NPB 101 Exam Questions and Answers
Graded A+
homeostasis - Correct answer-metabolic equilibrium actively maintained by several
complex biological mechanisms that operate via the autonomic nervous system to
offset disrupting changes
Extracellular fluid (EFC) - Correct answer-The fluid environment in which the cell
lives in; Has two components : Plasma and INterstitial fluid
Negative feedback - Correct answer-FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEM IN
WHICH THE LEVEL OF A VARIABLE IS CHANGED IN THE DIRECTION
OPPOSITE TO THAT OF THE INITIAL STIMULUS; RESPONIBLE FOR
HOMEOSTASIS AND MORE COMMON THAN POSITIVE FEEDBACK; Has a
Sensor; Integrator; and effector
positive feedback - Correct answer-A form of regulation in which an end product
of a process speeds up that process; in physiology, a control mechanism in which a
change in a variable triggers a response that reinforces or amplifies the change.
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,Blood clotting (blood platelet accumulation) & labor contractions (release of
oxytocin) are examples of this.
Plasma Membrane - Correct answer-a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a
cell
+
endoplasmic reticulum - Correct answer-internal membrane system in cells in
which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are
modified
Golgi complex - Correct answer-organelle that modifies, packages, and transports
material out of the cell.
Lipid bilayer - Correct answer-Double layered sheet that forms the core of nearly
all cell membranes; The top is polar (negative & Hydrophilic) and legs are
nonpolar (not charghed & hydrophobic); Also has fat and cholesterol (which
anchers the cell)
Ability to cross plasma membrane - Correct answer-If its Hydrophilic pr
hydrophobic (easily will pass); size, has a carrier or pore
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, Charge of cell - Correct answer-The cell is mostly negative with -70mv; the
negative line up the inside of cell membrane attracting possitive outside of
membrane; the rest not close to membrane is neutral
Concentration & permeability of ions - Correct answer-Na: Extra (150) Intra (15)
Permeability (1)
K: Extra (5) Intra (150) Permeability (25-30)
Proteins (Extra (0) INtra (65) permability (0)
Cl: (Extra (140) (Intra (15)
Electrical gradient - Correct answer-Difference in ELECTRICAL CHARGE across
the cell membrane
~Generated by chemical ion concentration
~Molecules will move in a direction to achieve electrical equilibrium
Chemical gradient - Correct answer-Difference in chemical ion concentration
across the cell membrane
~Molecules will move in a direction to achieve chemical equilibrium
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Graded A+
homeostasis - Correct answer-metabolic equilibrium actively maintained by several
complex biological mechanisms that operate via the autonomic nervous system to
offset disrupting changes
Extracellular fluid (EFC) - Correct answer-The fluid environment in which the cell
lives in; Has two components : Plasma and INterstitial fluid
Negative feedback - Correct answer-FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEM IN
WHICH THE LEVEL OF A VARIABLE IS CHANGED IN THE DIRECTION
OPPOSITE TO THAT OF THE INITIAL STIMULUS; RESPONIBLE FOR
HOMEOSTASIS AND MORE COMMON THAN POSITIVE FEEDBACK; Has a
Sensor; Integrator; and effector
positive feedback - Correct answer-A form of regulation in which an end product
of a process speeds up that process; in physiology, a control mechanism in which a
change in a variable triggers a response that reinforces or amplifies the change.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Blood clotting (blood platelet accumulation) & labor contractions (release of
oxytocin) are examples of this.
Plasma Membrane - Correct answer-a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a
cell
+
endoplasmic reticulum - Correct answer-internal membrane system in cells in
which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are
modified
Golgi complex - Correct answer-organelle that modifies, packages, and transports
material out of the cell.
Lipid bilayer - Correct answer-Double layered sheet that forms the core of nearly
all cell membranes; The top is polar (negative & Hydrophilic) and legs are
nonpolar (not charghed & hydrophobic); Also has fat and cholesterol (which
anchers the cell)
Ability to cross plasma membrane - Correct answer-If its Hydrophilic pr
hydrophobic (easily will pass); size, has a carrier or pore
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Charge of cell - Correct answer-The cell is mostly negative with -70mv; the
negative line up the inside of cell membrane attracting possitive outside of
membrane; the rest not close to membrane is neutral
Concentration & permeability of ions - Correct answer-Na: Extra (150) Intra (15)
Permeability (1)
K: Extra (5) Intra (150) Permeability (25-30)
Proteins (Extra (0) INtra (65) permability (0)
Cl: (Extra (140) (Intra (15)
Electrical gradient - Correct answer-Difference in ELECTRICAL CHARGE across
the cell membrane
~Generated by chemical ion concentration
~Molecules will move in a direction to achieve electrical equilibrium
Chemical gradient - Correct answer-Difference in chemical ion concentration
across the cell membrane
~Molecules will move in a direction to achieve chemical equilibrium
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
