PEDIATRIC CCRN EXAMINATION TEST 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS
◉ List manifestations of Right Sided Heart Failure Answer: 1. weight
gain
2. edema
3. hepatomegaly
4. ascites
5. distended neck veins
◉ List manifestations of Left Sided Heart Failure Answer: 1.
Tachycardia
2. dyspnia
3. Activity intolerance
4. persistent cough
5. cyanosis
6. wheezing/grunting
7. orthopnea
◉ What are treatment goals for heart failure Answer: 1. remove
excess fluid
,2. improve cardiac function
3. reduce respiratory distress
4. decrease cardiac demand
◉ What is the difference between Hypoxemia and hypoxia Answer:
Hypoxemia is a measurable lab value in which the arterial oxygen
tension is below normal and can be measured by arterial O2 sats or
Pa02, while hypoxia is the decrease in tissue oxygenation resulting
from low saturation levels
◉ Clinical manifestations of hypoxemia Answer: -clubbing
-polycythemia
-fatigue w/ feeding
-poor weight gain
-squatting
-dyspnea
-tachypnea
◉ What are measures to manage Hypoxemia? Answer: -O2
-prevent dehydration and monitor fluid status
-daily weights
-assess resp. status closely
-prevent infection
,◉ List the 4 main manifestations of Shock Answer: 1. circulatory
failure
2. Metabolic acidosis
3. hypotension
4. hypoxemia
◉ Describe the picture of Compensated Shock Answer: 1. Shunting
occurs due to sympathetic activation
2. BP is normal initially
3. cool clammy skin/poor perfusion to periphery
4. decreased bowel sounds
5. decreased urine output
6. lactic acid build-up
◉ Describe the picture of Uncompensated Shock Answer: 1. Body is
unable to compensate and supply blood to microvasculature
2. hypotension
3. tacypnea
4. tachycardia
5. mental status change
6. increased BUN and Creatinine
, 7. Liver enzymes increase
8. DIC
◉ Define Cardiogenic shock Answer: A decrease in cardiac output
and in increase in systemic vascular resistance caused by in increase
in afterload and an decrease in contractility
◉ What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock in
pediatrics? Answer: Chronic Heart Failure
◉ What is the most common type of shock in pediatric populations
Answer: hypovolemic shock
◉ What is the main difference between cardiogenic shock and
hypovolemic shock? Answer: There is no change in contractility with
hypovolemic shock like there is with cardiogenic shock and
hypovolemic shock also has a decrease in preload
◉ What percent of intravascular body is lost with hypovolemic
shock? Answer: 15-25%
◉ Give two causes of obstructuve shock Answer: tension pneumo or
pulmonary emboli
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS
◉ List manifestations of Right Sided Heart Failure Answer: 1. weight
gain
2. edema
3. hepatomegaly
4. ascites
5. distended neck veins
◉ List manifestations of Left Sided Heart Failure Answer: 1.
Tachycardia
2. dyspnia
3. Activity intolerance
4. persistent cough
5. cyanosis
6. wheezing/grunting
7. orthopnea
◉ What are treatment goals for heart failure Answer: 1. remove
excess fluid
,2. improve cardiac function
3. reduce respiratory distress
4. decrease cardiac demand
◉ What is the difference between Hypoxemia and hypoxia Answer:
Hypoxemia is a measurable lab value in which the arterial oxygen
tension is below normal and can be measured by arterial O2 sats or
Pa02, while hypoxia is the decrease in tissue oxygenation resulting
from low saturation levels
◉ Clinical manifestations of hypoxemia Answer: -clubbing
-polycythemia
-fatigue w/ feeding
-poor weight gain
-squatting
-dyspnea
-tachypnea
◉ What are measures to manage Hypoxemia? Answer: -O2
-prevent dehydration and monitor fluid status
-daily weights
-assess resp. status closely
-prevent infection
,◉ List the 4 main manifestations of Shock Answer: 1. circulatory
failure
2. Metabolic acidosis
3. hypotension
4. hypoxemia
◉ Describe the picture of Compensated Shock Answer: 1. Shunting
occurs due to sympathetic activation
2. BP is normal initially
3. cool clammy skin/poor perfusion to periphery
4. decreased bowel sounds
5. decreased urine output
6. lactic acid build-up
◉ Describe the picture of Uncompensated Shock Answer: 1. Body is
unable to compensate and supply blood to microvasculature
2. hypotension
3. tacypnea
4. tachycardia
5. mental status change
6. increased BUN and Creatinine
, 7. Liver enzymes increase
8. DIC
◉ Define Cardiogenic shock Answer: A decrease in cardiac output
and in increase in systemic vascular resistance caused by in increase
in afterload and an decrease in contractility
◉ What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock in
pediatrics? Answer: Chronic Heart Failure
◉ What is the most common type of shock in pediatric populations
Answer: hypovolemic shock
◉ What is the main difference between cardiogenic shock and
hypovolemic shock? Answer: There is no change in contractility with
hypovolemic shock like there is with cardiogenic shock and
hypovolemic shock also has a decrease in preload
◉ What percent of intravascular body is lost with hypovolemic
shock? Answer: 15-25%
◉ Give two causes of obstructuve shock Answer: tension pneumo or
pulmonary emboli
