body loss through evaporation
What typically causes acute diarrhea? - CORRECT - ANSWERS viruses like rotavirus, bacteria, and
parasites
Rotavirus is common in ____________________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS infants between 3 and 15
months of age
What can cause chronic diarrhea? - CORRECT - ANSWERS antibiotic treatment of another condition,
poor absorption of starches and sugars, food allergies, laxative abuse in eating disorders,
hyperthyroidism, or irritable bowel syndrome
How do you treat diarrhea in acute cases? - CORRECT - ANSWERS supportive care; includes fluid and
electrolyte replacement and/or antidiarrheals based on age
,How do you treat diarrhea in chronic cases? - CORRECT - ANSWERS treatment is specific to the
underlying condition
Assessing dehydration: HPI - CORRECT - ANSWERS Quantity and frequency of fluid intake, vomiting
and/or diarrhea, urine output or number of wet diapers in 24 hours, duration or degree of fever, types
of medications, underlying disease
What is the most essential measure in calculating body fluid loss? - CORRECT - ANSWERS Weight
Assessing dehydration: physical exam - CORRECT - ANSWERS vital signs, color, capillary refill, skin
turgor, dryness of lips and mucous membranes, lack of tears, sunken fontanelles, output, and mental
status
Treatment of mild to moderate dehydration - CORRECT - ANSWERS -commercially available oral
hydration solutions (ORS)
-continue breastfeeding with oral hydration solution supplementation
-offer young children 20l/kg per hour
-offer older children 100 ml of oral hydration solution every 5 minutes
-combine with IV therapy as needed
-reassess after 4 hours; repeat if needed
-avoid juice, soft drinks, and sports drinks
treatment of severe dehydration - CORRECT - ANSWERS -evidence of compromised perfusion and
sever dehydration
-IV therapy; lactated ringers or normal saline if LR is not available
-under 1 year old, 30 ml/kg over the first hour, 70 ml/kg for the following 6 hours, and 100 ml/kg from 6
to 24 hours
-over 1 year old, 30 ml/kg over the first 30 minutes and 70 ml/kg for the following 3 hours
-reassess every 15 to 30 minutes
, mild dehydration symptoms - CORRECT - ANSWERS 3-5% decrease in weight, normal skin turgor,
normal pulse, 2-3 cap refill, decreased tear production, mild oliguria
moderate dehydration symptoms - CORRECT - ANSWERS 6-10% decrease in weight, slight tenting
when assessing skin turgor, slight increase in pulse, 3-4 second cap refill
severe dehydration symptoms - CORRECT - ANSWERS 11-15% decrease in weight, severe tenting
when assessing skin turgor, tachycardia, greater than 4 second cap refills, tears are absent, anuria
dehydration is _____________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS the loss of water and extracellular fluid
What terms can be used interchangeably with dehydration? - CORRECT - ANSWERS volume
depletion or hypovolemia (loss of extracellular fluid)
Dehydration is classified as mild when ___________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS <3% weight loss when
compared with recent current weight in older children and 5% in infants
dehydration is classified as moderate when _________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS 6% weight loss
compared with recent current weight in older children and 10% in infants
dehydration is classified as severe when ____________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS 9% weight loss or
greater in older children and 15% or greater in infants
Dehydration is overwhelmingly ________________ - CORRECT - ANSWERS The result of an
infectious process, primarily viral, that often causes diarrhea
Why are children at an increased risk for dehydration? - CORRECT - ANSWERS higher surface area to
volume ratios, higher rate of insensible loss, and in younger children, the inability to communicate or
actively replenish losses
The vomiting history should assess the following: - CORRECT - ANSWERS symptoms with the onset
of vomiting; duration of vomiting, quality and quantity, presence of blood or bile, odor, precipitating
event; pain; relationship of vomiting to meals, activities, or time of day.
