POUL 1010E EXAM 1 2026 FULL PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ ovoviviparous Answer: fertilization of the female is internal and
mother carries egg inside of them until right before birth
◉ oviparous Answer: internal fertilization but development of
embryo occurs outside mother's body within an incased egg (all
birds)
◉ reproduction in birds is ___________, based largely on __________
availability Answer: seasonal, food
◉ cues for reproduction Answer: increasing day length (12 hours
needed to stimulate reproduction), increasing temperatures and
food supplies in temperate regions, rain fall, nest sites, mates
◉ lack of right ovary and oviduct? Answer: for flight purposes
(weight-makes them lighter)
◉ regression of left ovary and oviduct in non-breeding periods?
Answer: oviduct growth is stimulated by sex hormones (estrogen)
so retracts when not breeding
, ◉ function of estrogen Answer: plays vital role in spermatogenesis
and development of specialized feathers to attract females
◉ function of progesterone Answer:
◉ basic functions of oviduct segment Answer: forming the egg after
ovulation: infundibulum is site of fertilization, magnum synthesizes
egg white and adds to forming egg, isthmus inner/outer shell
membranes synthesized around existing egg
◉ female birds can store sperm? Answer: birds have a short
fertilization window and they don't have an estrus cycle so there is
no synchronization between mating and ovulation
◉ male reproductive characteristics Answer: internal testes,
produce way more sperm than mammals because mortality rate is
high, production time of sperm is way faster in birds than
humans/other farm animals
◉ most males lack an intermittent organ (penis)? Answer: loss has
most likely occurred over time; possibly for the avoidance of STDs
◉ why a few birds still have a penis? Answer: most are water birds
(so to prevent the sperm being washed away) and sperm
competition theory for males who take care of the hatchlings
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ ovoviviparous Answer: fertilization of the female is internal and
mother carries egg inside of them until right before birth
◉ oviparous Answer: internal fertilization but development of
embryo occurs outside mother's body within an incased egg (all
birds)
◉ reproduction in birds is ___________, based largely on __________
availability Answer: seasonal, food
◉ cues for reproduction Answer: increasing day length (12 hours
needed to stimulate reproduction), increasing temperatures and
food supplies in temperate regions, rain fall, nest sites, mates
◉ lack of right ovary and oviduct? Answer: for flight purposes
(weight-makes them lighter)
◉ regression of left ovary and oviduct in non-breeding periods?
Answer: oviduct growth is stimulated by sex hormones (estrogen)
so retracts when not breeding
, ◉ function of estrogen Answer: plays vital role in spermatogenesis
and development of specialized feathers to attract females
◉ function of progesterone Answer:
◉ basic functions of oviduct segment Answer: forming the egg after
ovulation: infundibulum is site of fertilization, magnum synthesizes
egg white and adds to forming egg, isthmus inner/outer shell
membranes synthesized around existing egg
◉ female birds can store sperm? Answer: birds have a short
fertilization window and they don't have an estrus cycle so there is
no synchronization between mating and ovulation
◉ male reproductive characteristics Answer: internal testes,
produce way more sperm than mammals because mortality rate is
high, production time of sperm is way faster in birds than
humans/other farm animals
◉ most males lack an intermittent organ (penis)? Answer: loss has
most likely occurred over time; possibly for the avoidance of STDs
◉ why a few birds still have a penis? Answer: most are water birds
(so to prevent the sperm being washed away) and sperm
competition theory for males who take care of the hatchlings
