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8i Care 8th Edition By Michelle Morrison Latest
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8i Update.
|complete study Guide |Grade A+.
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Chapter01:TheHistory of MentalCare
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MULTIPLE CHOICE 8i
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the
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irrational soul could be compared with the belief ofthe more recent psychological
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theorist:
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a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A 8i
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and
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outside the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as
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human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a Florence Nightingale nurse
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who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was the author of the book Diseases
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ofthe Mind.
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PTS: 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF:p. 8i 8i 8i
4OBJ:
8i 2 TOP: Early Years of Mental Health 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more
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accurately recorded byprofessionals. This practice led to
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abnormalbehaviors.
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a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A 8i
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
moreaccurate recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and any
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education regarding mental health disorders were not available during this period.
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PTS: 1
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF:p. 8i 8i 8
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5OBJ:
8i 3 TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch of
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medicine, and inhumane treatment was greatlydiminished bythe French hospital
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director:
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a. Dix
b. Beers
, c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C 8i
Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance ofthe mentallyill, as well as proper treatment.
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DorotheaDix crusaded forconstruction ofmental health hospitals.Clifford Beers wrote the
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book A Mind That Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the President’s
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Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF:p. 8i 8i 8
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5OBJ:8i 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 8
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4. In 1841, 8i surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
UnitedStates,Canada,andScotland and iscredited with bringingaboutpublicawareness
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and reformfor the care of the mentally ill.
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a. Sigmund Freud 8i
b. JohnCade 8
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c. Florence Nightingale 8i
d. DorotheaDix 8i
ANS: D 8i
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentallyill individuals and
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iscredited with major changes in the care of thementally ill.Sigmund Freud introduced the
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concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate for the treatment of
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bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in England in the 1800s.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF:p. 8i 8i 8
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6OBJ:8i 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Nineteenth Century 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 8
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5. AsatdirectresultofClifford N
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r s’ Iwor Gk anBd.btoCotkt,MA MindThatFoundItself,ttheCommittee
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forMental Hygiene was formedin 1909 with afocus onprevention ofmental illness and:
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a. Earlydetection ofsymptoms ofmental illness 8i 8
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b. Educationof caregivers 8i
c. Current treatment options 8i 8i
d. Removingthestigmaattached tomental illness 8
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ANS: D 8i
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care he
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received for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book raised the
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consciousness of people throughout the country regarding prevention and removal of the
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stigma of having a mental illness. Earlydetection of symptoms, education of caregivers,
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andcurrent treatment options regarding mental illness were not the focus of his book, nor
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were they a priority for the Committee for Mental Hygiene.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF:p. 8i 8i 8
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6OBJ:8i 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 8
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6. Duringthe1930s,whatcommontreatment forschizophreniacaused clients tofallinto a
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8i comathat could last as long as 50 hours? 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
a. Electroconvulsive therapy 8 i
b. Insulin therapy 8i
c. Humoral therapy 8i
, d. Amphetaminetherapy
ANS: B 8i
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s.
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Amphetamines were used to treat depression,and electroconvulsivetherapy was used
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forseveredepression. Humoral therapy, which originated in ancient Greece and Rome, was
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abelief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the humors of air, fire, water,
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andearth.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 8i 8i 8i
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8i 5 TOP: Influences of War onMental HealthTherapies 8 i 8i 8i 8i 8
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KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 8
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7. Inthe1930s,whatmentalhealthdisorderwaselectroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)
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8i most oftenused to treat?
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a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder 8i
c. Severedepression
d. Violent behavior 8i
ANS: C 8i
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s. During this
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period, schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent behavior was treated
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with alobotomy. In 1949, lithium carbonate was discovered as a treatment for bipolar
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disorder.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 8i 8i 8i
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8i 5 TOP: Influences of War onMental HealthTherapies 8 i 8i 8i 8i 8
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KEY: NursingtProcesstStep:AN
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smeInt GMSBC:.C ClietnMt Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity 8i 8i 8
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USNT O
8. Intheearlytwentieth century,afrontallobotomywasacommon treatment forviolent
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behaviors. Which description of this procedure is accurate?
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a. Aprocedurethatdelivers anelectrical stimulus tothefrontal lobesofthe brain 8
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b. Asurgicalprocedurethat drills holesinthefront oftheskull todrain fluid
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c. Atsurgicalprocedurethat severs thefrontallobes ofthebrain fromthe thalamus
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d. Asurgicalprocedurethat insertsimplants intothefrontallobes ofthebrain 8
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ANS: C 8i
Afrontallobotomyisa surgical procedureinwhichthefrontal lobesofthebrain are severedfrom
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the thalamus.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 8i 8i 8i
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KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 8
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9. Whichclassofdrugswas introducedinthe1930s forthetreatment ofdepression?
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a. SSRIs
b. Tricyclicantidepressants
c. MAOIs
d. Amphetamines
ANS: D 8i