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Question 1: Which Agile ceremony provides a formal opportunity for the team to inspect and adapt
the product increment?
A) Daily Stand-up
B) Sprint Planning
C) Sprint Retrospective
D) Sprint Review
Correct Answer: D) Sprint Review
Explanation: The Sprint Review is held at the end of each Sprint to demo the increment, gather
feedback, and update the Product Backlog—ensuring the product evolves correctly.
Question 2: In a Kanban system, what metric measures the average time a work item spends from
commitment to delivery?
A) Throughput
B) Lead Time
,C) Cycle Time
D) WIP Limit
Correct Answer: B) Lead Time
Explanation: Lead Time captures the total elapsed time a unit of work takes to move through the
entire value stream, making it the primary customer-centric measure of speed.
Question 3: Which Scrum role is responsible for maximizing the value of the product resulting from
the work of the Development Team?
A) Scrum Master
B) Project Manager
C) Product Owner
D) Agile Coach
Correct Answer: C) Product Owner
Explanation: The Product Owner manages the Product Backlog, prioritizes features, and ensures
the team builds the highest-value functionality each Sprint.
Question 4: During which phase of the SDLC are security requirements first defined in a secure
development lifecycle (SDL)?
A) Implementation
B) Testing
,C) Requirements/Planning
D) Deployment
Correct Answer: C) Requirements/Planning
Explanation: Security is “shifted left”; threats, compliance needs, and security user stories are
captured up front so controls are baked into design, not bolted on later.
Question 5: Which artifact captures the team’s plan for delivering product backlog items during a
Sprint?
A) Product Backlog
B) Sprint Goal
C) Sprint Backlog
D) Increment
Correct Answer: C) Sprint Backlog
Explanation: The Sprint Backlog contains selected PBIs plus the team’s task breakdown and plan to
meet the Sprint Goal, guiding daily work.
Question 6: Which technique visualizes the flow of materials and information in a value stream?
A) Value Stream Mapping
B) Fishbone Diagram
, C) Pareto Chart
D) Gantt Chart
Correct Answer: A) Value Stream Mapping
Explanation: Value Stream Mapping documents every step, delay, and inventory between customer
request and delivery, highlighting waste and improvement opportunities.
Question 7: In ITIL 4, which practice ensures that accurate and reliable information about service
configurations is available?
A) Change Enablement
B) Service Configuration Management
C) Incident Management
D) Release Management
Correct Answer: B) Service Configuration Management
Explanation: This practice maintains a logical model of service components (CMDB/CSDB),
enabling impact analysis, root-cause identification, and controlled changes.
Question 8: Which cloud delivery model combines public and private clouds to meet varying
security and performance needs?
A) Community cloud
B) Hybrid cloud