NRSG 357 final Exam Questions and
Answers Graded A+
what is the difference between the aqueous humor and vitreous humor? - Correct
answer-aqueous humor: watery fluid between the cornea and the lens; maintains
pressure, provides nutrition
vitreous humor/gel: clear gel behind the lens, in front of the retina; must be clear
enough to allow light to pass thru
what are some examples of normal eye changes as we age? - Correct answer--
dryness
-changes in color perception, especially blue and violet
-cataracts
-slower recovery of pupil or focus
-blurring of vision
________ is also called nearsightedness - Correct answer-myopia
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,can see things close up but not far away
______ is also called farshightedness - Correct answer-hyperopia; might also be
called presbyopia
can see things far away but not close up
what is astigmatism? - Correct answer-defect in the eye or lens caused by a
deviation from spherical curvature that results in distorted images
what is aphakia? - Correct answer-absence of the lens of the eye (surgically or
congenital anomaly);
what are two nursing considerations for patients with vision loss? - Correct answer-
-help patients maintain as much independence as possible
-adjust environment to ensure patient safety: increase lighting, remove rugs, etc.
sudden visual loss of any type is ____ ________ - Correct answer-an emergency
what are cataracts? - Correct answer-an opacity in the lens that distorts images
projected onto the retina
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,what are some clinical manifestations of cataracts? - Correct answer--gradual
vision loss, decreased vision overall
-abnormal color perception
-glare, especially at night when the pupil dilates
-milky appearance of the eye
what are some risk factors for developing cataracts? - Correct answer--age
-trauma: blunt or penetrating
-radiation/UV light exposure
-corticosteroid use
-poorly controlled diabetes
true or false: patients typically have pain with cataracts - Correct answer-false:
there is no pain associated with cataracts (typically)
true or false: age related cataract formation is associated with pain and eye redness
- Correct answer-false
true or false: early manifestations of cataracts include blurred vision and decreased
color perception - Correct answer-true
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, true or false: a cataract is opacity of the lens that distorts the image projected onto
the retina - Correct answer-true
true or false: cataracts will develop in both eyes at the same rate - Correct answer-
false
what is nonsurgical treatment (glasses, increased lighting, lifestyle adjustment)
considered for patients with cataracts? - Correct answer-palliative not curative
what are some nonsurgical treatments of cataracts? - Correct answer--prescribe or
change the prescription of glasses
-increased lighting
-adjust lifestyle (not driving at night to avoid glare, remove clutter at home)
what is done in cataract surgery/how are cataracts removed? - Correct answer-
phacoemulsification--an ultrasonic tool breaks up the cataract into tiny pieces,
which is then sucked out of the eye and an artificial lens is replaced
what are 3 eye drops patients might get before cataract/eye surgery? - Correct
answer--mydriatic: dilates the pupil
-cycloplegic: paralyzes ciliary muscle--paralysis of accommodation
-NSAID drops: helps keep inflammation down, maintains pupil dilation
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Answers Graded A+
what is the difference between the aqueous humor and vitreous humor? - Correct
answer-aqueous humor: watery fluid between the cornea and the lens; maintains
pressure, provides nutrition
vitreous humor/gel: clear gel behind the lens, in front of the retina; must be clear
enough to allow light to pass thru
what are some examples of normal eye changes as we age? - Correct answer--
dryness
-changes in color perception, especially blue and violet
-cataracts
-slower recovery of pupil or focus
-blurring of vision
________ is also called nearsightedness - Correct answer-myopia
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,can see things close up but not far away
______ is also called farshightedness - Correct answer-hyperopia; might also be
called presbyopia
can see things far away but not close up
what is astigmatism? - Correct answer-defect in the eye or lens caused by a
deviation from spherical curvature that results in distorted images
what is aphakia? - Correct answer-absence of the lens of the eye (surgically or
congenital anomaly);
what are two nursing considerations for patients with vision loss? - Correct answer-
-help patients maintain as much independence as possible
-adjust environment to ensure patient safety: increase lighting, remove rugs, etc.
sudden visual loss of any type is ____ ________ - Correct answer-an emergency
what are cataracts? - Correct answer-an opacity in the lens that distorts images
projected onto the retina
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,what are some clinical manifestations of cataracts? - Correct answer--gradual
vision loss, decreased vision overall
-abnormal color perception
-glare, especially at night when the pupil dilates
-milky appearance of the eye
what are some risk factors for developing cataracts? - Correct answer--age
-trauma: blunt or penetrating
-radiation/UV light exposure
-corticosteroid use
-poorly controlled diabetes
true or false: patients typically have pain with cataracts - Correct answer-false:
there is no pain associated with cataracts (typically)
true or false: age related cataract formation is associated with pain and eye redness
- Correct answer-false
true or false: early manifestations of cataracts include blurred vision and decreased
color perception - Correct answer-true
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, true or false: a cataract is opacity of the lens that distorts the image projected onto
the retina - Correct answer-true
true or false: cataracts will develop in both eyes at the same rate - Correct answer-
false
what is nonsurgical treatment (glasses, increased lighting, lifestyle adjustment)
considered for patients with cataracts? - Correct answer-palliative not curative
what are some nonsurgical treatments of cataracts? - Correct answer--prescribe or
change the prescription of glasses
-increased lighting
-adjust lifestyle (not driving at night to avoid glare, remove clutter at home)
what is done in cataract surgery/how are cataracts removed? - Correct answer-
phacoemulsification--an ultrasonic tool breaks up the cataract into tiny pieces,
which is then sucked out of the eye and an artificial lens is replaced
what are 3 eye drops patients might get before cataract/eye surgery? - Correct
answer--mydriatic: dilates the pupil
-cycloplegic: paralyzes ciliary muscle--paralysis of accommodation
-NSAID drops: helps keep inflammation down, maintains pupil dilation
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
