100% CORRECT WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS|LATEST
All living organisms on Earth are related through - ANSWER Common Ancestry
Five-year voyage around the world. This ship sailed from England, around the tip of South
America, to the Galápagos Islands, around the southern coast of Australia and Africa, and
back to England. During this journey, Darwin collected thousands of samples: plants,
animals, fossils, and rocks. He made careful and important observations about the organisms
he encountered. - ANSWER HMS Beagle
Darwin surmised that birds with certain physical features, those that allowed them to eat
certain foods in their environment, survived and reproduced. Through reproduction, they
could pass on these physical features to their offspring, thus increasing the frequency of
these features in the overall population of birds. In different environments, different physical
features would be favored and would be "selected." - ANSWER Natural Selection
Driver of evolution called natural selection. Darwin refereed to it as -
ANSWER Descent With Modification
The 13 different finch species that currently live on the Galápagos is a kind of rapid and
prolific speciation known as an _______ _______. An evolutionary pattern in which many
species evolve from a single ancestral species. - ANSWER Adaptive Radiation
Common scientific views before Darwin - ANSWER The earth is young, species divinely
created, and species are unchangable
1
,Emerging scientific views before Darwin - ANSWER The earth is old, the earth's
surface, plants, and anaimals havechanged over time
Study of Earth - ANSWER Geology
Study of Fossils - ANSWER Palentology
Study of classification and relationships of organisms - ANSWER Taxonomy &
Systematics
Study of populations - ANSWER Demography
Study of organisms and their changes over time - ANSWER Evolutionary biology
How old is the earth - ANSWER 4.6 Billion Years
Scottish geologist who lived in the 18th century and who recognized that wind and rain
caused erosion and formed sand, small rocks, and soil. Discovered the strata and
uniformitarianism. - ANSWER James Hutton
Particles could then be redeposited and form the layered pattern of rock we call -
ANSWER Strata
Hutton's ideas of geological strata and time depth rely on the assumption that the processes
that occur today are the same ones that have occurred in the past. This is known as
____________, an idea that is widely accepted in all scientific fields today. -
ANSWER Uniformitarianism
2
, Hutton's ideas were soon tested by the great geologist _______ ______ , who confirmed
that it would take millions, not thousands, of years for Earth's geological strata to form. Who
lived in the late 18th, early 19th centuries. - ANSWER Charles Lyell
He invented the microscope and examined fossil wood under his new device. He noted that
the cellular structure of the fossil wood was the same as the wood that exists today. He lived
in the 17th century. - ANSWER Robert Hooke
He proposed that fossils were from organisms that no longer existed. He also discovered that
different fossils could be found in different geological strata. He also proposed that different
layers of strata represent groups of organisms that had been wiped out in a series of
catastrophic events. He lived in the 18th/19th century. - ANSWER Georges Cuvier
Cuvier proposed evolution happened catastrophically, others proposed it happened slowly
and gradually. Although many lineage extinctions are not dramatic, there is growing
evidence that there have been ______ _______ events. - ANSWER Mass Extinction
One mass extinction event happened 65 million years ago; it marks the end of the dinosaurs
and the beginning of the reign of ______. - ANSWER Mammals
In 1991, researchers discovered a massive crater, partially underwater, on the ________
_____________ in modern-day Mexico. It has been dated to about 65 million years and
preserves a high concentration of iridium, an element that is exceptionally rare on Earth but
common in meteors and comets. A comet or meteor, roughly 6 miles wide, struck Earth 65
million years ago, with the force of 100 million megatons. To put this in perspective, the
current arsenal of nuclear weapons stockpiled by the United States military is 1,400
megatons. This means we would need to set off our entire nuclear arsenal 70,000 times in a
row to equal the force of this impact. This was a catastrophic event; it is remarkable that
anything survived. - ANSWER Yucatán Peninsula
Prior to Cuvier's work on fossils, the great Swedish naturalist ________ ________ devised a
system for naming and classifying all living organisms. His system is still used today, and
allows scientists from all over the world, speaking different languages, to understand one
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ANSWERS|LATEST
All living organisms on Earth are related through - ANSWER Common Ancestry
Five-year voyage around the world. This ship sailed from England, around the tip of South
America, to the Galápagos Islands, around the southern coast of Australia and Africa, and
back to England. During this journey, Darwin collected thousands of samples: plants,
animals, fossils, and rocks. He made careful and important observations about the organisms
he encountered. - ANSWER HMS Beagle
Darwin surmised that birds with certain physical features, those that allowed them to eat
certain foods in their environment, survived and reproduced. Through reproduction, they
could pass on these physical features to their offspring, thus increasing the frequency of
these features in the overall population of birds. In different environments, different physical
features would be favored and would be "selected." - ANSWER Natural Selection
Driver of evolution called natural selection. Darwin refereed to it as -
ANSWER Descent With Modification
The 13 different finch species that currently live on the Galápagos is a kind of rapid and
prolific speciation known as an _______ _______. An evolutionary pattern in which many
species evolve from a single ancestral species. - ANSWER Adaptive Radiation
Common scientific views before Darwin - ANSWER The earth is young, species divinely
created, and species are unchangable
1
,Emerging scientific views before Darwin - ANSWER The earth is old, the earth's
surface, plants, and anaimals havechanged over time
Study of Earth - ANSWER Geology
Study of Fossils - ANSWER Palentology
Study of classification and relationships of organisms - ANSWER Taxonomy &
Systematics
Study of populations - ANSWER Demography
Study of organisms and their changes over time - ANSWER Evolutionary biology
How old is the earth - ANSWER 4.6 Billion Years
Scottish geologist who lived in the 18th century and who recognized that wind and rain
caused erosion and formed sand, small rocks, and soil. Discovered the strata and
uniformitarianism. - ANSWER James Hutton
Particles could then be redeposited and form the layered pattern of rock we call -
ANSWER Strata
Hutton's ideas of geological strata and time depth rely on the assumption that the processes
that occur today are the same ones that have occurred in the past. This is known as
____________, an idea that is widely accepted in all scientific fields today. -
ANSWER Uniformitarianism
2
, Hutton's ideas were soon tested by the great geologist _______ ______ , who confirmed
that it would take millions, not thousands, of years for Earth's geological strata to form. Who
lived in the late 18th, early 19th centuries. - ANSWER Charles Lyell
He invented the microscope and examined fossil wood under his new device. He noted that
the cellular structure of the fossil wood was the same as the wood that exists today. He lived
in the 17th century. - ANSWER Robert Hooke
He proposed that fossils were from organisms that no longer existed. He also discovered that
different fossils could be found in different geological strata. He also proposed that different
layers of strata represent groups of organisms that had been wiped out in a series of
catastrophic events. He lived in the 18th/19th century. - ANSWER Georges Cuvier
Cuvier proposed evolution happened catastrophically, others proposed it happened slowly
and gradually. Although many lineage extinctions are not dramatic, there is growing
evidence that there have been ______ _______ events. - ANSWER Mass Extinction
One mass extinction event happened 65 million years ago; it marks the end of the dinosaurs
and the beginning of the reign of ______. - ANSWER Mammals
In 1991, researchers discovered a massive crater, partially underwater, on the ________
_____________ in modern-day Mexico. It has been dated to about 65 million years and
preserves a high concentration of iridium, an element that is exceptionally rare on Earth but
common in meteors and comets. A comet or meteor, roughly 6 miles wide, struck Earth 65
million years ago, with the force of 100 million megatons. To put this in perspective, the
current arsenal of nuclear weapons stockpiled by the United States military is 1,400
megatons. This means we would need to set off our entire nuclear arsenal 70,000 times in a
row to equal the force of this impact. This was a catastrophic event; it is remarkable that
anything survived. - ANSWER Yucatán Peninsula
Prior to Cuvier's work on fossils, the great Swedish naturalist ________ ________ devised a
system for naming and classifying all living organisms. His system is still used today, and
allows scientists from all over the world, speaking different languages, to understand one
3
