ATI PEDIATRICS CMS FINAL EXAM PAPER
2026 COMPLETE 450 QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
⩥ TSH Range: Answer: (0.5-5.0 µU/mL
⩥ A nurse is assessing a toddler who has measles (rubeola). Which of
the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Koplik spots
B. Parotitis
C. Strawberry tongue
D. Paroxysmal coughing. Answer: Correct Answer: A. Koplik spots
Koplik spots are small, irregular oral lesions with a bluish-white center.
They are characteristic of measles (rubeola). Koplik spots appear about 2
days before the maculopapular rash and are accompanied by fevers,
malaise, conjunctivitis, and other cold manifestations.
Incorrect Answers:
B. Swollen parotid glands are an expected finding in a child who has
MUMPS.
C. Strawberry tongue is an expected finding in a child who has
SCARLET FEVER.
D. Paroxysmal coughing is an expected finding in a child who has
PERTUSSIS
,⩥ Nevus simplex or Stork bite. Answer: Discoloration that typically
blanches with pressure and becomes more prominent with crying. This
finding does not require notification of the provider.
⩥ A nurse is assessing a preschooler who has HIV. Which of the
following manifestations should the nurse expect?
A. Generalized petechiae
B. Jaundice
C. Obesity
D. Chronic diarrhea. Answer: D. Small bowel bacterial overgrowth is
possible in people with HIV. Intestinal problems may make a person
with HIV more likely to have an overgrowth of bacteria. This may lead
to diarrhea and other digestive issues
Incorrect Answers:
A. Generalized petechiae are not a manifestation of HIV in a
preschooler.
B. Jaundice is not a manifestation of HIV in a preschooler.
C. Failure to thrive and weight loss are expected findings for a
preschooler who has HIV.
⩥ A nurse is assessing a child who has a ventricular septal defect. Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Diastolic murmur
, B. Murmur at the left sternal border
C. Cyanosis that increases with crying
D. Widened pulse pressure. Answer: Correct Answer: B. Murmur at the
left sternal border
A ventricular septal defect (a hole in the septal wall between the
ventricles) is an acyanotic heart defect. A systolic murmur can be heard
best at the lower left sternal border. The sound is transmitted in the
direction of blood flow, so any backflow of blood from the left to the
right ventricle through the septal defect is best heard in this area.
Incorrect Answers:
A. A diastolic murmur is an expected finding in a child who has an
ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT.
C. Cyanosis that increases with crying is an expected finding in a child
who has an AV CANAL DEFECT.
D. Widened pulse pressure is an expected finding in a child who has
PDA
⩥ A nurse is preparing to administer an enema to a 10-month-old infant.
Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Administer the enema using room-temperature tap water
B. Insert the tubing 7.5 cm (3 in) into the rectum
C. Position the infant sitting upright on a bedpan while administering the
enema
2026 COMPLETE 450 QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
⩥ TSH Range: Answer: (0.5-5.0 µU/mL
⩥ A nurse is assessing a toddler who has measles (rubeola). Which of
the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Koplik spots
B. Parotitis
C. Strawberry tongue
D. Paroxysmal coughing. Answer: Correct Answer: A. Koplik spots
Koplik spots are small, irregular oral lesions with a bluish-white center.
They are characteristic of measles (rubeola). Koplik spots appear about 2
days before the maculopapular rash and are accompanied by fevers,
malaise, conjunctivitis, and other cold manifestations.
Incorrect Answers:
B. Swollen parotid glands are an expected finding in a child who has
MUMPS.
C. Strawberry tongue is an expected finding in a child who has
SCARLET FEVER.
D. Paroxysmal coughing is an expected finding in a child who has
PERTUSSIS
,⩥ Nevus simplex or Stork bite. Answer: Discoloration that typically
blanches with pressure and becomes more prominent with crying. This
finding does not require notification of the provider.
⩥ A nurse is assessing a preschooler who has HIV. Which of the
following manifestations should the nurse expect?
A. Generalized petechiae
B. Jaundice
C. Obesity
D. Chronic diarrhea. Answer: D. Small bowel bacterial overgrowth is
possible in people with HIV. Intestinal problems may make a person
with HIV more likely to have an overgrowth of bacteria. This may lead
to diarrhea and other digestive issues
Incorrect Answers:
A. Generalized petechiae are not a manifestation of HIV in a
preschooler.
B. Jaundice is not a manifestation of HIV in a preschooler.
C. Failure to thrive and weight loss are expected findings for a
preschooler who has HIV.
⩥ A nurse is assessing a child who has a ventricular septal defect. Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Diastolic murmur
, B. Murmur at the left sternal border
C. Cyanosis that increases with crying
D. Widened pulse pressure. Answer: Correct Answer: B. Murmur at the
left sternal border
A ventricular septal defect (a hole in the septal wall between the
ventricles) is an acyanotic heart defect. A systolic murmur can be heard
best at the lower left sternal border. The sound is transmitted in the
direction of blood flow, so any backflow of blood from the left to the
right ventricle through the septal defect is best heard in this area.
Incorrect Answers:
A. A diastolic murmur is an expected finding in a child who has an
ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT.
C. Cyanosis that increases with crying is an expected finding in a child
who has an AV CANAL DEFECT.
D. Widened pulse pressure is an expected finding in a child who has
PDA
⩥ A nurse is preparing to administer an enema to a 10-month-old infant.
Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Administer the enema using room-temperature tap water
B. Insert the tubing 7.5 cm (3 in) into the rectum
C. Position the infant sitting upright on a bedpan while administering the
enema
