PALS - Red Cross Final Exam questions and
answers 2025\2026 A+ Grade
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic,
lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?
- correct answer Lactate
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT).
During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient?
- correct answer Appearance
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform.
The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of arrhythmia?
- correct answer Supraventricular tachycardia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When
preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take?
- correct answer Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate
and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition?
- correct answer Respiratory failure
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress.
The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention
is a critical component of airway management for this patient?
- correct answer Airway clearance
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress. The
child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and tachypnea. The parents state that the
child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care,
preparing to administer which agent first?
- correct answer Epinephrine
, A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the electrodes on the
child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed?
- correct answer Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line, left side
A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school nurse arrives and
determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then simultaneously checks for breathing
and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to which time frame?
- correct answer At least 5 seconds, but no more than 10
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s) would the provider
administer?
- correct answer 1. Racemic epinephrine
2. Corticosteroids
A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent cardiac arrest when
assessment reveals which finding(s)?
- correct answer 1. Bradycardia
2. Diminished central pulses
3. Hypotension
A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac arrest. For which
rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate?
- correct answer 1. Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
2. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT)
A child is experiencing stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and is to receive treatment. Which
initial treatment would the provider administer?
- correct answer Vagal maneuvers
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the
child is gasping and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider initiate first?
- correct answer Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds.
answers 2025\2026 A+ Grade
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic,
lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?
- correct answer Lactate
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT).
During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient?
- correct answer Appearance
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform.
The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of arrhythmia?
- correct answer Supraventricular tachycardia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When
preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take?
- correct answer Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate
and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition?
- correct answer Respiratory failure
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress.
The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention
is a critical component of airway management for this patient?
- correct answer Airway clearance
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress. The
child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and tachypnea. The parents state that the
child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care,
preparing to administer which agent first?
- correct answer Epinephrine
, A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the electrodes on the
child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed?
- correct answer Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line, left side
A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school nurse arrives and
determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then simultaneously checks for breathing
and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to which time frame?
- correct answer At least 5 seconds, but no more than 10
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s) would the provider
administer?
- correct answer 1. Racemic epinephrine
2. Corticosteroids
A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent cardiac arrest when
assessment reveals which finding(s)?
- correct answer 1. Bradycardia
2. Diminished central pulses
3. Hypotension
A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac arrest. For which
rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate?
- correct answer 1. Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
2. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT)
A child is experiencing stable supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and is to receive treatment. Which
initial treatment would the provider administer?
- correct answer Vagal maneuvers
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the
child is gasping and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider initiate first?
- correct answer Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds.
