APPROACHES TO TREATMENT – 6630
(ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS)
Treatment adherence is affected by several different factors. Clinical factors include mood,
anxiety, psychosis, and substance misuse. There are also patient factors such as knowledge,
attitude, and beliefs; economic and racial/ethnic disparities, and clinical encounters. A patient
who presents hopeless, with decreased energy, and poor concentration is affected by which
factor?
A Substance misuse
B. Knowledge deficits
C. Attitude ad belief system
D. Mood - ANS -D. mood
These are signs of an altered mood.
G-protein coupled receptors are targets for several psychiatric medications. Given what we
know about these receptors, what is the ultimate result we will see when one of them is
activated in a way that would potentiate an action?
A. Intracellular activation of second messengers
B. Protein phosphorylation
C. Modification of gene expression - ANS -C. modification of gene expression
A and B are both steps in the activities seen leading up to modification of gene expression.
, Receptors trigger one of two effector pathways resulting in changes in neuronal activity. These
changes will, ultimately, effect gene expression. Which effector pathway is characterized by ion
flux through transmitter-activated channels resulting in an altered membrane potential and
neuronal activity?
A. Slow effector pathways (GPCR)
B. Modulated effector pathways (nonexistence)
C. Rapid effector pathways
D. NMDA glutamate receptor pathways (is a rapid effector pathway) - ANS -C. Rapid effector
pathway
Answer B is fictitious, D is a type of rapid effector pathway, and A represents G-protein coupled
receptors.
Glia cells play a supportive role to the neuron. A few of the functions of the glial cells include
providing nutrition, maintaining homeostasis, stabilizing synapses, and myelinating axons. The
glial cells are categorized as microglia and macroglia. Of these two cell types, which one plays an
active and critical role in glutamatergic neurotransmission by providing a co-agonist required for
glutamate receptor function?
A. microglial
B. macroglial - ANS -A. microglial
Microglial cells are small, phagocytic cells related to peripheral macrophages.
Upon blocking a Serotonin reuptake pump, what happens in the synaptic cleft and on the post
synaptic cell membrane?
A. The result will be an increase in available Serotonin in the synaptic cleft causing the post
synaptic cell to increase the number of Serotonin receptors.
B. The result will be an increase in the available Serotonin in the synaptic cleft causing the post
synaptic neuron to reduce the number of Serotonin receptors.
(ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS)
Treatment adherence is affected by several different factors. Clinical factors include mood,
anxiety, psychosis, and substance misuse. There are also patient factors such as knowledge,
attitude, and beliefs; economic and racial/ethnic disparities, and clinical encounters. A patient
who presents hopeless, with decreased energy, and poor concentration is affected by which
factor?
A Substance misuse
B. Knowledge deficits
C. Attitude ad belief system
D. Mood - ANS -D. mood
These are signs of an altered mood.
G-protein coupled receptors are targets for several psychiatric medications. Given what we
know about these receptors, what is the ultimate result we will see when one of them is
activated in a way that would potentiate an action?
A. Intracellular activation of second messengers
B. Protein phosphorylation
C. Modification of gene expression - ANS -C. modification of gene expression
A and B are both steps in the activities seen leading up to modification of gene expression.
, Receptors trigger one of two effector pathways resulting in changes in neuronal activity. These
changes will, ultimately, effect gene expression. Which effector pathway is characterized by ion
flux through transmitter-activated channels resulting in an altered membrane potential and
neuronal activity?
A. Slow effector pathways (GPCR)
B. Modulated effector pathways (nonexistence)
C. Rapid effector pathways
D. NMDA glutamate receptor pathways (is a rapid effector pathway) - ANS -C. Rapid effector
pathway
Answer B is fictitious, D is a type of rapid effector pathway, and A represents G-protein coupled
receptors.
Glia cells play a supportive role to the neuron. A few of the functions of the glial cells include
providing nutrition, maintaining homeostasis, stabilizing synapses, and myelinating axons. The
glial cells are categorized as microglia and macroglia. Of these two cell types, which one plays an
active and critical role in glutamatergic neurotransmission by providing a co-agonist required for
glutamate receptor function?
A. microglial
B. macroglial - ANS -A. microglial
Microglial cells are small, phagocytic cells related to peripheral macrophages.
Upon blocking a Serotonin reuptake pump, what happens in the synaptic cleft and on the post
synaptic cell membrane?
A. The result will be an increase in available Serotonin in the synaptic cleft causing the post
synaptic cell to increase the number of Serotonin receptors.
B. The result will be an increase in the available Serotonin in the synaptic cleft causing the post
synaptic neuron to reduce the number of Serotonin receptors.
