AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology Paper 2
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT SOLVED ANSWERS.
... methods must be found to feed all people on Earth - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sustainable
2 pros & 2 cons of GM crops - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅+increased yield=more food
+already being grown, not problematic
-worries on human health/safety/allergies
-long term effects-unplanned problems that could could pass on to future generations
A person who is heterozygous for brown eyes (Bb) has children with a person who has blue eyes (bb).
What percentage of their children will have blue eyes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅50%
Abiotic factors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Non-living factors
Adaptations - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Features which enable an organism to survive in the conditions in
which they normally live
Adaptations may be... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅...structural, functional or behavioural
Apex predators - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Carnivores with no predators
Biodiversity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The variety of all the different species of organisms on earth, or
within an ecosystem
Biological factors which are threatening food security - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Increasing birth rate -
in some countries
2. Changing diets in developed countries - scarce food resources transported around the world
3. New pests and pathogens that affect arming
,4. Environmental changes that affect food production - e.g. widespread famine in some countries if rains
fail
5. Cost of agricultural inputs
6. Conflicts -have arisen in some parts of the world which affect the availability of water or food
Biotic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Living factors
Cause of cystic fibrosis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caused by a Recessive Allele -'f'
Alleles-'Ff'-unaffected but is a carrier
Alleles- 'ff'- has cystic fibrosis
Changes as a result of human interaction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Global warming and climate change
- nwo working to maintain rainforest
2. Acid rain - now reducing water pollution and monitoring pH
3. Pollution from farms and factories - now conservation measures such as replanting hedgerows and
woodlands, resitrcung access to sites of special scientific interest
Compare and Contrast the endocrine (hormone) system and the nervous system. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Nervous is faster acting than the endocrine system.
Hormones have longer lasting effects compared to electrical impulses. Nerves act on a very specific area
whereas hormones act more general.
Competition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The process by which living organisms compete with each other
for limited resources
Describe global warming - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. CO2 and methane contribute to the greenhouse
effect - they absorb some of the Sun's energy which is reflected off the earth
2. However now levels of carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere are increasing, and contribute
to 'global warming'
, Describe how animals can be cloned by adult cell cloning. [6] - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The nucleus is
removed from an unfertilised egg.[1] A complete set of adult chromosomes from an adult body cell is
inserted into the egg. [1] The egg cell is then stimulated to divide to form an embryo by being given an
electric shock.[1] The embryo is then implanted into an adult female [1] where it develops into a clone
of the original adult body cell.
Describe Jean Baptiste Lamarck's theory. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Theory of Acquired characteristics.
E.g. if a giraffe stretched it's neck to reach tall branches over time the neck would get longer.
Describe programmes put in place to reduce the negative effects of humans on ecosystems and
biodiversity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Breeding programmes for endangered species
2. Protection and regeneration of rare habitats
3. Reintroduction of field margins and hedgerows in agricultural areas where farmers grow only one
type of crop
4. Reduction of deforestation and CO2 emissions by some governments
5. Recycling resources rather than dumping waste in landfill
Describe some of the biological consequences of global warming (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Loss of
habitats - due to rising sea levels
2. Changes in distribution - as temperatures and rain patterns change
3. Changes in migration patterns - as climates become hotter or colder
4. Reduced biodiversity - some animals will be able to survive as the climate changes eg polar bears
Describe speciation. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Speciation-over time, a phenotype of organisms will
change so much due to NATURAL SELECTION that a new species is formed.
Describe the 4 trophic levels - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Level 1. Producers - plants and algae make their
own food
Level 2. Primary consumers - herbivores eat plants/algae
Level 3. Secondary consumers - carnivores eat herbivores
Level 4. Secondary consumers - carnivores eat other carnivores
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT SOLVED ANSWERS.
... methods must be found to feed all people on Earth - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sustainable
2 pros & 2 cons of GM crops - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅+increased yield=more food
+already being grown, not problematic
-worries on human health/safety/allergies
-long term effects-unplanned problems that could could pass on to future generations
A person who is heterozygous for brown eyes (Bb) has children with a person who has blue eyes (bb).
What percentage of their children will have blue eyes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅50%
Abiotic factors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Non-living factors
Adaptations - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Features which enable an organism to survive in the conditions in
which they normally live
Adaptations may be... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅...structural, functional or behavioural
Apex predators - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Carnivores with no predators
Biodiversity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The variety of all the different species of organisms on earth, or
within an ecosystem
Biological factors which are threatening food security - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Increasing birth rate -
in some countries
2. Changing diets in developed countries - scarce food resources transported around the world
3. New pests and pathogens that affect arming
,4. Environmental changes that affect food production - e.g. widespread famine in some countries if rains
fail
5. Cost of agricultural inputs
6. Conflicts -have arisen in some parts of the world which affect the availability of water or food
Biotic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Living factors
Cause of cystic fibrosis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caused by a Recessive Allele -'f'
Alleles-'Ff'-unaffected but is a carrier
Alleles- 'ff'- has cystic fibrosis
Changes as a result of human interaction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Global warming and climate change
- nwo working to maintain rainforest
2. Acid rain - now reducing water pollution and monitoring pH
3. Pollution from farms and factories - now conservation measures such as replanting hedgerows and
woodlands, resitrcung access to sites of special scientific interest
Compare and Contrast the endocrine (hormone) system and the nervous system. - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Nervous is faster acting than the endocrine system.
Hormones have longer lasting effects compared to electrical impulses. Nerves act on a very specific area
whereas hormones act more general.
Competition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The process by which living organisms compete with each other
for limited resources
Describe global warming - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. CO2 and methane contribute to the greenhouse
effect - they absorb some of the Sun's energy which is reflected off the earth
2. However now levels of carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere are increasing, and contribute
to 'global warming'
, Describe how animals can be cloned by adult cell cloning. [6] - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The nucleus is
removed from an unfertilised egg.[1] A complete set of adult chromosomes from an adult body cell is
inserted into the egg. [1] The egg cell is then stimulated to divide to form an embryo by being given an
electric shock.[1] The embryo is then implanted into an adult female [1] where it develops into a clone
of the original adult body cell.
Describe Jean Baptiste Lamarck's theory. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Theory of Acquired characteristics.
E.g. if a giraffe stretched it's neck to reach tall branches over time the neck would get longer.
Describe programmes put in place to reduce the negative effects of humans on ecosystems and
biodiversity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Breeding programmes for endangered species
2. Protection and regeneration of rare habitats
3. Reintroduction of field margins and hedgerows in agricultural areas where farmers grow only one
type of crop
4. Reduction of deforestation and CO2 emissions by some governments
5. Recycling resources rather than dumping waste in landfill
Describe some of the biological consequences of global warming (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Loss of
habitats - due to rising sea levels
2. Changes in distribution - as temperatures and rain patterns change
3. Changes in migration patterns - as climates become hotter or colder
4. Reduced biodiversity - some animals will be able to survive as the climate changes eg polar bears
Describe speciation. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Speciation-over time, a phenotype of organisms will
change so much due to NATURAL SELECTION that a new species is formed.
Describe the 4 trophic levels - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Level 1. Producers - plants and algae make their
own food
Level 2. Primary consumers - herbivores eat plants/algae
Level 3. Secondary consumers - carnivores eat herbivores
Level 4. Secondary consumers - carnivores eat other carnivores
