Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)
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Chapter 1 Introduction to Earth Science sb s b s b sb sb sb
1) What are the basic differences between the disciplines of physical and historical geology?
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A) Physical geology is the study of fossils and sequences of rock strata; historical geology is the s
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tudy of how rocks and minerals were used in the past.
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B) Historical geology involves the study of rock strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the
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geologic time scale as a reference; physical geology includes the study of how rocks form and of h
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ow erosion shapes the land surface.
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C) Physical geology involves the study of rock strata, fossils, and deposition in relation to plate m
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ovements in the geologic past; historical geology charts how and where the plates were moving in t
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he past.
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D) none of the above – sb sb sb sb
physical geology and historical geology are essentially the same. Answer: B
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Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science?
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Bloom's: Analyzing s b
2) The study of Earth's atmosphere is known as
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A) astronomy
B) oceanography
C) meteorology
D) cosmology s
Answer: C D
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iff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science?
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Bloom's: Remembering s b
3) A is a well-
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tested and widely accepted view that best explains certain scientific observations.
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A) hypothesis
B) generalization
C) law
D) theory sb
Answer: D sb s
Diff: 1
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Topic: 1.3 The Nature of Scientific Inquiry Bloo
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m's: Remembering
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1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. sb sb sb sb sb
,f the following are possible steps of scientific investigation except for
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E) the collection of scientific facts through observation and measurement
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F) assumption of conclusions without prior experimentation or observation
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G) the development of one or more working hypotheses or models to explain facts
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H) development of observations and experiments to test the hypotheses sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
Answer: B s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.3 The Nature of Scientific Inquiry Bloo
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m's: Analyzing
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4) The sb
explains how our solar system probably formed from a giant cloud of gases and dispersed solid
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particles.
A) protogalactic theory sb
B) nebular theory sb
C) extrastellar solar hypothesis sb sb
D) planetary compression theory sb sb sb
Answer: B s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.5 Early Evolution of Earth
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Bloom's: Remembering s b
5) The refers to the sum total of all life on Earth.
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A) hydrosphere
B) atmosphere
C) biosphere
D) asthenosphere s
Answer: C
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Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.6 Earth's Spheres B
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loom's: Remembering s b
6) In correct order from the center outward, Earth includes which units?
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A) core, inner mantle, outer mantle, crust
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B) inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
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C) inner core, crust, mantle, hydrosphere
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D) core, crust, mantle, hydrosphere
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Answer: B s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
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m's: Remembering
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2
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. sb sb sb sb sb
,7) The composition of the Earth's inner core is thought to be
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A) basalt
B) granite
C) peridotite
D) solid iron- sb
nickel alloy Answer: D
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Diff: 1
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Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
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m's: Remembering
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8) The asthenosphere is actually a part of the
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A) outer core sb
B) crust
C) inner core sb
D) mantle sb
Answer: D sb s
Diff: 1
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Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
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m's: Remembering
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9) The is thought to be a liquid, metallic region in the Earth's interior.
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A) inner core sb
B) lithosphere
C) mantle
D) outer core sb s
Answer: D
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Diff: 1
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Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
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m's: Remembering
s b
10) The is the thinnest layer of the Earth.
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A) crust
B) outer core sb
C) mantle
D) inner core sb s
Answer: A
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Diff: 1
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Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
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m's: Remembering
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3
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
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, 11) The forms the relatively cool, brittle tectonic plates.
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A) asthenosphere
B) lithosphere
C) astrosphere
D) eosphere
Answer: B
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Diff: 1
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Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
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m's: Remembering
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12) Which of the following energy sources is thought to drive the lateral motions of Earth's li
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thospheric plates? sb
A) gravitational attractive forces of the Sun and Moon sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
B) electrical and magnetic fields localized in the inner core
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C) export of heat from deep in the mantle to the top of the asthenosphere
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D) swirling movements of the molten iron particles in the outer core
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Answer: C s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
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m's: Remembering
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13) Flat, expansive regions on a continent, composed of deformed crystalline (igneous intrusive a
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nd metamorphic) rock, are known as
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A) cratons
B) shields
C) platforms
D) belts An sb
swer: B Di s b sb
ff: 1sb
Topic: 1.8 The Face of Earth Bloom
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's: Remembering
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14) Active mountain belts are most likely to be found
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A) along the margins of continents sb sb sb sb
B) in the interior regions of continents
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C) scattered throughout continents sb sb
D) along only the eastern margins of continents
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Answer: A s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.8 The Face of Earth Bloom
s b sb sb sb sb sb
's: Remembering
s b
4
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. sb sb sb sb sb
sb sb sb
Chapter 1 Introduction to Earth Science sb s b s b sb sb sb
1) What are the basic differences between the disciplines of physical and historical geology?
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
A) Physical geology is the study of fossils and sequences of rock strata; historical geology is the s
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
tudy of how rocks and minerals were used in the past.
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
B) Historical geology involves the study of rock strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
geologic time scale as a reference; physical geology includes the study of how rocks form and of h
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
ow erosion shapes the land surface.
sb sb sb sb sb
C) Physical geology involves the study of rock strata, fossils, and deposition in relation to plate m
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
ovements in the geologic past; historical geology charts how and where the plates were moving in t
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
he past.
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D) none of the above – sb sb sb sb
physical geology and historical geology are essentially the same. Answer: B
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Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science?
s b sb sb sb sb sb
Bloom's: Analyzing s b
2) The study of Earth's atmosphere is known as
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb .
A) astronomy
B) oceanography
C) meteorology
D) cosmology s
Answer: C D
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iff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.1 What Is Earth Science?
s b sb sb sb sb sb
Bloom's: Remembering s b
3) A is a well-
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tested and widely accepted view that best explains certain scientific observations.
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
A) hypothesis
B) generalization
C) law
D) theory sb
Answer: D sb s
Diff: 1
b sb
Topic: 1.3 The Nature of Scientific Inquiry Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Remembering
s b
1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. sb sb sb sb sb
,f the following are possible steps of scientific investigation except for
sb sb sb sb . sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
E) the collection of scientific facts through observation and measurement
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F) assumption of conclusions without prior experimentation or observation
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G) the development of one or more working hypotheses or models to explain facts
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H) development of observations and experiments to test the hypotheses sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
Answer: B s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.3 The Nature of Scientific Inquiry Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Analyzing
s b
4) The sb
explains how our solar system probably formed from a giant cloud of gases and dispersed solid
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
particles.
A) protogalactic theory sb
B) nebular theory sb
C) extrastellar solar hypothesis sb sb
D) planetary compression theory sb sb sb
Answer: B s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.5 Early Evolution of Earth
s b sb sb sb sb sb
Bloom's: Remembering s b
5) The refers to the sum total of all life on Earth.
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
A) hydrosphere
B) atmosphere
C) biosphere
D) asthenosphere s
Answer: C
b s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.6 Earth's Spheres B
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loom's: Remembering s b
6) In correct order from the center outward, Earth includes which units?
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
A) core, inner mantle, outer mantle, crust
sb sb sb sb sb
B) inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
sb sb sb sb sb
C) inner core, crust, mantle, hydrosphere
sb sb sb sb
D) core, crust, mantle, hydrosphere
sb sb sb sb
Answer: B s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Remembering
s b
2
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. sb sb sb sb sb
,7) The composition of the Earth's inner core is thought to be
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb .
A) basalt
B) granite
C) peridotite
D) solid iron- sb
nickel alloy Answer: D
sb sb s b
Diff: 1
sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Remembering
s b
8) The asthenosphere is actually a part of the
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb of the Earth.
sb sb
A) outer core sb
B) crust
C) inner core sb
D) mantle sb
Answer: D sb s
Diff: 1
b sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Remembering
s b
9) The is thought to be a liquid, metallic region in the Earth's interior.
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
A) inner core sb
B) lithosphere
C) mantle
D) outer core sb s
Answer: D
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Diff: 1
sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Remembering
s b
10) The is the thinnest layer of the Earth.
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
A) crust
B) outer core sb
C) mantle
D) inner core sb s
Answer: A
b s b sb
Diff: 1
sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Remembering
s b
3
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
sb sb sb sb sb
, 11) The forms the relatively cool, brittle tectonic plates.
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
A) asthenosphere
B) lithosphere
C) astrosphere
D) eosphere
Answer: B
sb s b
Diff: 1
sb sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Remembering
s b
12) Which of the following energy sources is thought to drive the lateral motions of Earth's li
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
thospheric plates? sb
A) gravitational attractive forces of the Sun and Moon sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
B) electrical and magnetic fields localized in the inner core
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
C) export of heat from deep in the mantle to the top of the asthenosphere
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
D) swirling movements of the molten iron particles in the outer core
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
Answer: C s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.7 A Closer Look at the Geosphere Bloo
s b sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
m's: Remembering
s b
13) Flat, expansive regions on a continent, composed of deformed crystalline (igneous intrusive a
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
nd metamorphic) rock, are known as
sb . sb sb sb sb sb
A) cratons
B) shields
C) platforms
D) belts An sb
swer: B Di s b sb
ff: 1sb
Topic: 1.8 The Face of Earth Bloom
s b sb sb sb sb sb
's: Remembering
s b
14) Active mountain belts are most likely to be found
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb sb .
A) along the margins of continents sb sb sb sb
B) in the interior regions of continents
sb sb sb sb sb
C) scattered throughout continents sb sb
D) along only the eastern margins of continents
sb sb sb sb sb sb sb
Answer: A s b
Diff: 1 sb
Topic: 1.8 The Face of Earth Bloom
s b sb sb sb sb sb
's: Remembering
s b
4
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. sb sb sb sb sb
