BCOR 370 WVU EXAM 1 HOUGHTON
Organization - Answer -A systematic arrangement of people to accomplish some
specific purpose
Why do we have organizations? - Answer --efficiency; to accomplish specific objectives
-serve society
-provide careers
How do organizations accomplish their objectives? - Answer --Basic framework of
management
-Decision Making
Basic Framework of Management - Answer --Planning
-Organizing
-Leading
-Controlling
Management - Answer -The process of achieving goals, effectively and efficiently
through, and with other people.
What is scientific management? - Answer -The use of the scientific method to
determine the "one best way" to perform a job or task
Frederick Taylor - Answer -"The Father of Scientific Management"
-wrote the first management textbook
Frank and Lilian Gilbreth - Answer -Used scientific management:
-motion studies
-Brick laying example
What is the Legacy of Scientific Management? - Answer --Fast efficient assembly lines
-techniques used from fast food to surgery
-job design, selection, training
During the 1920's and 1930's... - Answer -Management is dominated by "efficiency
experts" concentrating on efficiency and productivity above all else
What do you see as some of the problems with this approach to management? -
Answer -Emphasis on productivity and profitability resulted in unhappy workers, labor
unions and strikes
Bureaucracy - Answer -An organization design marked by specialization, division of
labor, authority hierarchies and formal rules and procedures
, Max Weber - Answer -Observed that the bureaucracy was the dominant organization
type because it was the most efficient
Mary Parker Follett - Answer -Wrote about human factors in the work place
Elton Mayo - Answer -The Hawthorne Studies
The Hawthorne Effect - Answer -Money is less a factor in determinig output than group
standards, sentiment and security
-realized thee importance of individual needs, goals, expectations
-Began to apply techniques from psychology and sociology to understanding individuals
in the work place
Decision Making - Answer -A process of identifying and selecting a course of action to
solve a problem
What is a problem? - Answer -A situation that occurs when the actual state of affairs
differs from the desired state of affairs
The Problem Solving Process - Answer -Problems must be accurately identified and
defined
Creativity - Answer --Ability to produce novel and useful ideas
-Key issue in problem solving and decision making
-Innate creativity is often stifled by society, schools, and organizations
Rational Decision Making Model - Answer --Define Problem (investigate situation and
determine the cause)
-Identify decision criteria
-Weigh the criteria
-Generate alternatives
-Rate alternatives on each criteria
-Choose, implement, and evaluate the best alternative
What is Decision Making in Reality - Answer --Bounded Rationality
-Satisficing
-Institution
-Escalation of commitment to a failing course of action
Advantages of Group Decision Making - Answer --Broader perspective
-More alternatives
-Clarification of ambiguities
-More satisfaction and support
Disadvantages of Group Decision Making - Answer --Time consuming
-Compromise may satisfy no one
Organization - Answer -A systematic arrangement of people to accomplish some
specific purpose
Why do we have organizations? - Answer --efficiency; to accomplish specific objectives
-serve society
-provide careers
How do organizations accomplish their objectives? - Answer --Basic framework of
management
-Decision Making
Basic Framework of Management - Answer --Planning
-Organizing
-Leading
-Controlling
Management - Answer -The process of achieving goals, effectively and efficiently
through, and with other people.
What is scientific management? - Answer -The use of the scientific method to
determine the "one best way" to perform a job or task
Frederick Taylor - Answer -"The Father of Scientific Management"
-wrote the first management textbook
Frank and Lilian Gilbreth - Answer -Used scientific management:
-motion studies
-Brick laying example
What is the Legacy of Scientific Management? - Answer --Fast efficient assembly lines
-techniques used from fast food to surgery
-job design, selection, training
During the 1920's and 1930's... - Answer -Management is dominated by "efficiency
experts" concentrating on efficiency and productivity above all else
What do you see as some of the problems with this approach to management? -
Answer -Emphasis on productivity and profitability resulted in unhappy workers, labor
unions and strikes
Bureaucracy - Answer -An organization design marked by specialization, division of
labor, authority hierarchies and formal rules and procedures
, Max Weber - Answer -Observed that the bureaucracy was the dominant organization
type because it was the most efficient
Mary Parker Follett - Answer -Wrote about human factors in the work place
Elton Mayo - Answer -The Hawthorne Studies
The Hawthorne Effect - Answer -Money is less a factor in determinig output than group
standards, sentiment and security
-realized thee importance of individual needs, goals, expectations
-Began to apply techniques from psychology and sociology to understanding individuals
in the work place
Decision Making - Answer -A process of identifying and selecting a course of action to
solve a problem
What is a problem? - Answer -A situation that occurs when the actual state of affairs
differs from the desired state of affairs
The Problem Solving Process - Answer -Problems must be accurately identified and
defined
Creativity - Answer --Ability to produce novel and useful ideas
-Key issue in problem solving and decision making
-Innate creativity is often stifled by society, schools, and organizations
Rational Decision Making Model - Answer --Define Problem (investigate situation and
determine the cause)
-Identify decision criteria
-Weigh the criteria
-Generate alternatives
-Rate alternatives on each criteria
-Choose, implement, and evaluate the best alternative
What is Decision Making in Reality - Answer --Bounded Rationality
-Satisficing
-Institution
-Escalation of commitment to a failing course of action
Advantages of Group Decision Making - Answer --Broader perspective
-More alternatives
-Clarification of ambiguities
-More satisfaction and support
Disadvantages of Group Decision Making - Answer --Time consuming
-Compromise may satisfy no one
